The role of personal characteristics in the relationship between health and psychological distress among kidney transplant recipients (original) (raw)
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Transplant International, 2010
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become an important outcome in the evaluation of kidney transplantation (KT). Although the medical and sociodemographic predictors of HRQoL in patients after KT are well known, there is still a lack of knowledge about the psychological factors involved. This study focuses on the role of personality and actual psychological distress in predicting HRQoL after KT. Sociodemographic (gender, age, education, average income), medical (glomerular filtration, serum albumin, number of co-morbid diseases) and psychological data (neuroticism, extroversion, psychological distress) were collected from 177 (60.5% male subjects; 48 ± 12.1 years) kidney transplant recipients, and physical and mental HRQoL were measured using the SF-36. A univariate general linear model analysis was performed. Higher physical HRQoL was associated with younger age, higher education and income, a low number of co-morbid diseases, lower neuroticism and distress. Higher mental HRQoL was associated with higher education and income, longer time from KT, higher extroversion, lower neuroticism and distress. In both physical and mental HRQoL, actual distress was the best predictor, even when controlled for neuroticism. These results confirm the importance of psychological distress in patients and its impact on their HRQoL after KT and can be applied in intervention programs focused on increasing HRQoL.
Factors associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in Kidney Transplant Recipients in France
BMC Nephrology, 2018
Background: Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessment after kidney transplantation has become an important tool in evaluating outcomes. This study aims to identify the associated factors with HRQoL among a representative sample size of Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTR) at the time of their inclusion in the study. Methods: Data of this cross-sectional design is retrieved from a longitudinal study conducted in five French kidney transplant centers in 2011, and included KTR aged 18 years with a functioning graft for at least 1 year. Measures include demographic, psycho-social and clinical characteristics. To evaluate HRQoL, the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and a HRQoL instrument for KTR (ReTransQol) were administered. Multivariate linear regression models were performed. Results: A total of 1424 patients were included, with 61.4% males, and a mean age of 55.7 years (±13.1). Demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with low HRQoL scores for both questionnaires. New variables were found in our study: perceived poor social support and being treated by antidepressants were associated with low scores of Quality of Life (QoL), while internet access was associated with high QoL scores. Conclusion: The originality of our study's findings was that psycho-social variables, particularly KTR treated by antidepressants and having felt unmet needs for any social support, have a negative effect on their QoL. It may be useful to organize a psychological support specifically adapted for patients after kidney transplantation.
Journal of Transplantation, 2011
Little is known on long-term outcomes in kidney transplantation. This study evaluated changes and predictors of generic and transplantation-specific health-related quality of life (HQoL) over six years in N = 102 kidney transplant survivors using the Short-form Health Survey-36 and the Transplant Effects questionnaire. Mixed models analysis was used to determine long-term outcomes. Emotional HQoL improved over time: Mental Component score, Mental Health, Energy (Ps = .000). Physical HQoL deteriorated: Physical Component Score (P = .001), Pain (P = .002). LRD transplant recipients had greater decline in physical functioning (P = .003) and PCS (P = .000) compared to cadaver recipients. Worry about the transplant (P = .036) and feelings of responsibility (P = .008) increased significantly over time. Worry about the transplant and perceived ability to work predicted 12.7% and 31.1% in variance in MCS and PCS, respectively. Efforts should be made to maintain HQoL and emotional outcomes with ongoing monitoring and support programs throughout the course of posttransplant care.
Background and objective: Quality of life and psychological state can be influenced by various individual and social factors, diseases and clinical situations of the individual. End-stage renal disease and its treatments present a wide range of physical and psychological problems for patients, in general, it affects their quality of life. This study evaluates and compares the state of depression, anxiety and stress in patients with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation based on demographic information. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study were compared depression, excitement and stress levels of 213 kidney patients (111 patients). Hemodialysis and 102 kidney transplants) using the DASS21 questionnaire and the data of the questionnaire were evaluated by SPSS20 software and Wilcoxon test, t-test, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square. Results: Frequency of depression, anxiety and stress in the patients with hemodialysis was 92.8%, 96.4% and 83.8%, respectively. However, in the kidney transplant group, the frequencies of the variables were 94.1% for depression and excitement and 84.3% for stress. The mean score of depression, excitement and stress in hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than the kidney transplant group. There was no significant difference in the level of education and occupation with depression, excitement and stress between hemodialysis and renal transplantation groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of excitement, stress and depression in hemodialysis and transplanted patients was high, and the prevalence of these three variables was higher in hemodialysis patients with lower job and educational rank.
Predictors of Perceived Health Status in Patients after Kidney Transplantation
Transplantation, 2006
Background. Patients after kidney transplantation have decreased mortality, morbidity and better quality of life compared to people on dialysis. Major efforts are being directed towards research into graft and patient survival. Research into quality of life is less intensive. The aim of this study was to explore the predictors of perceived health status (PHS) in kidney transplant recipients. Methods. Out of 218 patients after kidney transplantation 138 participated in the study. Linear regression analysis was performed to predict PHS, measured with the SF-36 questionnaire, in three age categories (Ͻ40, 40 -59, Ն60 years). Independent variables included social support (measured with the Social Support List Discrepancies questionnaire), sociodemographic and medical variables, side effects and compliance. Results. Predictors of better PHS in patients Ͻ40 years were better social support (PՅ0.001), lower creatinine (PՅ0.001) and lower stress from adverse effects (PՅ0.001). In the group of patients aged 40 -59 years higher education (PՅ0.05), increased housekeeping activities (PՅ0.01) and lower stress from adverse effects (PՅ0.001) predicted better PHS. In the last age group predictors of better PHS were lower rate of dialysis (PՅ0.05) and posttransplant hospitalizations (PՅ0.01), absence of diabetes mellitus (PՅ0.01) and lower stress from adverse effects (PՅ0.05). Conclusions. Major differences exist in PHS among kidney transplant recipients depending on their age. Side effects of therapy are the most important predictor of PHS for all age groups. PHS of young patients mostly depends on their renal function and their social support. Education and working activities are most important for middle-aged people whereas in older patients PHS is mostly affected by comorbidity.
