Migration and Development in Post-Totalitarian Argentina (original) (raw)

“State-led Transnationalism and Migration. Reaching out to the Argentine Community in Spain,” Global Networks. A Journal of Transnational Affairs, 7 (1), January, pp. 87-106.

Global Networks-a Journal of Transnational Affairs, 2007

Abstract This article focuses on when and how states develop transnational policies. It presents a case study of a relatively small emigrant community, whose departure was not simply caused by poverty or crisis, but most recently by an economic and political debacle that questioned people's values and expectations. I focus on the state side of the equation and identify a shift in Argentina's policy after 2003, though also show how such policies came out of a long history of state intervention in population and migration and are now related to human rights concerns and the unfinished process of democratic consolidation. I argue that the state initiates political transnationalism, not migrants, and highlight the importance of some relatively unexplored factors in the understanding of the motivation, intensity and impact of the state's involvement, such as the characteristics of the emigrant community, the existence of specific political projects, the role of some domestic actors and processes, and the nature of international agreements.

Migration and Development in Southern Europe and South America

2022

This book explores the linkages between Southern Europe and South America in the post-World War II period, through organized migration and development policies. In the postwar period, regulated migration was widely considered in the West as a route to development and modernization. Southern European and Latin American countries shared this hegemonic view and adopted similar policies, strategies, and patterns, which also served to promote their integration into the Western bloc. This book showcases how overpopulated Southern European countries viewed emigration as a solution for high unemployment and poverty, whereas huge and underpopulated South American developing countries such as Brazil and Argentina looked at skilled European immigrants as a solution to their deficiencies in qualified human resources. By investigating the transnational dynamics, range, and limitations of the ensuing migration flows between Southern Europe and Southern America during the 1950s and 1960s, this book sheds light on post-World War II migration-development nexus strategies and their impact in the peripheral areas of the Western bloc. Whereas many migration studies focus on single countries, the impressive scope of this book will make it an invaluable resource for researchers of the history of migration, development, international relations, as well as Southern Europe and South America.

A Critical Thought about the Theoretical Approaches to Migration Policies and Argentine Experience

Open Journal of Social Sciences

This paper presents a critical thought about the design of the most important components of the Argentine migration policies from 2004-2015, together with the main theoretical approaches which emerged from the different disciplines of the social sciences. This paper shows the growing diversity of data and processes related to the definition of migration policies and the need of analyzing the topics from the perspective of International Relations discipline.

Development Cycles, Political Regimes and International Migration: Argentina in the Twentieth Century

Poverty, International Migration and Asylum, 2005

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Migration, Race and Nationhood in Argentina

Argentina has been a country of immigration since the Republican period. Moreover, migration has played a key role in the construction of Argentinian nationhood. This paper traces migration policies and official accounts of migration from the nineteenth century to the present day in order to analyse the role of migration in nation-making. We argue that migration policies and official accounts of migration have changed significantly over the last 150 years. Yet, at least until the most recent migration policy reforms, these changing representations of migrants indicated major continuities of nationhood, namely, the persistent construction of Argentina as a white nation of European descendants. By tracing changes in migration policies and discourses then and now, this article addresses the relative absence of comparative works linking ‘new’ and ‘old’ migrations in Argentina. The article also shows how a historical perspective on migration continues to be relevant for understanding the experiences of contemporary migrants. The final section identifies recent changes in migration policy and discusses whether they indicate a radical departure from previous understandings of nationhood.

Migration and Development Transition. A Perspective from Latin America

Routdledge Handbook of Migration and Development, 2020

In this chapter, we trace the political, economic, and social links that migration has had with the concept of development in Latin America from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century. In order to narrate this debate, we have structured our reflections into four sections that cover the changes in the ideological make-up of the relationship between these two terms. These sections cover from 1850 to 1950 (‘Fantasies of Progress’), from 1950 to 1985 (The Development Era), from 1985 to 2008 (Globalised and Transnational), and from 2016 onwards (The Adversities of Post-globalisation). In each section we will seek to characterise the socio-political contexts and the more general economic processes that frame migrations in, from, and to Latin America. However, we will focus on the semantic changes that have attributed socially contradictory, heterogeneous, and disputed meanings to the concepts of migration and development.

Shifts in the European Discourses on Migration and Development

Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 2005

The issue of migration and development is currently high on the agenda of both development agencies and research institutes in several European countries. It used to be discussed during the 1960/1970s within a framework which, among others, comprised push-and pull factors in migration, brain drain, remittances and return migration. Its return on the development agenda occurs within the context of European post-modern societies, globalization and transnationalism. Key notions now are remittances and foreign direct investment, knowledge transfer, brain gain, transnational entrepreneurship and diasporas. This paper aims to explain the shifts in paradigms and discourses, with reference to the European Union, and particularly in the Netherlands and Germany. Research efforts and policy documents were scrutinized to trace the shifts in discourses. Moreover, the role of different actors in the debate -government agencies, migrant organizations, development funding agencies, and research ins...

The migration–development nexus in Argentina's post–World War II policies

Migration and Development in Southern Europe and South America, 2022

Argentina has a rich history in matters of migration policies. Until the 1920s it was a "typical" receiving country, with an open-door migration policy: from 1870 to the beginning of World War I it had welcomed about 2.5 million European immigrants, mostly Italian and Spanish. In the 1930s the global crisis along with governmental restrictive policies on immigration, which were based on ethnic and racial considerations, resulted in a limited inflow of immigrants. In the immediate post-World War II era, Argentina once again became a desirable destination for large groups of European immigrants forced to abandon their countries due to economic strife and political upheaval. Between 1946 and 1951, the period of Peron's first government, more than half a million immigrants arrived in the country.