Application of Bioactive Molecules in Pulp-capping Situations (original) (raw)
Related papers
2002
Bone sialoprotein (BSP) cross-linked to collagen/gelatin was implanted in the pulp of rat's upper molars. Comparison was carried out with a sham group (non implanted), with a group of rats receiving the carrier alone, and a group of molars where the perforated pulps were capped with calcium hydroxide. The cavities were occluded with a glass-ionomer cement (GIC). After 8, 14 and 30 days respectively the rats were killed by intracardiac perfusion of the ®xative and processed for light microscopy. Dentin and predentin debris pushed into the pulp during the preparation enhanced self-repair processes, with large pulp remnants. The carrier alone induced slight in¯ammation, and calcium hydroxide the formation of a reparative dentin bridge. BSP stimulated the recruitment of cells which produced an homogeneous atubular dentin-like structure, ®lling after one month the mesial third of the crown pulp. Osteogenic protein (OP-1) used in the same experimental conditions induced the formation of osteodentin in the coronal pulp and the radicular part of the pulp was totally ®lled by a mineralized material. The differences reported here suggest two possible different therapeutic approaches with the two osteogenic proteins, BSP inducing pulp mineralization in the crown part, and OP-1 occluding the root part of the pulp.
Bone sialoprotein-induced reparative dentinogenesis in the pulp of rat's molar
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2000
Bone sialoprotein (BSP), an osteogenic protein (OP), mixed with a carrier, was implanted in the pulp of rat first upper molars (OP group). Cavities were prepared with dental burs and pulp perforation was carried out by pressure with the tip of a steel probe. After 8, 14, and 30 days, the rats were killed and the pulps of the OP group were compared with (1) a sham group (S group), (2) a group where the carrier was implanted alone (C group), and (3) capping with calcium hydroxide (Ca group). After 8 days, a few inflammatory cells were seen, mostly located at the pulp surface near the perforation. In the Ca group, a dentin bridge started to form, in contrast to the other groups. After 15 days, globular structures were seen in the pulps of the S and C groups. A reparative osteodentin bridge isolated the pulp from the cavity in the Ca group. Variable reactions were seen in the OP group, with some evidence of cell and matrix alignments or plugs of osteodentin in continuity with an inner layer of reparative dentin. After 30 days, irregular osteodentin formation was observed in the pulps of the S and C groups, with a tendency for globular structures to merge, but with interglobular spaces filled by pulp remnants. In the Ca group, osteodentin was observed in the mesial part of the pulp chamber. In the BSP-implanted group, the osteogenic protein stimulated the formation of a homogeneous dentin-like deposit occupying most of the mesial part of the pulp. Apparently, BSP stimulates the differentiation of cells which secrete an organized extracellular matrix more efficiently than any other capping material used so far. Altogether, the results reported here support that bone sialoprotein displays novel bioactive properties and is capable of stimulating in 1 month's time the development of a thick reparative dentinal tissue in the pulp, occluding the perforation and filling the mesial third of the pulp chamber.
Archives of Oral Biology, 2002
Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP 7), also termed osteogenic protein 1, a member of the transforming growth-factor superfamily, was examined for its efficacy in inducing reparative dentinogenesis in the exposed pulps of rat molars. To determine if the reaction was dose-dependent, collagen pellets containing 1, 3 or 10 g of recombinant BMP 7 were inserted in intentionally perforated pulps (10-12 pulps per group) in the deepest part of half-moon class V-like cavities cut in the mesial aspect of upper first molars. As controls, the collagen carrier (CC group) alone and calcium hydroxide (Ca group) were used as capping agents. All cavities were then restored with a glass-ionomer cement. Half of the animals were killed after 8 days and the other half after 28 days, by intracardiac perfusion of fixative. The molars were processed for histological evaluation by light microscopy. No difference in effect could be detected between the three concentrations of BMP 7 groups at either time interval. After 8 days, all groups showed varying inflammation, from mild of severe, and the Ca group demonstrated early formation of a reparative dentine bridge. At 28 days the CC group displayed irregular osteodentine formation, leaving some unmineralized areas at the exposure site and interglobular unmineralized areas containing pulp remnants. In the Ca-treated pulps, the initial formation of thick reparative osteodentine bridges that sealed more or less completely the pulp perforation was followed, in the deeper part, by irregular tubular dentine. In most BMP 7-treated specimens, the initial inflammation has resolved at 8 days and at 28 days heterogeneous mineralization or osteodentine filled the mesial coronal pulp. They also had complete filling of the radicular pulp by homogenous mineralization in the mesial root; this reaction was found in 11 teeth in the BMP 7 group, one tooth in the CC group an none of the Ca group. These results emphasize the biological differences the coronal and radicular parts of the pulp, and the potential of bioactive molecules such as BMP 7 to provide an a alternative conventional endodontic treatments.
