Silver Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Seed Germination and Physiology in Brassica juncea L. (Indian Mustard) Plant (original) (raw)
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Advanced Science Letters, 2014
The rapid production and application of nanoparticles (NPs) have resulted in substantial release of nanosized particles into the environment. Nanoparticles (NPs) is being used in several products including food and agriculture sectors, is gaining importance in recent years. The antimicrobial properties of silver have made it as major ingredient in several agricultural products. Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) is one of the most widely used NP in biological research due to their antimicrobial properties and do not produce any adverse effects on plants.
Inspite of very wide application of different types of nanoparticles in different commercial fields including pharmaceutical and food industries, the toxic effects of these nanoparticles on living systems have not been clearly established. Increased applications of nanoparticles by human beings lead to accumulation of more and more nanoparticles in the environment which ultimately affect the ecosystem. The current study focused on phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to V.radiata and B.campestris crop plants. Effect on seedling growth by nanoparticles is comparatively more than ions solution during treatment period. The test plants exposed to nanoparticle shows that the average particle size was about 25.3 nm which was determined by X-Ray Diffractions spectrophotometer. In addition, result from Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer reported no change in chemical composition on the basis of vibrations of functional group of molecules in treated root samples. However, Scanning Electron Microscope images revealed depositions of isolated small and spherical nanoparticles in root cells. The nanoparticles appeared to be either filling the epidermal crypt or adhering onto the root surface of test plants.
Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Seed Germination of Crop Plants
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE, 2015
Engineered nanomaterials have increased for their positive impact in improving many sectors of economy including agriculture. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been implicated nowadays to enhance seed germination, plant growth, improvement of photosynthetic quantum efficiency and as antimicrobial agents to manage plant diseases. In this study, we examined effect of AgNPs dosage on seed germination of three plant species; corn (Zea mays L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). Therefore, this experiment designed to study the effect of AgNPs on germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, root length, fresh and dry weight of seedling for the three spices. Seven concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg/L) of AgNPs were examined at seed germination stage. The results showed that the three spices revealed different dosage response to AgNPs on germination percentage and the measured growth characters. Ge...
Chemosphere, 2012
Understanding some adverse effects of nanoparticles in edible crop plants is a matter of importance because nanoparticles are often released into soil environments. We investigated the phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the important crop plants, Phaseolus radiatus and Sorghum bicolor. The silver nanoparticles were selected for this study because of their OECD designation as a priority nanomaterial. The toxicity and bioavailability of AgNPs in the crop plant species P. radiatus and S. bicolor were evaluated in both agar and soil media. The seedling growth of test species was adversely affected by exposure to AgNPs. We found evidence of nanoparticle uptake by plants using electron microscopic studies. In the agar tests, P. radiatus and S. bicolor showed a concentration dependent-growth inhibition effect. Measurements of the growth rate of P. radiatus were not affected in the soil studies by impediment within the concentrations tested herein. Bioavailability of nanoparticles was reduced in the soil, and the dissolved silver ion effect also differed in the soil as compared to the agar. The properties of nanoparticles have been shown to change in soil, so this phenomenon has been attributed to the reduced toxicity of AgNPs to plants in soil medium. The application of nanoparticles in soil is a matter of great importance to elucidate the terrestrial toxicity of nanoparticles.
EFFECT OF BIOSYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON MORPHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HOST
Phytotoxicity is an important aspects of nanoparticles in relation to the environment and plants. Here, we report on the effects of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from Trichoderma asperellum on the development of Mustard, Chili, and French bean. Four toxicity indicators (seed germination, root and shoot length Chlorophyll content and Lipid peroxidation) were quantified following exposure to each nanoparticle at a concentrationof 1000ppm, 500ppm, 100ppm, 50ppm, 20ppm, 10ppm, 7ppm, 5ppm, 3ppm, 1ppm and carbendazim @0.3%. Results showed that silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 100 ppm and 50ppm effective in increasing all the growth parameters of the crops as compared to other concentration and carbendazim whereas it showed detrimental effects at a concentration of 1000ppm.
