Religious content of hallucinations in paranoid schizophrenia (original) (raw)
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Religion, spirituality, and psychosis
This review discusses the relationships between religion, spirituality, and psychosis. Based on the DSM-IV, we comment on the concept of spiritual and religious problems, which, although they may seem to be psychotic episodes, are actually manifestations of nonpathological spiritual and religious experiences. Studies reporting that hallucinations also occur in the nonclinical population and thus are not exclusive to the diagnosed population are presented. Then, other studies pointing to the strong presence of religious content in psychotic patients are also presented. Finally, the criteria that could be used to make a differential diagnosis between healthy spiritual experiences and mental disorders of religious content are discussed. We conclude that the importance of this theme and the lack of quality investigations point to the necessity of further investigation.
Religious Delusions in a Xhosa Schizophrenia Population
Journal of Religion and Health, 2014
Here, we assessed for the first time the frequency of religious delusions and the effect of treatment on religiosity and the phenomena of religious delusions in a Xhosa schizophrenia population. Religious delusions were present in 42 (70 %) participants, and treatment significantly reduced religiosity (p = 0.02) as well as mean scores for certain phenomena associated with the delusions including changes in both thinking (p = 0.0001) and behaviour (p = 0.0001), as well as affective response to the delusion (p = 0.0001) The high frequency of religious delusions may indicate a higher tolerance for religious delusions in this community. It is therefore important to educate spiritual leaders on mental illness.
Journal of Religion and Health, 2013
The association between global functionality and religiosity among patients from developing and predominantly Catholic countries warrants attention. To compare religiosity and psychosocial functioning in Mexican schizophrenia patients with and without a history of religious delusions, seventy-four patients with paranoid schizophrenia were recruited. Patients with a history of religious delusions had more psychiatric hospitalizations and poorer psychosocial functioning compared with those without a history of religious delusions. No differences emerged between groups in the total scores of religiosity scales. A history of religious delusions rather than religiosity itself may have an influence on psychosocial functioning among Mexican patients with schizophrenia.
Phenomenology of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia by religious convictions
Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 2010
Şizofreni hastalarında sanrı ve varsanıların fenomenolojisi Giriş: Bu çalışmada şizofreni hastalarından oluşan 2 ayrı grup üzerinde şizofrenide rastlanan sanrı ve varsanıların fenomenolojisi üzerine farklı coğrafik bölgelerde yaşamanın etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Metod: Hasta grubu, Türkiye'nin 3 ayrı psikiyatri hastanesinde yatarak tedavi edilen toplam 373 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Bu hastaların sanrıları Huber ve Gross tarafindan geliştirilen sınıflama sistemi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar yaşadıkları bölgeler göz önüne alınarak kategorize edildi. 1. Grup Türkiye'nin Batı Bölgesini (Marmara Bölgesi), 2. Grup ise Türkiye'nin Orta Bölgesi'ni (İç Anadolu ve İç Ege Bölgesi) temsil etmektedir. Sonuçlar: Her iki cinsiyet ve grupta en sık olarak referans ve perseküsyon sanrıları saptanmıştır. Zehirlenme ve erotomanik sanrı kadınlarda erkeklerden daha sık görülmüştür. En yaygın işitsel varsanıları dinsel inançla ilgili ve telkinde bulunan sesleri içermektedir. Cinleri görmek en yaygın görsel halüsinasyon temalarındandır. Tartışma: Sonuçlar, bir ülkede ikamet edilen coğrafi bölge ile sanrı ve varsanıların içeriği arasında bir ilişkiye işaret etmektedir. Her ne kadar kültürel ve çevresel faktörler, sanrı ve varsanıların fenomenolojisinde önemli ise de; yaşanılan coğrafik bölge de bu bağlamda büyük bir önem arzetmektedir.
A Thematic Analysis of Delusion With Religious Contents in Schizophrenia
Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 2013
The aim of the present study was to elicit how patients with delusions with religious contents conceptualized or experienced their spirituality and religiousness. Sixty-two patients with present or past religious delusions went through semistructured interviews, which were analyzed using the three coding steps described in the grounded theory. Three major themes were found in religious delusions: ''spiritual identity,'' ''meaning of illness,'' and ''spiritual figures.'' One higher-order concept was found: ''structure of beliefs.'' We identified dynamics that put these personal beliefs into a constant reconstruction through interaction with the world and others (i.e., open dynamics) and conversely structural dynamics that created a complete rupture with the surrounding world and others (i.e., closed structural dynamics); those dynamics may coexist. These analyses may help to identify psychological functions of delusions with religious content and, therefore, to better conceptualize interventions when dealing with it in psychotherapy.
2021
Was sought to analyze how religiosity influences the mental health of individuals in their quality of life, defining the positive aspects. Understanding from which factors the issue of religiosity is intertwined with health and the process of mental illness. This is an exploratory study of literature review carried out in the Virtual Health Library and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases in articles published from 2014 to 2018. Schizophrenia is present in all regions of the planet, presenting measures of incidence and relatively equal prevalence in populations. For the 2014 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia would be between 0.3 and 0.7%. Its rate ranges from 0.9-11 per 1,000 inhabitants and its annual incidence is between 0.1-0.7 new cases per 1,000 inhabitants. It is estimated that schizophrenia affects 1% of the world population, that is, around 70 million individuals. This study allowed for a better understa...
Religion, spirituality and schizophrenia: a review
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine 2014; 36: 195-197
Religion and spirituality exert a significant role in the lives of many individuals, including people with schizophrenia. However, the contribution of religion and spirituality to various domains (psychopathology, explanatory models, treatment seeking, treatment adherence, outcome, etc.) has not received much attention. In this article, we review the exiting data with regards to the relationship of religion, spirituality, and various domains in patients with schizophrenia. Available evidence suggests that for some patients, religion instills hope, purpose, and meaning in their lives, whereas for others, it induces spiritual despair. Patients with schizophrenia also exhibit religious delusions and hallucinations. Further, there is some evidence to suggest that religion influences the level of psychopathology. Religion and religious practices also influence social integration, risk of suicide attempts, and substance use. Religion and spirituality also serves as an effective method of coping with the illness. Religion also influences the treatment compliance and outcome in patients with schizophrenia.
Psychotic experiences and religiosity: data from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2018
Religiosity is often associated with better health outcomes. The aim of the study was to examine associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and religiosity in a large, cross-national sample. A total of 25 542 adult respondents across 18 countries from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys were assessed for PEs, religious affiliation and indices of religiosity, DSM-IV mental disorders and general medical conditions. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between PEs and religiosity with various adjustments. Of 25 542 included respondents, 85.6% (SE = 0.3) (n = 21 860) respondents reported having a religious affiliation. Overall, there was no association between religious affiliation status and PEs. Within the subgroup having a religious affiliation, four of five indices of religiosity were significantly associated with increased odds of PEs (odds ratios ranged from 1.3 to 1.9). The findings persisted after adjustments for mental disorders and/or general ...