• Papantoniou, G. 2011. “‘Hellenising’ the ‘Cypriot Goddess’: ‘Reading’ the Amathousian Terracotta Figurines”. In From Pella to Gandhara. Hybridisation and Identity in the Art and Architecture of the Hellenistic East. BAR-IS 2221, edited by A. Kouremenos, S. Chandrasekaran, and R. Rossi, 35-48. Oxford: Archaeopress. (original) (raw)
Both the definition and identification of the ‘Cypriot Goddess’ before the Hellenistic period are problematic. There is no secure evidence for the equation of a ‘Cypriot Goddess’ with Aphrodite before the late Cypro-Classical period. The presence of a single distinctive deity, who is specifically Cypriot, and her interaction with other Mediterranean female goddesses (especially before the Hellenistic period) are also complex issues. The function and meaning of any female image before Late Cypriot IIIB remains an open question. During that period, however, and for the first time in the history of the island, we find a terracotta female figure in a clearly (religious) ritual context. Based on the evidence from Enkomi, I argue that this figure relates to an indigenous goddess; and it is this goddess that in the Iron Age becomes directly linked to royal ideology at least in some kingdom-polities of the island. Eventually, shortly before the abolition of the kingdoms by Ptolemy I, she begins to be addressed as Aphrodite.
Marthari, M. 2017. Early Cycladic sculptures as archaeological objects
in M. Marthari, C. Renfrew and M. Boyd (eds.), Early Cycladic Sculpture in Context, Oxford and Philadelphia: Oxbow, pp. 13-21
It was a February afternoon in 2009, in the prehistoric antiquities room of the Archaeological Museum of Naxos, when I first talked with Colin Renfrew about the publication of all the Early Cycladic figurines found in excavations. Our conversation took place among the cases in which the antiquities from Keros, and all the large figurines from Aplomata, Phiondas, and other sites are exhibited. Renfrew, as the excavator of Keros, where a large number of marble figurine fragments and vases have been recently found, wanted to look for comparanda in the excavated material. The author, as the then Ephor of the Ephorate of Antiquities for the Cyclades but also the excavator of Skarkos, wished to see all the excavated material published. Thus we joined forces and after a long collaboration our efforts materialized in the form of a symposium entitled Early Cycladic Sculpture in Context, held at the Athens Archaeological Society on 27–29 May 2014. The results of this symposium are presented here. The current volume aims to publish a very important class of material, partly unknown to scholarship. At the same time, it constitutes a break from the usual way of treating and publishing Early Cycladic sculptures...
Images of Cypriot Aphrodite in her sanctuaries during the Age of the city-kingdoms, Brill 2010
Amy C. Smith, Sadie Pickup (eds.), Brill’s Companion to Aphrodite (Leiden Boston 2010), 2010
Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters (Oxford, ) AJA American Journal of Archaeology AM Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts. Athenische Abteilung ARV 2 Beazley, John D., Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters, nd ed. (Oxford, ) BAPD Beazley Archive Pottery Database, Oxford University www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/databases/pottery.htm BCH Bulletin de Correspondence Hellénique BSA Annual of the British School at Athens CHD Güterbock, Hans G., Harry A. Ho ner, Jr., and eo P.J. van den Hout, eds., e Hittite Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (Chicago, -) CIG Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum (-) CQ Classical Quarterly CVA Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum FHG Müller, C., Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum (-) IG Inscriptiones Graecae (-) IGRom. Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas pertinentes (-) JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies JRA Journal of Roman Archaeology LIMC Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (Zurich, -) OCD Hornblower, Simon, and Anthony Spawforth, eds., e Oxford Classical Dictionary, rd ed. (Oxford, ) RDAC Report of the Department of Antiquitues, Cyprus SEG Supplementum epigraphicum Graecum (Amsterdam, -) TAPA Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philogical Association Abbreviations of primary sources follow those given in OCD. ILLUSTRATIONS . Terracotta from Salamis, Cyprus, fourth century. London, British Museum, A . Photograph by omas Kiely © e Trustees of the British Museum. . Drawing of bronze gurine excavated at Sparta, fourth-third centuries. Drawing by Paul C. Butler, a er Solima, "Era, Artemide e Afrodite, " g. , used with kind permission. . Marble statue from Epidauros, Roman. Athens, National Archaeological Museum, NM . Photo: Alinari/Art Resource, New York. . Gelon Gem, Hellenistic (ca. ). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, .. Photograph © Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. . Attic black-gure dinos by Lydos, mid-sixth century. Drawing by Paul C. Butler, used with kind permission. . Bronze gurine from building gamma at Gravisca. Tarquinia, Museo Archeologico, / . Drawing by Paul C. Butler, used with kind permission. . Bronze gurine from building gamma at Gravisca. Tarquinia, Museo Archeologico, / . Drawing by Paul C. Butler, used with kind permission. . Coin of Octavian. From Forum Ancient Coins, www.forumancientcoins.com, used with kind permission. . Bronze mirror back, Roman. Berlin, Staatliche Museen . Image a er Flemberg, Venus Armata, g. . . Plasma intaglio depicting Venus Victrix, rst century. Beazley Archive (formerly Marlborough Collection ). Beazley Archive, Oxford University, www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/gems. Photograph by Claudia Wagner, used with kind permission. . Marble sculpture of Armed Aphrodite, Roman. Pafos District Museum, FR / . Permission to publish this photograph has been given by kind courtesy of the Director of the Department of Antiquities, Republic of Cyprus. . Marble sculpture of Venus Victrix, second century. Paris, Louvre Museum, MA . Photo: Réunion des Musées Nationaux / Art Resource / New York. . An Attic black-gure amphora, featuring Aphrodite and Poseidon, ca. . London, British Museum B. Drawing a er Lenormant, de Witte, Élite des monuments céramographiques. Matériaux pour l'histoire des religions et des moeurs de l' antiquité (Paris, -), , pl. . . Map of Cyprus with all city-kingdoms and other cult places mentioned in the text. Drawing Anja Ulbrich.
Beyond the Cyclades, Early Cycladic Sculpture in Context from Mainland Greece, the North and Eastern Aegean, 2019