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018
Background: The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for their antimicrobial activity against several pathogens. The AgNPs might entered into the environment that could adversely affect the herbs and plants. Purpose: The purpose of the undertaken study was to synthesize AgNPs from Vitex negundo leaf extract and evaluate their effects on different growth parameters of Cassia occidentalis. Methods: The AgNPs were synthesized by treating silver nitrate solution with aqueous solution of Vitex nigundo leaves extract. AgNPs were characterized by the analysis of UV-Visible absorptions spectra. The phytotoxic effects of these synthesized AgNPs on seed germination, shoot and root lengths, fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings and leaf surface area of Cassia occidentalis was evaluated in presterilized petri dishes exposed to different concentration of AgNPs. Results: The AgNPs from Vitex nigundo leaves extract were successfully synthesized and characterized. The results indicated that ex...
2019
Silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) is one of the most widely used nanoparticles in consumer products due to its antimicrobial properties. The wide usage of Ag NPs has led to their increased release into the environment and it may affect plants physiological and biochemical functions. Therefore, this study has been performed to reveal the dose-dependent (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 20 ppm) effects of 10-nm-sized Ag NPs on wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) roots after 15 d, correlating with the appearance of various biochemical and physiological stress responses. The effects of Ag NPs were examined using different experiment such as root elongation, uptake of Ag NPs, TEM analysis, lignin accumulation, callose deposition, H 2 O 2 content, lipid peroxidation, activities of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. The result showed that 10 nm-sized Ag NPs caused the inhibition of root elongation over 5 ppm, dose-dependent accumulation of Ag + , ultrastructural changes, lignin accumulation, callose depositi...
Biochemical changes in sunflower plant exposed to silver nanoparticles / silver ions
SDRP Journal of Food Science & Technology
When soil is contaminated with silver (Ag), plants take up Ag and is concentrated in roots and leaves, with its effects reflected in crop health and yield. This study investigated the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nitrate (AgNO 3 as Ag +) to sunflower seeds grown in soils amended with 150 mg/kg of Ag either as AgNPs or AgNO 3. Exposure of the sunflower seeds to soils amended with Ag increased plant lipid peroxidation, activities of antioxidants enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase), peroxidases (glutathione peroxidase pyrogallol peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase), oxidases (ascorbate oxidase), urease, total phenolic compounds, vitamins (retinols, alpha-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid) but inhibited chlorophyll, total carotenoids, total soluble carbohydrates, phenolic compounds and total soluble proteins. In general, AgNO 3 increased the above-mentioned parameters in sunflower more than did AgNPs, except for the tested vitamins, which were more affected by AgNPs. The results showed that Ag accumulation in the root > leaf > stem and human food security risk is enhanced in sunflower seeds exposed to Ag compounds.
Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2013
Silver nanoparticles have mainly been studied for their antimicrobial potential against bacteria, but have also proven to be active against several types of viruses, even against pebrine as well. Methods: Petri dishes and transmission electronic microscope were applied to observe silver nanoparticles against bacteria strains and nuclear polyhedral viruses (NPV) and cytoplasmic polyhedral viruses (CPV). For biological test, 10 8 CFU/mL NPV with strong pathogenicity, and the NPV samples treated with 1:100 ratio of "Sumerian Silver" for 8 hrs were sprayed on the mulberry leaves, respectively, for silkworm rearing. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticle solution showed a strong bactericidal effect against both G + and G − bacterial pathogenic strains from Bombyx mori and mulberry. Under transmission electronic microscope (TEM), Bacillus sp. Samples showed light particles in the cells when treated with silver nanoparticles, in contrast, untreated samples showed homogeneity contents. Further, NPV particles showed no significant differences between treated and untreated samples, but CPV showed strong effects that almost all CPV were collapsed. For biological test, "Sumerian Silver" treated NPV showed no diseased silkworm but nearly all silkworms were dead with no treatment. It seems like that silver nanoparticles were proved to be more effective against CPV than that of NPV. The significant differences between two antivirus or virucidal mechanism should be greatly aroused the scientific interest.