Summary: Aim: The aim of this study is to observe the inflammatory response and dentinogenesis following direct pulp capping with three different materials and to see the differences in the reparative dental hard tissue regarding its quality characteristics. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of this study we used experimental animals according to Ordinance №15 since 3th, Feb., 2006 on the minimal requirements for protection and welfare of laboratory animals. The animals were two-month old male Wistar rats. They were conducted under general anaesthesia . Then on the first upper molars were prepared first class cavities until reaching pulp exposure. The prepared teeth were divided into three groups according to the pulp-capping material- Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD), Beta-tricalcium phosphate and Calcium Hydroxide. All of the teeth were filled with glass-ionomer cement (Ketac Molar Easymix, 3M Espe). 8, 15 and 30 days after the procedure the rats were euthanized under anaesthes...
BMC Oral Health
Background: Vital pulp therapy preserves and maintains the integrity and the health of dental pulp tissue that has been injured by trauma, caries or restorative procedures. The enhancement of cells viability and formation of reparative dentine and new blood vessels are vital determinants of the success of direct pulp capping. Therefore, the aims of this study was to evaluate and compare the in vitro osteogenic, odontogenic and angiogenic effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ], Biodentine and Emdogain on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and examine the effects of the tested materials on cell viability. Methods: DPSCs were treated with MTA, Ca(OH) 2 , Biodentine or Emdogain. Untreated cells were used as control. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay on day 3. Real-Time PCR with SYBR green was used to quantify the gene expression levels of osteogenic markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin), odontogenic marker (dentin sialophosphoprotein) and angiogenic factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) on day 7 and day 14. Results: All capping materials showed variable cytotoxicity against DPSCs (77% for Emdogain, 53% for MTA, 26% for Biodentine and 16% for Ca(OH) 2 compared to control (P value < 0.0001). Osteopontin (OPN) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene expression was increased by all four materials. However, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was upregulated by all materials except Emdogain. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was upregulated by all four tested materials except Ca(OH) 2. Conclusions: Our results suggest MTA, Biodentine and Emdogain exhibit similar attributes and may score better than Ca(OH) 2. Emdogain could be a promising alternative to MTA and Biodentine in enhancing pulp repair capacity following dental pulp injury. However, further future research is required to assess the clinical outcomes and compare it with the in vitro findings.
