A Grammar of East Circassian (Kabardian) (original) (raw)
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I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the people of the Vasyugan, Yugan and Alexandrovo Khanty communities, the co-authors of this work, who welcomed me in their homes, and shared their knowledge and stories. There are less then 1000 speakers remaining of these dialects combined and my hope is that this ancient, sophisticated and beautiful language and culture further persists in modern time and into the future.
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Lund Working Papers in Linguistics, 2009
The paper 1 gives a short overview of the general properties of the grammar of Kabardian (East Circassian) followed by sections on verbal forms in subordination and basic aspects of complementation.
Volition in Grammar and Lexical Representation of Verbs: The Case of Kabardian Involuntative
2021
The structure of this paper is as follows. In the Introduction, I present some basic typological facts about Kabardian. In section 2, an interesting morphological feature of NW Caucasian languages is presented, and in section 3 it is discussed how this feature should be represented in the grammar. This leads us to some theoretical questions about the status of lexical rules in Role and Reference Grammar and the interrelationship of features used in the lexical decomposition of verbs in section 4. Kabardian (or East Circassian) is a NW Caucasian language spoken mostly in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic of the Russian Federation. Like its NW Caucasian relatives (Abkhaz, Abaza, Adyghe, and the extinct Ubykh), it a polysynthetic head-marking language with very little nominal morphology and a very complex verbal system. It has two grammatical cases: absolutive (-r) and ergative (-m); nouns are case marked only when de nite, and personal pronouns do not receive case marking; the ergative also marks oblique arguments, such as the recipient (1). (1) ś'āł'a-m džāta-r boy-sword-pśāśa-m girl-y@-h-ā-ś 3 .-carry-'The boy carried the sword to the girl' 1 The verbal complex consists of at least eight pre x slots, followed by the root and at least four su x slots. Here are the pre x slots: 1. directionals, 2. re ex-1 My Kabardian examples were drawn from two sources: some were elicited from two informants, Lemma Maremukova and Alim Shomahua, to whom I am very grateful for their help, and others were taken from a collection of Kabardian folk-tales (Nartxer. Adygey epos. Nalchik 1999).
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The study of Russian is of great importance to syntactic theory, due in particular to its unusual case system and its complex word order patterns. This book provides an essential guide to Russian syntax and examines the major syntactic structures of the language. It begins with an overview of verbal and nominal constituents, followed by major clause types, including null-copula and impersonal sentences, Wh-questions and their distribution, and relative and subordinate clauses. The syntax behind the rich Russian morphological case system is then described in detail, with focus on both the fairly standard instances of Nominative, Accusative and Dative case and the important language-specifi c uses of the Genitive and Instrumental cases. The book goes on to analyze the syntax of "free" word order for which Russian is famous. It will be of interest to researchers and students of syntactic theory, of Slavic linguistics, and of language typology. john frederick bailyn is Associate Professor of Linguistics at Stony Brook University. He is the author of numerous articles and edited volumes on formal Slavic linguistics, especially in the areas of case, word order, functional categories, syntactic microvariation, and binding.
(2) Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
2013
This paper is devoted to the use of two tools for creating morphologically annotated linguistic corpora: UniParser and the EANC platform. The EANC platform is the database and search framework originally developed for the Eastern Armenian National Corpus (www.eanc.net) and later adopted for other languages. UniParser is an automated morphological analysis tool developed specifically for creating corpora of languages with relatively small numbers of native speakers for which the development of parsers from scratch is not feasible. It has been designed for use with the EANC platform and generates XML output in the EANC format. UniParser and the EANC platform have already been used for the creation of the corpora of several languages: Albanian, Kalmyk, Lezgian, Ossetic, of which the Ossetic corpus is the largest (5 million tokens, 10 million planned for 2013), and are currently being employed in construction of the corpora of Buryat and Modern Greek languages. This paper will describe ...
LINGUIST List review of: Nedjalkov & Otaina (2013) A syntax of the Nivkh language
This book is a translation of the "Sintaksis nivxskogo jazyka (Amurskij dialekt)" ("Syntax of the Nivkh language: The Amur dialect"), originally published in Russian (Nedjalkov and Otaina 2012). This is a posthumous edition of a draft found in the archives of Vladimir P. Nedjalkov, a major representative of the Leningrad/St.Petersburg Typological School. The work was not finalized because of the complicated situation in Russia in the early 1990s and the untimely death of Galina A. Otaina (1995), a native speaker of Nivkh.
ABSTRACT of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science, 2021
The need to study non-personal forms of the verb in the Turkic languages is determined by the role they play in the sentence both independently and in combination with other forms and auxiliary verbs, expressing various kinds of temporal and modal shades of action. Comparative study of certain structural elements and grammatical categories in the considered languages is of great scientific importance. The comparative-historical method, as it is known, is one of the leading methods used in comparing the facts of Turkic languages and contributes to the further development of various fields of linguistics. Comparative and historical study of various Turkic languages is the most important and necessary task of modern Turkology. The need for this study, first of all, is dictated by the fact that only the use of comparative-historical methods can more deeply penetrate into the essence of linguistic facts and their connections. Thus, the comparative-historical analysis of non-personal forms of the verb in the Turkic languages will allow a deeper under-standing of their nature as the most extensive class in the verb system. In addition, a systematic and comparative historical study of the composition, meanings and functions of non-personal verb forms in these languages will reveal both their similar and distinctive features.