Density measurements of noncrystalline materials at high pressure with diamond anvil cell (original) (raw)
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High-pressure studies with x-rays using diamond anvil cells
Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain), 2017
Pressure profoundly alters all states of matter. The symbiotic development of ultrahigh-pressure diamond anvil cells, to compress samples to sustainable multi-megabar pressures; and synchrotron x-ray techniques, to probe materials' properties in situ, has enabled the exploration of rich high-pressure (HP) science. In this article, we first introduce the essential concept of diamond anvil cell technology, together with recent developments and its integration with other extreme environments. We then provide an overview of the latest developments in HP synchrotron techniques, their applications, and current problems, followed by a discussion of HP scientific studies using x-rays in the key multidisciplinary fields. These HP studies include: HP x-ray emission spectroscopy, which provides information on the filled electronic states of HP samples; HP x-ray Raman spectroscopy, which probes the HP chemical bonding changes of light elements; HP electronic inelastic x-ray scattering spect...
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2019
We present a new diamond anvil cell design, hereafter called mBX110, that combines both the advantages of a membrane and screws to generate high pressure. It enables studies at large-scale facilities for many synchrotron X-ray techniques and has the possibility to remotely control the pressure with the membrane as well as the use of the screws in the laboratory. It is fully compatible with various gas-loading systems as well as high/low temperature environments in the lab or at large scale facilities. The mBX110 possesses an opening angle of 85 ○ suitable for single-crystal diffraction or Brillouin spectroscopy and a large side opening of 110 ○ which can be used for X-ray inelastic techniques, such as X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy, but also for X-ray emission, X-ray fluorescence, or X-ray absorption. An even larger opening of 150 ○ can be manufactured enabling X-ray imaging tomography. We report data obtained with the mBX110 on different beamlines with singlecrystal diffraction of stishovite up to 55 GPa, X-ray powder diffraction of rutile-GeO 2 and tungsten to 25 GPa and 280 GPa, respectively, X-Ray Raman spectra of the Si Ledge in silica to 95 GPa, and Fe Kβ X-ray emission spectra on a basalt glass to 17 GPa.
X-ray transparent gasket for diamond anvil cell high pressure experiments
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2005
The diamond anvil cell is a fundamental tool for investigating properties under extreme conditions. However, our knowledge of material behavior under high pressure has been limited by a lack of measurement capability in radial directions. In this study we introduce a gasketing technique based on a combination of Kapton, amorphous boron, and epoxy, that reliably solves this issue. We demonstrate how these gaskets allow precise imaging of stress, strain, and microscopic properties such as texture and lattice preferred orientations within the sample, in situ, up to pressures in the range of 65 GPa.
X-ray diffraction measurements in a rotational diamond anvil cell
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2006
We have established an experimental method to perform synchrotron X-ray diffraction in a rotational diamond anvil cell to study the properties of a material under pressure and shear by achieving a quasi-homogeneous pressure distribution. The uniform distribution of pressure eliminates the peak widening caused by pressure deviation in the sample chamber. This enables us to explore the effects of shear on the physical and chemical properties such as the structural disorder, phase transformation, and chemical bonding. The method has been applied in studying the shear-induced stacking fault, phase transition-induced plasticity, and the shear-induced formation of bonding between diamond and hexagonal boron nitride. r
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2010
Diamond anvil cells ͑DACs͒ are widely used for the study of materials at high pressure. The typical diamonds used are between 1 and 3 mm thick, while the sample contained within the opposing diamonds is often just a few microns in thickness. Hence, any absorbance or scattering from diamond can cause a significant background or interference when probing a sample in a DAC. By perforating the diamond to within 50-100 m of the sample, the amount of diamond and the resulting background or interference can be dramatically reduced. The DAC presented in this article is designed to study amorphous materials at high pressure using high-energy x-ray scattering ͑Ͼ60 keV͒ using laser-perforated diamonds. A small diameter perforation maintains structural integrity and has allowed us to reach pressures Ͼ50 GPa, while dramatically decreasing the intensity of the x-ray diffraction background ͑primarily Compton scattering͒ when compared to studies using solid diamonds. This cell design allows us for the first time measurement of x-ray scattering from light ͑low Z͒ amorphous materials. Here, we present data for two examples using the described DAC with one and two perforated diamond geometries for the high-pressure structural studies of SiO 2 glass and B 2 O 3 glass.
