Clinico-epidemiological study of Schistosomiasis mansoni in Waja-Timuga, District of Alamata, northern Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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Ethiopian journal of health sciences, 2014
Schistosomiasis is one of the chronic and neglected tropical diseases affecting rural communities. Heavy infections contribute to anemia and can retard children's growth, physical activity and cognitive function. This study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence, intensity and variation of Schistosoma mansoni infection among human subjects in geographically apart localities. The prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection was assessed in three geographically apart endemic areas of Ethiopia from May to August 2010 through cross-sectional approach. A total of 1073 individuals (528 males and 545 females) were found eligible for the study. Their age ranged from 5-60 years with mean age of 11 years in Wondo Genet, 22 years in Kemissie and 24 years in Sille-Elgo. Small plastic sheets were distributed to the study participants and sizable stool specimens were collected and examined using Kato-Katz method (41.7mg template). The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni...
Determinants of Schistosoma mansoni in Sanja health center, north West Ethiopia
BMC Public Health, 2018
BackgroundIn developing countries, Schistosoma mansoni is one of the chronic but neglected tropical diseases. In sub-Saharan Africa, the disease affects over 250 million people with nearly 800 million are at risk. In Ethiopia, Schistosoma mansoni is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and identify the determinant factors of Schistosoma mansoni, in terms of some socio-demographic variables and risk factors.MethodsA cross-sectional parasitological survey was conducted at Sanja health center, northwest Ethiopia from June 1 to June 30, 2015. A total of 228 study participants were included in the study. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Stool specimens were collected and examined using Kato-Katz methods. Structural questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographic variables and risk factors by face to face interviews. The major risk factors and demographic determinants of the infection status of Schistosoma mansoni were identified by using descriptive and ordinal logistic regression techniques.ResultsThe overall prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni was 16.67% (95%CI: 11.83–21.51%). Covariates such as no habit of swimming in rivers has lower risk (AOR = 0.022: 95%CI: 0.011–0.764), no frequency of swimming in rivers (AOR = 0.022: 95%CI: 0.0024–0.207), and 1 to 2 frequency of swimming (OR = 0.302: 95%CI: 0.097–0.941), washing clothes in rivers (AOR = 0.194: 95%CI: 0.046–0.0.811) and bathing in the river (AOR = 0.09: 95%CI: 0.010–0.815) were the most important determinant factors (P-value < 0.5) of Schistosoma mansoni in Sanja health center.ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni was found to be high. Swimming habits, frequency of swimming, washing clothes, and bathing in rivers were found to be significant predictors of Schistosoma mansoni. Provisions of a safe water supply in the area and health education about the transmission of the Schistosoma mansoni infection are required.
Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2020
Background Human schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases caused by Schistosoma mansoni. Children in the developing countries live in areas with poor sanitation and most often spend time swimming or bathing in the water bodies contaminated with cercariae, the infective stages of schistosomiasis, which results in growth retardation and poor school performance. Thus, having effective control of the disease requires assessment of prevalence and risk factors. Objective This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of S. mansoni and its associated factors among primary schoolchildren in Wondo district, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out between January and March 2018. Stool samples from 298 schoolchildren, who were selected by simple random sampling, were examined for the ova of S. mansoni using Kato–Katz technique. Information on sociodemographic factors and other risk factors was obtained using questionnaires. The data were cleaned, coded, and entered into SPSS 22.0 statistical software and analyzed. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with S. mansoni infection. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated, and the level of significance was declared at p values of less than 0.05. The result was presented using tables, figures, and text form. Result A total of 298 study participants were involved in this study resulting in a response rate of 96.4% (298/309). The prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 11.4% (34/298). The prevalence was 8% (12/140) among males while it was 13% (22/158) among females. Swimming in rivers or ponds (AOR: 9.592; 95% CI: 1.972–46.655; P=0.005), latrine availability at household level (AOR: 0.075; 95% CI: 0.13–0.422; P=0.003), and awareness about schistosomiasis (AOR: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.004–0.409; P=0.007) were the factors independently associated with S. mansoni infection at p value < 0.05. Conclusion The prevalence of S. mansoni was moderate as per the World Health Organization standard, since it was in the range of 10%–50%. This implies that schistosomiasis is still among major health problems. Thus, intensified effort is needed to address risk factors contributing to infection and control disease. Additionally, biannual mass drug administration with praziquantel is required according to the WHO standard.