Tourism and conflict (original) (raw)
Related papers
2011
Tourism is sensitive to conflict and responsive to peace. Nonetheless, it has to cope with peacelessness caused by violent conflict and its induced adverse factors. This paper analyzes the impact of a decade long (1996-2006) armed conflict on tourism in Nepal and explores the coping strategies applied by this sector to revive and sustain itself. Based on the historical political transformation of the state and some constructive efforts by the Nepalese tourism actors towards peace building, this paper argues that violent conflict is not always destructive but can also be a constructive social force for tourism if its actors are "practical" and not "apocalyptic". The paper also attempts to add some new knowledge on the complicated relationship between tourism, conflict and peace.
Tourism is sensitive to conflict and responsive to peace. Nonetheless, it has to cope with peacelessness caused by violent conflict and its induced adverse factors. This paper analyzes the impact of a decade long (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) armed conflict on tourism in Nepal and explores the coping strategies applied by this sector to revive and sustain itself. Based on the historical political transformation of the state and some constructive efforts by the Nepalese tourism actors towards peace building, this paper argues that violent conflict is not always destructive but can also be a constructive social force for tourism if its actors are "practical" and not "apocalyptic". The paper also attempts to add some new knowledge on the complicated relationship between tourism, conflict and peace.
Tourism Stimulated Prosperity and Peace in Provincial Destination: An Appraisal of Far West Nepal
Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education
Tourism thrives in peace. It is a major beneficiary of peace. Nevertheless, it is also be a benefactor to peace if it is planned, developed and managed from the perspectives of building socio-economic foundation, environmental wellness and socio-cultural contacts and communications. Such elements of peace through tourism are applicable to all destinations including provincial, national, local or international. This paper presents the general conceptual foundation on tourism stipulated prosperity and peace and relates this feature with Far West Nepal which is a newly established provincial destination in Nepal. It argues that peace related objectives of tourism can be achieved through planned development, operation and purposeful management of tourism directed to enhancing socio-economic foundations and intercultural relations. The responsibilities for such aspects lie at all actors (hosts and guests) and all levels of government like local, national and provincial. This aspect is tr...
Peace through Tourism: A Critical Look at
2016
Tourism, the world’s largest and one of the fastest developing economic sectors, virtually affects every region and nation of the world due to its potential contribution to international understanding and poverty reduction. Nepal is no exception. The remarkable growth of tourism at present (peace time) has been progressing through its four progressive theoretical models/platforms (e.g., advocacy, cautionary, adaptancy and knowledge-based platforms) with each having both peace potential and limitation. In this scenario, there is likely growing attention and look at tourism with a passion for its peace prospective. ‘Peace’, a vital and most cherished dream of humanity, is a state that not only indicates the absence of direct violence but also sustains peaceful relationships among all levels and segments of society and between society and nature. Tourism is sensitive to conflict and responsive to peace. There are both opportunities and challenges for the peace responsiveness of tourism...
Tourism in a post-conflict situation of fragility
Annals of Tourism Research, 2012
Whilst there are studies of tourism development in sub-Saharan Africa, almost none explicitly explore tourism in post-conflict societies. This study, co-authored between an African 'insider' and European 'outsiders', analyses tourism development challenges in Burundi, a 'situation of fragility' emerging from a 12-year civil war. Framed by hopeful tourism's co-created knowledge, the field research had unique access to powerful elites and remote communities and encompasses interviews with a wide range of stakeholders (including the President of the Republic), field observations, and a feedback workshop. The paper identifies challenges to sustainable tourism development in one of the world's poorest countries and evaluates tourism in a post-conflict situation of fragility under the themes of institution-and state-building and post-conflict challenges and transitional justice.
The International Handbook on Tourism and Peace
2015
Wohlmuther, C., and Wintersteiner, W. (Eds.) (2014). The International Handbook on Tourism and Peace. Klagenfurt/Celovec, Austria: Drava Verlag/Zalozba Drava. ISBN: 978-3-85435-713-1. 388 pp.The International Handbook on Tourism and Peace brings new insights to the growing body of literature on tourism and peace. It does not approach tourism as an instrument of peace, but instead, by introducing the term 'peace-sensitive tourism', it becomes 'a part of a huge and historical social transformation towards culture of peace' (p. 20). Moreover, tourism's role becomes much more significant, because it acknowledges its economic and social power and thus social responsibility to contribute 'to the democratization of society concerned, of international relations and of the world system as such' (p. 20). Additionally, the original approach of this book is also seen in presenting current thinking of academics, practitioners, politicians, and representatives of civil...
The Effect of Political Conflict on Tourism The Case of Bahir Dar City
When a country fails to come up with a shared resolution with its citizens, the proximity of challenges would reach at its climax leading to public violence enduring the political legitimacy of that country from outside and inside of its political system. Similarly, when a country is in a state of trouble, visitors tend to avoid visiting the politically disturbed provinces and districts of that country; and/or the country itself. This could affect the socioeconomic and safety and security of that conflict-affected region or country. Political conflict has for long been known to deter tourism development of a particular society or nation. Bahir Dar, one of the known tourist destinations of Ethiopia, went through repeated turbulent conflicts. Considering this, the objectives of this study were to understand the causes of the 2016 political conflict and analyze its effects on big and small-scale tourism stakeholders; and on the entire development of the tourism sector in Bahir Dar. A qualitative approach was used and data were gathered through in-depth interview, focus group discussion and observation. These collected data were transcribed from Amharic to English, analyzed thematically and organized through systematic interpretation. In the analysis part, the psychosocial effects were presented using cases from indepth interview respondents. The finding of this research revealed that the major causes for the advent of the political conflict in Bahir Dar were issues related to corruption, political affiliation, political hegemony, nationwide ethnic tension, socioeconomic exclusion and a quest to regain an Amhara land and identity among the Wolkayit Amhara community. The finding results also showed the advent of the political conflict affected the entire tourism business of Bahir Dar and its nearby tourist destinations. Among these effects were safety and security and; socioeconomic effects which brought psychosocial disfunctions endangering the physical, psychological and financial safety of the tourism sector and its stakeholders in the research area. The physical insecurity/threat/ embraced threats/insecurities of tourism business owners and their properties which included killing, arrest, detention, harassment, and intimidation of tourism beneficiary individuals in one hand; and attacks on hotels on the other. While, the psychological effect of the political conflict included psychological distresses such as stress, animosity, character assassination and post thrombotic stress disorder. The other effect that the political conflict brought unto the tourism development of the research area was financial problems on the entire development of the tourism sector in the research area.
On the nature of peace in relationship to tourism: Three cases
The Tourist Review, 1990
Tourism, since it involves the movement of people from country to country and results in frequent economic, social and cultural exchanges, is likely to be a force contributing to world peace. In October 1988, scholars and practitioners from a variety of fields gathered in Vancouver, Canada, to consider this proposition for the first time (D'Amore and Jafari 1988). Their deliberations focused to an exceptional degree on the Third World, where most armed conflict has been conducted over the past four decades and where tourism is anticipated to improve weak economic performance and generate much needed foreign exchange.