Triple test cross analysis in F2 populations of four barley crosses (original) (raw)
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Triple test cross analysis in first backcross populations of four wheat crosses
The Journal of Agricultural Science, 1978
SUMMARYThe triple test cross analysis (Kearsey & Jinks, 1968; Jinks & Perkins, 1970) was used to detect and estimate the additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variation for four metric traits, namely, final plant height, number of spikelets per spike, 100-kernel weight and yield per plant, in the first backcross populations of four wheat crosses (Norteno 67 α Moti, Sonalika α Moti, Kalyan Sona α Sonalika and Kalyan Sona × NP 876). Epistasis was a more important component of variation for final plant height and yield per plant than for number of spikelets per spike and 100-kernel weight. On the other hand, the additive component was highly significant for all four characters in all eight backcrosses.
Study_on_Genotypic_Response_and_Correlation_Analys.pdf
Barley, being a tremendous opportunities crop, we are far back regarding study, research and utilization. An experiment was conducted 2014-2015 to evaluate the barley genotypes for their yield attributing traits and correlation and causation. Eleven yield contributing traits viz., days to booting, heading and flowering; peduncle length, spike length, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf-1 area, thousand grain weight, biological weight and yield per hectare were recorded. High significant variation among genotypes was found for traits under study. Genotypes SBYT3-13#1115 (1960 kg), 14-SB-NAK-MR#17 (1760 kg) and AM POP#26 (1660 kg) were found to be superior for their per se performance based on grain yield per hectare, yield attributing and other quantitative traits. Thousand grains weight (0.333) had positively highest significant correlation with grain yield per hectare followed by spike length (0.310). Grain yield per hectare showed negative highly significant correlation with days to flowering (-0.796) followed by days to heading (-0.761) and days to booting (-0.663). Peduncle length (0.229), plant height (0.226), biological weight (0.181) and flag leaf area (0.032) were positively correlated with grain yield per hectare while flag leaf-1 area(-0.029) was negatively correlated. Thus, selection for genotypes with higher thousand grain weight and spike length accommodating earlier days to flowering, heading and booting is a prerequisite for attaining improvement in grain yield per hectare.
In order to estimate the gene effects in the inheritance of the plant height, five winter wheat genotypes (Pobeda, Renesansa, Sara, Partizanka and Pesma) were selected. The above mentioned genotypes were diallel crossed and F1, F2, and Fbc1 were obtained. The gene effects were estimated on the basis of generation mean analysis, using an additive-dominant model with three and six-parameters (Mather and Jinks, 1982). The adequacy of the additive-dominance model with three-parameters was tested using the Scaling-test and Chi-square (χ2) test. In the most crosses the value of the dominant gene effect was more significant than additive. The three-parameter model was adequate for the three crossing combination: Pobeda/Pesma, Renesansa/Pesma and Sara/Pesma. In the remaining crossing combinations tests showed the presence of epistatic effect which suggested that three-parameter model was not adequate. The application of six-parameter models was fitted for explaining genetic variation for the plant height and indicated the presence of various epistatic effects. The inheritance of the plant height was influenced by additive×additive and dominance×dominance type of non-allelic interactions. Duplicate gene interactions were also seen functioning in controlling plant height in most crosses. The best fit model indicated a very similar gene effects which were presented by a model with six-parameters. Epistasis played a considerable role in controlling plant height of wheat which revealed that epistatic gene effect cannot be ignored in establishing a breeding program to improve wheat populations for this trait. Keywords: wheat, plant height, gene effects.
Iran Agricultural Research, 2016
ABSTRACT- Barley (Hordeumvulgare L.) is one of the most important cereals in the world which is used as human and cattle feed and for malt production. One of the most important steps in a hybrid and selection breeding program of barley is the selection of suitable parents with high general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for grain yield. In order to estimate the combining ability and heterosis in barley for a number of qualitative traits, seven genotypes were crossed in one-way diallel crosses using Griffing (Method II). Grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, number of spikelet, plant height, spike length, peduncle length, days to physiological maturity, and spikelet density were measured. Results of variance analysis showed that there were very significant differences between genotypes for all the measured traits. General combining ability (GCA) effect was significant for all traits, 166/352 genotype had the highest value of GCA ...
Triple test cross analysis in two wheat crosses
Heredity, 1976
Modified triple test cross analysis described by Jinks and Perkins (1970) has been applied to the study of additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variance for five metric traits, namely final plant height, ear length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain yield per plant, in two wheat crosses (Kalyan Sona x Norteno 67 and Norteno 67 x WL 212). The results of the analysis reveal that the epistatic component is an important element in both the crosses for all the five characters.
ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SOME BARLEY GENOTYPES
This investigation was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Egypt during the two growing seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/011). Four lines and three testers were used to develop barley hybrids for yield and its components. Through this study, general and specific combining ability, genetic parameters, heritability and genetic advance from selection were studied for plant height, spike length, no. of spikes/plant, no. of grains/spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield/plant. Data revealed that most of the variance due to the lines, testers and line x testers were highly significant for most studied traits. On the other hand, positive and negative heterosis over better parent and mid-parent were detected for most traits indicating that parental genotypes were genetically diverse. Potence ratio estimates showed partial and over dominance in most traits. The parents L 4 considered as good combiners for plant height, no. of grains/spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield/plant. Also, the parent L 3 is considered as good combiner for spike length, no. of spikes/plant, no. of grains/spike and grain yield/plant. Heritability in broad sense values were found to be high in magnitude for most of the studied characters on the other side, heritability in narrow sense were found to be low to moderate of these traits. From the results, it could be concluded that the two crosses: (L 1 x T 3 ) and (L 3 x T 3 ) are the best for yield and most of its components. So using these crosses in breeding programs for high yielding production would be useful.
Genetic analyses were performed to uncover the supremacy of additive, dominance and epistasis genetic variances following triple test cross analysis involving three testers (P1, P2 and F1) and four lines of rice. Epistasis was found to be an integral part of genetic variation for days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers per plant and yield per plant. The partitioning of total epistasis revealed that i type (additive x additive) were highly significant for days to flowering whilst j and l type (additive x dominance and dominance x dominance) were important for plant height with predominant effect of i type interaction. j and l type epistasis also played significant role in the inheritance of number of tiller per plant and yield per plant respectively. The additive and dominance effects were highly significant for number of grains per panicle and grain weight per panicle with the exception of 1000-grain weight where dominance effects were non-significant coupled with highly ...
Quantitative inheritance of some wheat plant traits
Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2004
The objective of this study was to estimate gene effects and genetic variability for some quantitative traits of two winter wheat crosses (Soissons/Zitarka and Soissons/Sana) by generation mean analysis. In most cases a digenic epistatic model was sufficient to explain variation in generation means. The additive-dominance model was adequate for plant height and grain weight per spike of the longest culm. In two cases (grain yield per plant and single grain weight) these models failed to explain variation in generation means, implying the presence of higher order interactions or interactions between linked loci. Dominance effects and additive x additive epistasis were more important than additive effects and other epistatic components. Only complementary type epistasis was observed.