Size-dependent concentrations of trace metals in four Mediterranean gastropods (original) (raw)
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Environmental Problems in Coastal Regions VI, 2006
Monodonta turbinata B. and Patella caerulea L. were evaluated as possible biomonitors of trace metal contamination in marine coastal areas. These species are marine gastropod molluscs; they are distributed in all coastal areas of the Mediterranean sea and are easy to identify and available all year round. They have the necessary prerequisites for use as biomonitors. The first aim of this preliminary survey is to evaluate the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn present in soft tissues of the selected species. Samples were collected in the tidal zone (1-2 meters depth) in a possible reference ecosystem (Linosa island, Sicily, Italy). Five coastal stations were selected according to the species availability. The second purpose was to establish the validity of these two gastropod species as bioaccumulators. The station number 4 (Pozzolana di Ponente) is the only site in Italy where the sea turtle Caretta caretta, annually deposes her eggs; thus this station is of a particular ecological relevance. In order to test the bioaccumulation capabilities of these biomonitors seawater samples were collected in each site to assess soluble metal concentrations and then CFs. Seawater samples were collected appropriately in a 6-month period of sampling in the selected stations. Statistical multivariate analyses, PCA, were applied to test the differences between metal concentrations in different sites and species. Results showed high results (CFs) with respect to the concentrations in marine waters (soluble fraction). This confirmed the suitability of these species for biomonitoring purposes. PCA analysis showed clearly two separated patterns of bioaccumulation (i.e. Patella and Monodonta) and no significant differences (p = 0.05) for trace metal accumulation were obtained between the studied sites. This finding agrees with the hypothesis of this island as reference ecosystem for intraspecific comparison within Tyrrhenian areas.
Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, 2019
A total of six trace metal elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni) were analyzed in the green algae Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus, 1753) and in the tissues of three gastropods: Stramonita hemastomas (Linnaeus, 1766), Phorcus turbinatus (Born 1778) and the limpet Patella caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758)sampled from four stations located along the coastal areas of eastern Algeria (North-Eastern Mediterranean Sea). Data were processed through multivariate approaches such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) on PCA factors. The results obtained showed a very heterogeneous distribution of pollutants. Highly significant correlations were determined for the different species studied, depending on heavy metals, stations and seasons. In green algae, U. lactuca has been associated with higher levels of Ni, Cr and Zn in the sampling station 'St.T', while an accumulation of Pb and Cu was detected in St.2. Cr was significantly higher in St.3. In winter and spring, mol-lusks had the highest contamination levels. Monodonta and Patella in the stations St.1, St.2 and St.3 showed higher contents in Ni, Zn and Cu, respectively. In addition, Thais and Patella in stations St.T and St.3had a higher contamination with Pb, Crand Cd, respectively. Statistical comparison was performed using the non-parametric Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. This work confirms that U. lactuca, S. haemastoma, P. turbinatus and P. caerulea are good biomonitoring tools of trace metal contamination in Mediterranean marine areas
Size dependent metal concentrations in two marine gastropod species
Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology, 1994
The effect of size on the accumulation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Fe and Zn in the muscle and viscera of the gastropods Monodonta turbinata and Cerithium vulgatum was investigated. The concentration of the essential metals Cr, Mn and Ni and the non-essential metal Cd decreased with increasing size in both of the species and tissues. The concentration of the essential metals Cu, Fe and Zn, showed a less constant relation with size.
Seasonal Variation of Heavy Metals in the Intertidal Gastropod Trochus radiatus of Gulf of Mannar
Open Journal of Marine Science
Heavy metals are considered to be the most common environmental pollutants in waters and biota; that indicate presence of effluents associated with industrial and domestic sources. The present study aimed to evaluate the trace metal accumulation (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pd and Ni) in the tissue of radiate top shell, the sediment and water samples collected from the Hare Island, Tuticorin, during May 2015 to April 2016. During the study, the metal accumulation in the Water, Sediment and Tissue were in the order of Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd; Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cd; Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Pb > Ni respectively. The concentration of Fe dominated in the sediment and tissue sample throughout the study period. Elevated levels of trace metals especially Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn was observed during October to December, i.e., during the northeast monsoon in all the samples. One way ANOVA indicated statistically no significant difference (p > 0.01) in the variation of Fe, Mn and Ni within the samples.
