Antidepressant Medicine Use and Risk of Developing Diabetes During the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (original) (raw)
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Psychosomatic Medicine, 2015
Objective-To assess in participants in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPP/DPPOS) whether diagnosis of diabetes predicted: elevated depressive symptoms (DS) or antidepressant medicine (ADM) use after diagnosis; diabetes status or duration had significant effect on DS or ADM use; and associations between A1C, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), normalization of FPG and DS or ADM use post diagnosis. Methods-DPP participants in 3 treatment arms [intensive lifestyle (ILS), metformin (MET), placebo (PLC)] were assessed semiannually or annually for diabetes, glucose control, ADM use, and DS. DS was measured using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Among the total 3234 enrolled participants, 1285 developed diabetes whose levels of depression were measured before and after their diabetes diagnosis. Results-Neither DS nor ADM use increased significantly following diabetes diagnosis. After diabetes diagnosis, higher FPG was associated with greater ADM use in the ILS arm independent of potential confounders; a 10 mg/dl higher in FPG is associated with 8.8% more odds of ADM use. Higher FPG, and higher A1C were associated with higher BDI scores in all three arms. On average, a participant with 10 mg/dl higher rise in FPG had a 0.07 increase in BDI score.
Advances in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 2021
Introduction: Treatment with antidepressants may be associated with a risk of diabetes. Direct drug effects might play a role, but weight gain and impaired glucose regulation are other factors that may contribute to diabetes risk. Objective: We have utilised an Australian administrative pharmaceutical database to examine the association of new onset drug-treated diabetes with specific antidepressant treatments and durations. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study with quasi-experimental design using administrative pharmaceutical data was performed. Uninterrupted treatments of 0.5-4 years with specific antidepressant agents prescribed to individuals were defined and the relative risks of new-onset drug treated diabetes calculated for age, sex, and treatment duration. Results: Seven antidepressant medications most frequently prescribed were assessed in 72,753 participants. The analysis included the antidepressant subclasses of non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors (n=1), selective serotonin inhibitors (n=3) and other anti-depressants (n=3). Increased relative risk of new onset of diabetes was associated with the first year of treatment, male gender and increasing age (Anova p<0.02). Mirtazapine and Desvenlafaxine exhibited higher relative risks for diabetes especially in elderly male cohorts. Following the first year of continuous antidepressant treatment, the risk of new onset diabetes fell towards normal and below normal levels. Conclusion: The New onset antidepressant treatment is associated with an increased risk of new onset of drugtreated diabetes within the first year. Increasing diabetes risk with longer durations of antidepressant treatment was not established. The risk of diabetes in certain depressed patients should be contemplated before starting antidepressant drug treatments.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to struggle from depressive symptoms than individuals without diabetes. However, this joint condition is undertreated in nearly two-thirds of patients. Failure to monitor the comorbidity may lead to suboptimal therapy. This study evaluated the association of antidepressant use with healthcare utilization in a national sample of patients with type 2 diabetes and depression symptoms in the United States. It further assessed the differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors between those who use antidepressants and those who do not. This study was a secondary data analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the period 2005–2014. To assess if there were significant differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors between those who were taking antidepressants or not, Chi Square and independent t-tests were used. To assess if there was a significant association between a...
The Frequency of Antidepressant Medication Use in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
2021
To determine the rates of antidepressant drug usage and its associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Patients with type 2 DM between the ages of 18 and 85 years who were followed-up in the DM outpatient clinic of a university hospital between May and September 2019 were included. The data of patients were analyzed retrospectively and age, dura tion of DM, comorbid diseases, information on smoking, anthropometric measurements such as, height and weight and antidepressant drug use were assessed from the hospital system. Also, the patients were assesed about their application to the psychiatry clinic and whether or not they were using any antidepressant drug. Results: The study included 463 patients with type 2 DM and 24 (68.6%) of the patients were female. It was found that 56 (12.1%) of the patients applied to the psychiatry outpatient clinic in the last three years and 23 (41.1%) of these patients used antidepressant medication. Patients who did not apply to the psychiatry outpatient clinic were also found to be using antidepressant drugs, accounting for 48 (11.8%) of all patients. Forty-eight (67.7%) of the antidepressant drug users were female and 23 (32.3%) were male (p=0.002). Median body mass index was 32.4 (24.6-45.9) kg/m 2 in antidepressant drug users and 30.3 (19.0-52.0) kg/m 2 in nonusers (p=0.024). Conclusion: The frequency of antidepressant use in DM patients is quite common, depression and type 2 DM are intertwined diseases.
Diabetes Care, 2013
OBJECTIVEdTo study the association of depressive symptoms or antidepressant medicine (ADM) use with subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor status in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial of weight loss in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSdParticipants (n = 5,145; age [mean 6 SD] 58.7 6 6.8 years; BMI 35.8 6 5.8 kg/m 2) in two study arms (intensive lifestyle [ILI], diabetes support and education [DSE]) completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), reported ADM use, and were assessed for CVD risk factors at baseline and annually for 4 years. Risk factorpositive status was defined as current smoking, obesity, HbA 1c .7.0% or insulin use, and blood pressure or cholesterol not at levels recommended by expert consensus panel or medicine to achieve recommended levels. Generalized estimating equations assessed within-study arm relationships of elevated BDI score ($11) or ADM use with subsequent year CVD risk status, controlled for demographic variables, CVD history, diabetes duration, and prior CVD risk status.
The risk of new-onset diabetes in antidepressant users – A systematic review and meta-analysis
PLOS ONE
Background Antidepressant Drugs (ADs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications in developed countries. The available epidemiological evidence suggests an association between AD use and higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, some methodological issues make the interpretation of these results difficult. Moreover, very recent studies provided conflicting results. Given the high prevalence of both diabetes and AD use in many countries, clarifying whether this association is causal is of extreme relevance for the public health. The aim of the present study is to provide an up-to-date evaluation of the evidence in support of a causal role of ADs in inducing diabetes. Methods and findings A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies in MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA) through 31 st December 2016. Only studies assessing the incidence of new-onset diabetes in subjects treated with ADs were included. Results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. Moreover, we extensively reviewed the role of the different sources of bias that have been proposed to explain the association between AD and diabetes. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. In the meta-analysis, the association between AD use and diabetes was still evident after the inclusion of the recent negative studies [pooled relative risk = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19-1.35; p<0.001]. None of the biases proposed by previous authors seemed able to fully explain the observed association. Conclusions This updated meta-analysis confirms the association between AD use and incident diabetes. It still remains a matter of debate whether single ADs exert a different effect on the risk of diabetes. Given the possible heterogeneity, we suggest that a classification of ADs