Dental pulp responses to pulp capping materials and bioactive molecules
Chulalongkorn University Dental Journal วารสารทันตแพทยศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2013
An ideal treatment outcome of pulpal exposure during restorative procedures is to regain the primary structure of tubular dentin as well as maintain the vitality and healthiness of the dental pulp. Presumably this gold standard result requires pulp capping materials with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and dentin-pulp tissue regenerative properties. Various capping materials have been used in dentistry but none have been able to predictably induce the regeneration of underlying tubular dentin. Recently, potentially applicable tissue engineering strategies using scaffolds containing growth factors were introduced with promising results for dentin regeneration in animals, and similar approaches have been shown to be successful in non-dental clinical problems such as bone regeneration. This article presents a review of dental pulp responses to commercially available pulp capping materials and discusses candidate bioactive molecules investigated in animals for dentin-pulp regeneration.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2011
Calcium (Ca) is the main element of most pulp capping materials and plays an essential role in mineralization. Different pulp capping materials can release various concentrations of Ca ions leading to different clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various concentrations of Ca ions on the growth and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Different concentrations of Ca ions were added to growth culture medium and osteogenic inductive culture medium. A Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the proliferation of hDPCs in growth culture medium. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, Alizarin red S/von kossa staining, Ca content quantitative assay. The selected osteogenic differentiation markers were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Within the range of 1.8-16.2 mM, increased concentrations of Ca ions had no effect on cell proliferation, but led to changes in osteogenic differentiation. It was noted that enhanced mineralized matrix nodule formation was found in higher Ca ions concentrations; however, ALP activity and gene expression were reduced. qRT-PCR results showed a trend towards down-regulated mRNA expression of type I collagen and Runx2 at elevated concentrations of Ca ions, whereas osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNA expression were significantly up-regulated. Ca ions content in the culture media can significantly influence the osteogenic properties of hDPCs, indicating the importance of optimizing Ca ions release from dental pulp capping materials in order to achieve desirable clinical outcomes. Shaofeng An and Yan Gao are contributed equally to this study.
The effect of three different pulp capping cements on mineralization of dental pulp stem cells
Dental Materials Journal
the pulp repair process 2-4). This study evaluated the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in response to substances released by BD compared with those released from MTA and CHC. The fundamental physicochemical characteristics of pulp capping materials that affect cell differentiation were also analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethical requirements This study was approved by the local Human Research Ethics Committee under Protocol CAAE no. 79445117.1.0000.0018. Experimental groups and Biomaterials preparation This was an experimental study, conducted exclusively in the laboratory. The physicochemical and biological characteristics of the dental materials proposed for pulp capping were evaluated according to the following experimental groups: Group 1: BD; Group 2: MTA; Group 3: Two-paste CHC. Biomaterials preparation The BD (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Cedex, France) was prepared by mixing five drops of liquid with the powder (pre-measured in a capsule) using an amalgamator. The white MTA (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) was prepared at the ratio of one part MTA powder to two
Evaluation of pulpal and dentin regeneration by different pulp-capping materials using mouse model
2019
Author(s): Shah, Avisha | Advisor(s): Kim, Reuben | Abstract: The development of pulp capping agents has been instrumental in promoting reparative dentin formation and facilitating pulpal repair in response to pulp exposure during extensive caries excavation. Although calcium hydroxide has been used as the gold standard for pulp capping since decades, the development of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and its derivatives, also known as hydraulic calcium-silicate cements (HCSCs) have ushered in a new wave of therapeutic pulp capping agents. Nonetheless, there is limited evidence about the pulpal toxicity and dentin regenerative capacity of these materials. In the current study, the effects of 4 of these HCSCs (PROROOT� MTA, TheraCal LC, EndoSequence BC RRM, Endo-Eze™ MTAFlow) along with the control groups, composite and UltraCal� XS (Dycal)on reparative dentin and dentinal bridge formation and periapical bone loss were evaluated radiographically and histologically in mice. Pulp expo...
Iranian Endodontic Journal, 2014
Introduction: Recent investigations have attempted to improve regenerative endodontics with the help of stem cell therapy. In vitro studies have shown the ability of different agents to stimulate the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) into odontoblast-like cells. A combination of dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate and Vitamin D has been proven to induce a successful differentiation. The aim of this animal study was to evaluate the effect of this combination, named odontoblastic differentiating material (ODM), on pulp tissue when used as a capping material. Materials and Methods: Sixty maxillary right and left molars of 30 Sprague-dawley rats were selected for this study. The teeth were exposed under sterile condition. Half of the teeth were capped with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and the other half with ODM. All cavities were restored with glass ionomer. The rats were sacrificed at post-operative intervals of 2 weeks and 2 months. Samples were histologically evalua...