Psychological Well-Being in Patients After Preemptive Kidney Transplantation
Transplantation Proceedings, 2016
Background. Preemptive kidney transplantation (PKT) is associated with improved patient and graft survival as compared with transplantation in previously dialyzed patients. Complications related to dialysis are avoided in preemptively transplanted patients. Psychological functioning of those patients is still under investigation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the acceptance of illness, satisfaction of life, and anxiety in patients preemptively transplanted (PET) and transplanted after dialysis (PTD). Methods. The present study compares 23 pairs of PET and PTD patients after kidney transplantation from the same donor. Each patient completed a set of psychological questionnaires: Acceptance of Illness Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pairs were examined in the same moment, from 7 days to 5 years after transplantation. The PET and PTD groups did not differ significantly in respect to sex, underlying renal diseases, incidence of acute rejection, surgical complications, and graft function. More PTD patients had delayed graft function (P < .05). Results. The statistical analysis revealed a significant lower acceptance of illness as well as satisfaction with life in PET recipients (P < .05). The groups differed significantly in the trait of anxiety but not in the state of anxiety. Conclusions. Although the medical benefits of PKT are widely known, numerous psychological problems may occur in patients who do not have difficulties of dialysis and who after transplantation are faced with unexpected discomfort, which influences psychological well-being. Further effort should focus on providing psychological support during qualification to the transplantation and in follow-up after surgery.
Health related quality of life in renal transplantation: 2 years of longitudinal follow-up
Medicina Clínica (english Edition), 2017
Background and objective: Health related quality of life (HRQoL) is recognised as an outcome measure in kidney transplantation. In this study was assessed changes on HRQoL and kidney-specific symptoms, also was evaluated the effect of socio-demographic and clinical parameters on patient's perceived HRQoL. Patients and method: A longitudinal study was done, at 5 time-points over 2 years after transplantation. To evaluate HRQoL the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form was administrated, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess psychological distress. Results: At 6 months after transplantation, patients had similar HRQoL scores compared to the general population. The improvement on effects of kidney disease domain could be considered as large (Á 2 = 0.29), and medium on burden of kidney disease domain (Á 2 = 0.12), work status domain (Á 2 = 0.12), and sexual function domain (Á 2 = 0.13). Psychological distress, depressive symptoms, haemoglobin, and serum creatinine had significant influence on patient's perceived HRQoL over 2 years after transplantation. Conclusions: An improvement of HRQoL was observed on general and specific-targeted symptoms over 2 years after renal transplantation.
Demographic predictors of depression influencing quality of life among renal transplant recipients
International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology, 2013
A longitudinal study was carried out to investigate the impact of depression levels on satisfaction with Quality of Life (QoL) after renal transplantation. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) were assessed at three times over a period of 15 months in Lahore (Pakistan). Our study aimed to analyze if QoL and perceptions of it are likely to be influenced by their level of depression and analyze the demographic correlates and predictors of depression among RTRs. The cross lagged panel showed that across all three waves, depression levels appeared to be strong predictors of QoL satisfaction. The study attempted to explore causal priority of relationships among depression and QoL to clarify if QoL is an outcome of depression or vice versa. Gender, age, marital status, and low family income appeared to be significant predictors of depression among RTRs.
Quality of life and its related factors in kidney transplant recipients
2019
Patients undergoing transplantation, experience significant changes in their quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life and related factors in kidney transplant recipients. This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 136 kidney transplant recipients referring to nephrology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil through convenience sampling method in 2016. Data was collected by using a demographic form, Short Form Health Survey (SF36), physical stress index, Kidney Transplantation Self-Management Scale, Kidney Transplantation Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale and Beck's Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive and analytical methods. The mean score of physical health (55.01 ±19.48) was slightly higher than the mental health (42.86 ± 20.91). Self-efficacy (β = 0.29), depression symptoms (β = -0.34), age (β = -0.36) and gender (β = 0.15) were as predictors of the physical health com...
Does Perceived Health Status Influence Quality of Life after Renal Transplantation
Organ transplantation aims to restore physical health status and overall QoL. This longitudinal was carried out to find out how most renal transplant recipients (RTRs) in Pakistan, perceive their health status and overall QoL after a successful kidney transplant. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) were studied at three waves over 15 months. QoL was assessed using Ferrens & Powers QoL Index-Kidney Transplant Version that evaluated four major domains of life post-transplant. These included; health functioning scale (HF), psychological and spiritual scale (PS), social and economic scale (SE) and family subscale (FS). Perceived Health Status was measured using a self-developed questionnaire assessing frequency and severity common immunosuppressant side effects. The findings revealed that most RTRs were satisfied with their QoL and had positive perceptions of their health status. A significant positive correlation among QoL and PHS was found. A cross lagged correlation analysis to find if perceived health status influences perceptions of QoL or vice versa showed that it cannot be claimed whether, QoL always influences how recipients perceive their health status due to an inconsistent pattern at wave 1 and 2 where the data suggest the relationship is working in the opposite direction.