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2008
In this paper we describe a prototype of a diamond anvil cell ͑DAC͒ for high pressure/high temperature studies. This DAC combines the use of a resistive oven of 250 W power in a very small volume, associated with special conical seats for Boehler-type diamond anvils in order to have a large angular acceptance. To protect the diamond anvils from burning and to avoid the oven oxidation, the heated DAC is enclosed in a vacuum chamber. The assemblage was used to study the melting curve of germanium at high pressure ͑up to 20 GPa͒ and high temperature ͑up to 1200 K͒ using x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Physical Review B, 2002
We report quantitatively accurate high-pressure, structure-factor measurements of fluids in diamond anvil cells ͑DAC's͒ using x-ray diffraction. In the analysis of our diffraction data, we found it possible ͑and neces-sary͒ to determine the density directly. Thus, we also present a diffraction-based determination of the equation of state for fluid water. The analysis of these measurements is difficult since the diamond anvils are many times as thick as the sample and excessive care must be taken in the background subtraction. Due to the novel nature of the experiment and the complexity of the analysis, this paper is concerned primarily with a careful exposition of our analytical methods. Our analysis is applicable to both atomic and molecular fluids and glasses, and we present results for the structure factor and density of two relatively low-Z liquids: argon and water. In order to validate our methods we present an extensive comparison of our measurements on water at PӍ0 in a DAC to recent state-of-the-art x-ray and neutron diffraction experiments and to first-principles simulations at ambient conditions.
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2020
A resistively-heated dynamic diamond anvil cell (RHdDAC) setup is presented. The setup enables the dynamic compression of samples at high temperatures by employing a piezoelectric actuator for pressure control and internal heaters for high temperature. The RHdDAC facilitates the precise control of compression rates and was tested in compression experiments at temperatures up to 1400 K and pressures of ∼130 GPa. The mechanical stability of metallic glass gaskets composed of a FeSiB alloy was examined under simultaneous high-pressure/high-temperature conditions. High-temperature dynamic compression experiments on H2O ice and (Mg, Fe)O ferropericlase were performed in combination with time-resolved x-ray diffraction measurements to characterize crystal structures and compression behaviors. The employment of high brilliance synchrotron radiation combined with two fast GaAs LAMBDA detectors available at the Extreme Conditions Beamline (P02.2) at PETRA III (DESY) facilitates the collectio...
BX90: A new diamond anvil cell design for X-ray diffraction and optical measurements
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2012
Oxy-acetylene driven laboratory scale shock tubes for studying blast wave effects Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 045111 (2012) Pressure distribution in a quasi-hydrostatic pressure medium: A finite element analysis J. Appl. Phys. 110, 113523 (2011) Multipurpose high-pressure high-temperature diamond-anvil cell with a novel high-precision guiding system and a dual-mode pressurization device Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 095108 A high temperature high pressure cell for quasielastic neutron scattering Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 083903 Accurate measurement of sample conductivity in a diamond anvil cell with axis symmetrical electrodes and finite difference calculation AIP Advances 1, 032116 Additional information on Rev. Sci. Instrum.
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2011
A direct comparison between two complete intensity datasets, collected on the same sample loaded in two identical diamond-anvil pressure cells equipped, respectively, with beryllium and diamondbacking plates was performed. The results clearly demonstrate that the use of diamond-backing plates significantly improves the quality of crystal structure data. There is a decrease in the internal R factor for averaging, structure refinement agreement factors, and in the errors and uncertainties of the atomic coordinates, atomic displacement parameters, and individual bond lengths.