Hans J. Reichhardt and Wolfgang Schäche. Von Berlin nach Germania: Über die Zerstörungen der 'Reichshauptstadt' durch Albert Speers Neugestaltungsplanungen. Berlin: Transit, 2005. In: The Germanic Review Spring (2006) (original) (raw)

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This study provides a critical examination of Albert Speer's urban redesign plans for Berlin during the Nazi regime, arguing that extensive destruction linked to Allied bombing was, in fact, largely a result of Speer's systematic clearing for Hitler's envisioned capital. It highlights how this architectural transformation facilitated racial, historical, and economic goals, revealing a complex interplay of grand architectural vision and a grim reality that included the eradication of Jewish communities. By analyzing Speer's designs, set against historical contexts and previous architectural paradigms, the paper offers insights into the ideological underpinnings of Nazi monumentalism and its socio-political implications.

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Reconciling the past: confrontation with the national-socialist realities as reflected by the architecture of Berlin

Is the way the German people dealt with architecture - belonging to the former totalitarian regime - a reflection of grief, or a way to dissociate and forget the past ? Can the five stages of grief, as defined in the field of psychology, be traced through the actions of the German people towards the remaining architecture of the former political regime, or do the contradictory opinions regarding these remaining architectural objects render this process impossible ? Are memorials places of perpetual remembrance, or just civilized and polite manners of dissociating from the past in order to forget ? National Socialist ambitions and ideals are visible in the architecture it produced and left behind. Power is best reflected in the drastic urban measures planned for the capital city and in the scale of the architectural objects proposed for its development. The political regime has left behind buildings burdened with memory of past crimes and suffering. • There is a great quantity of scientific literature discussing the link between space, perception and psychology, as well as the influence these factors bear upon each-other. The way architectural remnants of the former political regime were dealt with mirrors the social events, the spirit of the epoch and the general point of view towards the events symbolized by this unwanted architecture. The five stages of grief, as defined by the American Psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross in her 1969 work “On death and dying” are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Since the publishing of her book, the five stages of grief have been identified by modern psychologists in other situations. The paper will trace down the five stages of grief as reflected by the German people’s actions on architecture of the Third Reich.

Demystifying Hitler’s Favorite Architect. Review of: Magnus Brechtken, Albert Speer. Eine deutsche Karriere

Architectural Histories, 2018

Albert Speer (1905–1981) undoubtedly occupies a special position in architectural history; his biography differs from that of all other 20th-century architects. The importance we attribute to him today is due not primarily to his work as an architect but to his role as one of the leading protagonists of the National Socialist regime, about which he spoke as a firsthand witness after World War II. The new, comprehensive, modestly illustrated biography Albert Speer. Eine deutsche Karriere, is by Magnus Brechtken, the deputy director of the Munich Institut für Zeitgeschichte and a professor at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität. Magnus Brechtken has produced a superbly researched and brilliantly written biography. Thanks to intensive use of archival material, he not only succeeds in unmasking the remaining myths about Albert Speer, but also in deconstructing the disastrous influence of the Speer memoirs and biographies. One can only hope that more architectural historians will follow Brechtken’s methodological example and pursue a similarly critical approach. He sets standards not only for critically investigating an architect’s life and work from a contemporary ‘Täterforschung’ perspective; his biography also is an important lesson in critically revising architectural history, especially oral history, by scrutinizing memoirs and self-portrayals.

AN OVERVIEW TO URBAN STRUCTURE IN BERLIN AFTER WORLD WAR II

The concept of city has had various contents throughout the history. That multidisciplinary concept is considered in political and social integrity. Wars are one of the factors that affect that integrity and consequently the city. This paper examines the urban structure in Berlin after the World War II. Although there are many political and economic reasons, the biggest cause of the World War II is shown that the political fascist parties that emerged in Germany and Italy after World War I took power and carried out aggressive political and military policies. World War II, one of the most tragic events experienced by humanity, has affected the cities which are lived. Berlin is one of the cities that literally ruined during the war and which determined the course of war. The development of Berlin is as continuous as in many cities of the world. In this development, I will examine the post-war city and Cold War Period even though there are no exact boundaries. While examining the urban structure of Berlin, I will evaluate the city of Berlin, in other words, the journey of the divided city to the global city. Also, this paper aims to analyze the process of the Berlin Wall, which is the symbol of urban identity and spatial memory for the city of Berlin. Keywords: Urban structure, World War II Period, Cold War Period, divided city, Berlin.

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