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in freshwater snails in relation to lining of water courses in Egypt
Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research, 2016
The present study was aimed to determine the heavy metal concentrations in whole body of fresh water snails in relation to lining of water courses in two governorates (Behaira (Nubaria) and Giza) Through four successive seasons from Septemper 2013, to October 2014. The obtained results indicated that the electrical conductivity (EC) and iron metal (Fe) showed the highest values and generally the physicochemical measurements indicated that no significant difference between the two tested habitats, however, the conductivity of water in lined water bodies was lower than those of unlined ones. The present study recorded 14 species of snails belonging to class Gastropoda; these species belonged to Pulmonate and Prosobranch snails. The density of all recorded Pulmonate snails in lined sites were lower than those in unlined ones. On the other hand, the abundance of Prosobranch snails was higher in numbers in the lined sites than those in the unlined. In Nubaria the most abundant snails were Melanoides tuberculata and Theodoxus niloticus and exhibited their maximum percentages in the lined (82.15%) and unlined (72.34%) sites during summer, respectively. While, in Giza Governorate Physa acuta snails had the highest percentages among collected snails approximately at all seasons, and exhibited its maximum percentages during spring in lined (90.22%) and unlined sites (85.38%). Correlations between physicochemical parameters and the collected snails, revealed that there were different negative or positive correlations depending on the sites of investigation. The bioconcentration factor of heavy metals in snail's soft tissues at the investigated in lined and unlined sites compared to the content of the metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zinc) in the water showed high variation in BCF values depending on the type of metal and the snail. Generally P. acuta (7626.95μg.g-1 DW for Fe) and H. duryi (8787.10 μg.g-1 DW for Cu) were the highest snails of accumulated metal contents in the tested sites of the two surveyed governorates, respectively.
Interspecific Variation of Metal Concentrations in Three Bivalve Mollusks from Galicia
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2004
There has been growing concern about the inflow of metals to the coastal areas because they can be toxic to aquatic and human life. Some studies have demonstrated the existence of species-specific differences in the metal concentrations of mollusks. We compared metal concentrations between Mytilus galloprovincialis, used as a water quality indicator, and two other bivalve species collected for human consumption (Venerupis pullastra and Cerastoderma edule) in different locations on the Galician coast (northwest Spain). M. galloprovincialis was found to be the best zinc and lead accumulator, whereas silver and arsenic were preferentially accumulated by V. pullastra and chromium and nickel by C. edule. Bivalve concentrations of mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, silver, and zinc appeared to be linearly related to environmental concentrations, but this was not the case with copper, nickel, and lead in some species, which indicated that there is a nonlinear accumulation of these metals or an influence of the environmental conditions on species accumulation. The relationship between metal concentration in mussels and in the two other species varied with the metal and the species. In some cases the correlation was high, making it possible to use mussels as bioindicators for the other species. In other cases the correlation was moderate or low, therefore rendering mussels of little or no use in predicting the metal concentrations in the two other species. {texp}Commercial fisheries of bivalves are an important source of income to many coastal populations. Nevertheless, achieving compatibility between harvesting these resources and industrial development is a difficult task. Some industrial activities can produce significant heavy-metal contamination of mollusks as was evidenced by the mercury accidents in Japan, Sweden, Iraq, etc. (Mance 1987; Fergusson 1990). Consequently, the implementation of heavy-metal monitoring programs for shellfish is required to ensure the quality of the edible species. The European Union has dealt with this requirement through Council Directive 91/492/EC. Most national monitoring programs do not analyze the metal concentration in each harvested species and instead use the one or a few species that are assumed to be bioindicator species. Following this approach, metal concentrations in a bivalve species (usually mussels) are used to assess water quality, and it is assumed that all bivalves in good-quality water are safe for human consumption. This method does not hold when the metal accumulation characteristics of the target species are not similar to those of the bioindicator species, making the estimation of the risk incorrect. In Galicia, and in many other European areas, cockles (Cerastoderma edule) and clams (Venerupis pullastra) are species commercially important because of their high production and price. To prevent heavy-metal intoxication in these and other species, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk.) from the area were analyzed for heavy-metal content and used as bioindicators of metal contamination. However, the usefulness of M. galloprovincialis as an indicator of metal contamination in C. edule and V. pullastra has not been checked and—taking into account that several studies have demonstrated different bivalve species to differ substantially in their capability to accumulate various metals (Reinfelder et al. 1997; Wang and Fisher 1999; Chong and Wang 2000; Wang 2001)—it should be checked. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate both the usefulness of mussels as bioindicators and the actual concentrations of metals in these two species to guarantee their safety for consumption. In this study, we attempted to determine the how the metal concentrations of two poorly known species (V. pullastra and C. edule) compare with those of M. galloprovincialis in an area (the Galician coast) with diverse sources of metal pollution. We thus obtained an idea of the risk that these species represent as well as the usefulness of the concentrations found in mussels as an indicator for the other two species.
2012
East Hammar marsh in south of Iraq has enormous environmental importance. It represents habitats for biodiversity of different organism as mollusca (snails). Determination of concentration and distribution of cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) in water (as dissolved and particulate matter), sediments and three species of freshwater snails Bellamya bengalensis, Lymnaea auricularia and Melanoides tuberculata were carried out during September 2007 to September 2008 in four selected stations of East Hammar marsh. Some environmental parameters of the marsh were measurements included water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, as well as total organic carbon in sediments. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometers in addition to other suitable tools were used throughout this study. Total concentrations in the snail were higher than water and sediment whereas B. bengalensis recorded the highest values in contrast with L. auricularia and M. tuberculata. Seasonal variation...