Montenegro's skin reactions and antibodies against different Leishmania species in dogs from a visceral leishmaniosis endemic area (original) (raw)
Related papers
Presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. in domestic dogs from Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 2016
Leishmaniases are a group of diseases caused by Leishmania protozoa affecting various vertebrate hosts, including humans and dogs. Dogs represent the most important domestic reservoir of leishmaniasis. For this reason, the aim of this study was to detect the presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. in dogs being treated at the veterinary hospital of our institution. Samples were obtained from 175 animals by jugular or cephalic venipuncture, and serum was subsequently separated. Anti-Leishmania spp. IgG antibodies were detected in these specimens using indirect immunofluorescence. This revealed that of the 175 serum samples, those of four (2.28%) animals reacted positively and the antibodies title was 40. These data are consistent with the transmission of Leishmania spp. in the region, suggesting that dogs represent a reservoir of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. This is the first description of circulating antibodies against Leishmania spp. in the West region of Paraná State.
The aim of this study was to detect anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in stray dogs housed in a private shelter in the city of Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil. This study included serum samples from all stray and asymptomatic dogs housed in a private shelter in the period between March and May 2011. In order to detect anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed using blades containing promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. From the 173 serum samples analyzed, 38.73% were considered reactant, which is 71.64% for titer 40, 25.37% for titer 80 and 2.98% for titer 160. The reagent serology for Leishmania spp. in stray dogs in the city of Umuarama (PR) indicates that there might be circulation of the etiologic agent, and consequently, exposure of these animals to the parasite; however, new serological, parasitological and molecular studies with this animal species must be performed in order to better clarify the participation of dogs in the American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) transmission chain in the mentioned city.
Seroepidemiology of Leishmania spp. in dogs residing in Telêmaco Borba, Paraná, Brazil
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 2014
Leishmaniasis is an important metazoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and has a heteroxenic life cycle involving invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Transmission occurs during the blood meal of infected phlebotomine sand flies in wild species, domestic animals, and humans. The dog is a reservoir for the parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL), whereas in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), dogs are erratic hosts that are accidentally infected, as in humans. Dogs are considered an important indicator of the parasite and its vectors in the environment, thus highlighting the importance of diagnosis in these animals. This study aimed to assess the seroepidemiology of Leishmania spp. in dogs in the municipality of Telêmaco Borba that were part of a castration campaign. Blood samples from 191 dogs were collected, and their owners were surveyed on various epidemiological variables. Serological analysis was performed using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and rapid immunochromatography (DPP®). Screening by IIF identified 13 (6.81%) positive animals, none of which were positive for the DPP® test, which is specific for VL. Statistical analysis of the questionnaire responses indicated a significant association between seropositivity and the presence of stacked or composting leaves in the backyard (p = 0.0498), forest areas (squares, woods, parks) near the residence (p = 0.0015), and poorly healing ulcerated or nodular epidermal lesions in the dog (p = 0.0138). This study revealed the presence of anti-Leishmania spp. IgG antibodies in dogs residing in Telêmaco Borba, suggesting the presence of the parasite and vector in the environment. In addition, the existence of stacked or composting leaves in the backyard, forest areas near the residence, and epidermal lesions in dogs are factors associated with Leishmania spp. infection in pet dogs.
2021
In domestic cats, the number of infections caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania is becoming increasingly significant, although the role of felines in this cycle is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. using different antigens: Leishmania Viannia brasiliensis, Leishmania Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania Leishmania infantum, in serological samples from domestic cats, from castration efforts carried out in the city of Londrina / PR, from 2015 to 2016. The test was used in indirect ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) serological diagnosis, with the aforementioned antigens for plaque sensitization. Of the total of 199 samples analyzed, 69 (34.67%) were considered reagents for Leishmania spp., 37 samples (18.59%) were considered reagents for L. (L.) amazonensis; 40 samples (20.10%) for L. (V.) brasiliensis and 24 (12.06%) for L. (L.) infantum. In 42 samples (21.10%) reactivity to ELISA was observed in more than one of the antigens used. A higher prevalence of
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 2013
This study evaluated factors associated with the frequency ofLeishmania spp. antibodies in dogs residing in the Itaguai micro-region, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 524 dogs. The serum samples were submitted to indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) forLeishmania spp. The frequency of seropositive dogs was 28.24% (n = 148) in the micro-region, and among the three municipalities within that region, the highest frequency (p < 0.05) was observed in Seropedica (59.46%), followed by Itaguai (29.05%) and Mangaratiba (11.49%). Regarding factors associated with the host, mongrel dogs and those over the age of two presented higher frequency of antibodies to Leishmaniaspp. (p < 0.05). Concerning factors related to the environment and habits of the animal, dogs residing in rural areas (FR = 1.67, p = 0.0002), living outside the residence (FR = 1.42, p = 0.0197), with access to forest, streams and pasture...
Evidence of Leishmania spp. Antibodies and DNA in Bush Dogs (Speothos venaticus) in Brazil
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2009
The municipality of Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil is an endemic area of leishmaniasis. At the Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP) Wild Animal Center of Ilha Solteira, two bush dogs (Speothos venaticus) showed clinical signs of this disease. The amastigote form of Leishmania was detected in lymph-node smears taken by fineneedle biopsy. In addition, serum samples from both animals, screened with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were positive for anti-Leishmania antibodies. Moreover, tissue samples from one of the bush dogs were evaluated for the presence of Leishmania DNA by means of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA of the parasite was indeed detected in the tissue samples of the liver and the lymph nodes; however, no DNA from the parasite was detected in samples of the skin and spleen. These findings confirm a Leishmania infection in bush dogs (S. venaticus).
Journal of Parasitology, 2003
In this article, we describe the findings obtained using immunoblot analysis in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and its correlation with serological titer and clinical status. We found that all animals bearing amastigote forms recognized antigens with 29 and 32 kDa and that this pattern can be exploited for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. The recognition of the 29-and 32-kDa antigens was verified even in seronegative dogs and preceded seroconversion in periods ranging from several months to 2 yr. We found a correlation between serological titer and parasite burden. Although no correlation between antigenic recognition pattern and clinical status was observed, immunoblot analysis proved to be a reliable test to detect antibodies against Leishmania sp. antigens in dogs from areas with endemic VL.
Journal of Parasitology Research, 2009
We performed a serological, clinical, and parasitological follow-up of a dog population in an endemic area of American Visceral Leishmaniasis estimated by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and western blot (WB). After twelve months, the results obtained from IFA demonstrated that 50% were seropositive and two serological profiles were observed: the first one ranging from 1/40 to 1/80 and the second ≥1/160. By WB, it was observed that the same percentage and sera from positive dogs presented the recognition of the peptides of 29 and 32 kDa up to 8 months before IFA serum conversion. Among the positive dogs, all the sera from symptomatic ones with tissue parasitism recognized the peptide of 68.5 kDa. Our results suggest the need of modifications in the control measures regarding the elimination of the dogs. They also corroborate the high sensitivity and specificity of western blot in the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis, suggesting the possibility of its association with IFA.