Technical factors affecting the reproducibility of intravesical mouse bladder tumor implantation during therapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (original) (raw)
Related papers
Croatian medical journal, 2003
To evaluate the effect of intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in the prevention of recurrence and progression of the superficial bladder cancer. Between February 1989 and May 1994, 170 patients with histologically proven superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder stage Ta and T1 were assessed as eligible for 6-week + 6-month protocol of intravesical BCG instillation at the Split University Hospital. All patients underwent complete transurethral resection of the tumor, which established tumor size, histology, stage, and absence of muscle invasion. Out of 170 patients offered to receive intravesical BCG instillations, 80 agreed to undergo the treatment (BCG group), and 90 refused it (control group). The median duration of follow-up was 64 months (range, 16-128). The BCG group had lower incidence rates of recurrence (12 vs 26 events per 100 patient-years in controls, p<0.001) and progression (3.0 vs 6.6 events per 100 patient-years in controls, p=...
Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A review
International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association, 2017
Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin has been the standard of care for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for 40 years. It remains one of the most successful immunotherapies ever used. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin shows superior efficacy to alternative intravesical treatments, and has an established role in reducing both recurrence and progression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. It remains relatively safe, and has acceptable tolerability of both local and systemic side-effects. The present review provides insights into the role of bacillus Calmette-Guérin compared with alternative treatments both in primary and refractory settings.
A new method of implanting orthotopic rat bladder tumor for experimental therapies
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 2002
We developed a model of orthotopic transplantation of bladder tumor cells in female Fischer rats using a new reproducible technique. After first performing the mechanical abrasion of a portion of the bladder urothelium with an Abrader inserted transurethrally via a catheter, we administered a suspension of 5-40 x 10(6) viable AY-27 tumor cells in sterile phosphate-buffered saline to the bladder cavity. This rapidly led to a tumor growth incidence of approximately 100%. The induced bladder tumors grew expansively into the bladder cavity from the surface (mucosa) and gradually invaded the submucosa, muscles, serosa and surrounding tissue (high-stage invasive transitional cell carcinoma). Size and staging were related to the quantity of tumor cells instilled into the bladder cavity. This model matches the characteristics of human bladder tumor more closely than other bladder cancer models induced with tumor cells. Moreover, it presents many advantages: the method is reproducible, tumor...
International Urology and Nephrology, 1990
A total of 68 patients received prophylactic/adjuvant intravesical Pasteur strain bacillus Calmette-Gu6rin (BCG) instillations following transurethral resection for superficial bladder carcinoma. An induction phase consisting of 6 weekly instillations was followed by a maintenance phase consisting of 1 instillation given every 3 months. A second 6-week course of BCG was administered to initial failure followed again by a quarterly maintenance therapy. The response rate for patients treated with one 6-week course was 56 ~, while complete response was achieved in 72% when both treatment courses were considered. Follow-up period lasted at least 2 years after each course of BCG. These results suggest that additional courses of BCG increase the prophylactic efficacy of intracavitary BCG. Regarding the purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test and granulomatous response in the bladder, it has been shown in the present study that, although favourable results occurred more frequently among patients with either PPD conversion from negative to positive or vesical granuloma formation, neither of these indices should be considered reliable prognostic indicators.
Vojnosanitetski pregled, 2015
Bacground/Aim. The therapy with intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) after transurethral resection (TUR) of tumor is the gold standard of treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The role and importance of BCG intravesical therapy in various shape of tumors, were confirmed by our previous investigation. The aim of this study was to examine whether incidence of recurrence and tumor regression differs depending on sex and age of patients. Methods. This study included a total of 899 patients suffering from NIMBC, treated at our institution from January 1, 2007 to March 1, 2013. Two groups of patients were formed: patients underwent TUR + BCG therapy (the group I) and the group II with patients in whom TUR was performed as only therapy. These two groups of patients were divided into subgroups of respondents male and female, age 60 years or younger and older than 60 years. Statistical analysis was performed using χ 2 test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results. This research suggests that if the frequency of recurrence is seen as the only parameter, considering all the subjects, the lowest recurrence rate was determined in the male subjects, aged 60 years and younger who had received BCG after TUR. A high statistical significance was found in the incidence of recurrence in patients younger than 60 years, depending on the response to the therapy, while in those older than 60 years, the difference was at the level of statistical significance. This can be attributed to a certain degree of infravesical obstruction in older men. Conclusions. Sex and age of patients may have a significant influence on the course and outcome of NMIBC. The disease has the most malignant and most aggressive behavior when present in males older than 60 years.
European Urology, 2003
Objectives: After transurethral resection, the local and systemic side effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillations were assessed during a 6-week induction course followed by 3 weekly maintenance instillations at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months to determine if BCG toxicity increases over time. Methods: 487 patients who received BCG in a multicenter phase III trial were included. Side effects were divided into 5 different treatment periods: the first 6 weeks induction, months 3 and 6, month 12, the second year, and the third year. Results: 99 (20.3%) patients stopped BCG due to side effects. 72 (14.8%) stopped due to local side effects, including 59 for BCG induced cystitis, 33 during the first 6 months. 46 (9.4%) stopped due to systemic side effects: 23 due to fever, 19 within 6 months, and 15 due to general malaise, 12 within 6 months. 68% who stopped due to side effects did so during the first 6 months. The percent stopping after 6 months due to local side effects does not increase and actually decreases for systemic side effects. Conclusions: The majority of local and systemic side effects are seen already during the induction and the first halfyear of maintenance. During further maintenance BCG toxicity does not increase and instillations are generally well tolerated. #