Impacts of bioclimates, cropping systems, land use and management on the cultural microbial population in black soil regions of India (original) (raw)
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Comprehensive reports on land-use changes and their impact on soil biological properties, specifically microbial population in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, are lacking. Since IGP is the most fertile land, data on microbial population of IGP may contribute towards the evaluation of various soil quality parameters, disease suppression, organic matter decomposition, plant growth promotion and soil management pattern. To enhance our knowledge on culturable microbial populations in different soil horizons of the agro-ecological sub-regions (AESRs) in the IGP, a study has been undertaken to collect soil samples from the established benchmark (BM) spots of these plains with an objective to investigate the impacts of bioclimates, soil depth, cropping systems, land use systems and management practices on the distribution of culturable microbial population. Bacterial : fungal ratios are significantly different across the land use types. The bacterial and fungal populations are strongly and negatively correlated with soil depth and maximum microbial population (40%) exists in the surface horizon (0-30 cm) than in the subsurface horizon (121-150 cm). Generally, bacterial populations are higher than actinomycetes and fungal populations in all soil profiles of the IGP. Approximately 10% decrease in Shannon diversity index has been observed with increase of 30 cm depth and 89% fall between surface and subsurface profiles. Non-significant difference in microbial population (P < 0.05) is noticed across the management and land use systems. Sub-humid (moist) bioclimatic system recorded higher microbial population than sub-humid (dry) and semi-arid bioclimatic systems. Legume-based cropping system has higher microbial population than cereal or vegetable-based cropping.
Microbial biomass carbon in agro-ecological sub regions of black soil in India
Academy of Sciences, India. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".
Sustainability
Due to the shifting course of the Brahmaputra River, the fluvial landforms of the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam, India, are prone to changes in landform and land use. For sustainable soil management under such conditions, it is crucial to have information about soil physicochemical and biological properties for different land uses. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial population across five major land uses under different landforms, such as paddy fields, banana systems, and arecanut cultivations in the alluvial plains; and rubber plantations and sal forests in the uplands, with varying slope gradients and soil depths (0–25 cm and 25–50 cm) in the lower Brahmaputra Valley. The results of the analysis of variance revealed that the effects of different landforms and land uses were found to be statistically significant on very labile soil organic carbon (VLSOC), available K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu, and soil moistur...
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2021
The study was carried out at Forestry Research Farm, CCSHAU, Hisar to assess the effect of agri-silvi-horticultural system, i.e. on different soil microbial properties. Surface soil (0-15 cm) samples were collected randomly and then these samples were immediately used for analyzing potentially mineralizable nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity and urease activity under 3 treatments (5 replications), i.e. control (wheat), Kinnow + wheat and Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat. Significant improvement in soil biological properties was observed under tree-based system as all biological properties were recorded highest in Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat system followed by Kinnow + wheat as compared to control. Dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher under Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat (69.3 and 33.8%) followed by Kinnow + wheat (39.6 and 12.2%) over control. Similarly, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and urease activity were observed to be higher under Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat (50.3 and 31.9%) followed by Kinnow + wheat (28.9 and 12.3%) over control. A linear positive regression relationship was observed among organic carbon vs. microbial biomass carbon. The coefficient of determination for organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon explained variability of 98.3%. The result of the study showed that tree-based agroforestry system can significantly increase the soil biological properties. Based on the present study, it was suggested that soil microbiological activities can be enhanced by adopting agroforestry or tree-based system.
Phytopathology, 2020
An attempt was made at ICAR RCER, Research Centre, Ranchi to study the microbial population in soil in an already established 4 years old silvi-horti-agricultural system during 2018-2019. The study was laid out in split plot design with four treatments and four replications. Results revealed that the microbial population was significantly affected under different systems due to the presence of filler crops and the agricultural crops under different silvi-horti-agricultural system. The maximum number of fungal colonies and bacterial cells were observed under all silvi-horti-agricultural systems in comparison to the fallow/sole crop system. Among the different silvi-horti-agricultural system, mango + mahogany + peach system has the highest value. The highest dehydrogenase activity was recorded in mango + mahogany + peach system (11.25 micro gram TPF 24 hr-1 gm-1).
Microbial Diversity & their Properties inSemi Arid Barren Soils of North Gujarat
Research and reviews in biosciences, 2011
Semi-arid barren soils of North Gujarat region, clayey loamin nature, were collected and analyzed for their physical, chemical properties and also for microbial diversity. Results showed great variety in soilmicrobial diversity with physiochemical properties. The bacterial flora is described by total count & total Biomass (C & N) distribution in different soil layer. Total number of microorganisms is not related to geographic or internal soil patterns but to content of organicmatter (C&N). Distributions of bacterial community shows individual patterns of soil profiles and are not related to overall geographic patterns.
Soil is an important component of the earth’s system, functioning not only for the production of food, fodder and fibre but also in the maintenance of local and regional environmental quality. In the present study attempt has been made to study culturable bacteria in soil and its relation with soil parameters such as electrical conductivity, pH, and percentage of organic compound and total nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Soil samples were found to be of neutral pH, low salinity, high nitrogen, low organic carbon, range of phosphorus and potassium from medium to high. Site LP2 showed maximum number of bacterial colonies. Potassium content in soil was found to be high.
Microbial Biomass Carbon Status in Agro-Ecological Sub Regions of Black Soils in India
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2013
Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by The National Academy of Sciences, India. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences
Present field experiment was conducted at the Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India in a clayey soil (Typic Haplusterts) under soybean (Glycine max, cv. JS 335) wheat (Triticum durum, cv. HI 8498) cropping system in a randomized block design with seven treatments in four replications to study the changes in soil fungal, bacterial and actinomycetes population; and resultant enzymatic activities in soil under organic, biodynamic and conventional agriculture management. The results of study revealed that, the soil microbial population (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes), soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass carbon were found in the order of organic > conventional ≥ biodynamic agriculture. The organic agriculture registered 27-102% and 28-111% higher enzymatic activities than conventional and biodynamic agriculture, respectively. Similarly, soil microbial biomass carbon was found 30-45% and 33-42% higher under organic agriculture management as compared to conventional and biodynamic agriculture management, respectively. No significant effect of biodynamic agriculture management on soil microbial properties was observed.
The Sundarbans are the largest and unique wetland mangrove ecological niches in the world which support different microbes, recycle the nutrients and perform various environmental activities. Analysis of the soil microbial diversity from this ecosystem would help in isolation of potent microorganisms having high specificity for various applications. Therefore, microbial analysis in the soils of five locations namely Bakkhali, Henry's Island, Patharpratima, Purba Amarabati, Namkhana of the Sundarbans, West Bengal was undertaken. The population dynamics (cfu/g dr. soil) of the aerobic heterotrophic (4.4-7.5 ×10 6), spore forming (2.6-5.4 ×10 4), nitrifying (3.7-5.4 ×10 3), gram (-)ve (3.3-6.1 ×10 3), phosphate solubilizing (1.9-3.6×10 3) and nitrogen fixing bacteria(2.1-3.9×10 3) were variable in different soils. Population of different bacterial groups were higher in Bakkhali due to more organic carbon level than the other areas and lower in Purba Amarabati due to its lower organic carbon and water holding capacity. Soil physico-chemical properties like soil pH (6-7.8), organic carbon (0.39-0.79%), nitrogen (5.2-8.1), phosphorus (6.1-9.2) and potassium (3.8-6.2) were also higher in Bakkhali.