Policy and planning of the tourism industry in Malaysia (original) (raw)
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A Review of Tourism Development in Malaysia
This article looks into the development of tourism secor in Malaysia and sheds light on the efforts undertaken by successive governmets so far to set a comprhensive planning, build infrastructure and promote Malaysia as a preffered destination internationally. The commitment of the government to the development of this sector and the improvement of the quality of tourism services and infrastructure are unlimited. Currently, tourism sector comes second after manufacturing in terms of contribution to GDP while the country is ranking among the top ten world tourist destinations. Such results indicate that government planning, which involves the interaction of all the influencing aspects and takes in consideration the breoad international context, proves successful and rightly guided. This unique experience can serve as a model to follow by other developing countries especially those countries with similar multicultral settings and natural potential.
Tourism Development in Malaysia from the Perspective of Development Plans
Tourism is a potential matter in social, environmental and economic levels of government agendas. Tourism is a mentionable earning industry of Malaysia. About 24.7 million tourist arrivals in Malaysia in 2011 and receipts RM 58.3 billion from this sector. Malaysian government has played a significant role in instituting legal and institutional framework for ensuring sustainable tourism. The present study discusses the tourism enhancement initiatives in development plans of Malaysia. The paper discusses Ninth Malaysia Plan and Tenth Malaysia Plan, Economic Transformation Program (ETP), National Tourism Policy (NTP), National Physical Plan (NPP), and Local Agenda 21 (LA 21) to discover tourism development perspective in Malaysia. The study reveals that foreign tourists arrival and tourist expenditure on the basis of per capita and per diem is increasing year by year. Tourism development is one of the key element for each development plans in Malaysia. Government has been giving special emphasize on the tourism sector during the each plan period. The government adopts and formulates various laws and regulations to ensure sustainable tourism development as well as implement necessary policies. Finally, Malaysia has targeted to capture a place within the top 10 countries in the world in terms of international tourist arrivals through various development plans.
Tourism Policy Development: A Malaysian Experience
This paper has the objective of tracing the historical development of tourism policies in Malaysia, an underpinning factor towards understanding the full potential of tourism as an industry in the country. It begins with the justification of using tourism as the agent of change, in the drive towards multiplying the economic base of the country. It ends with the highlighting of contemporary practice of tourism, with a notion to further strengthen established industry foothold. Secondary data, together with complementary data from in-depth interviews with policy makers formed the basis of the arguments. Findings suggest that tourism is viewed as a very important industry as emphasized by respective policies. Findings suggest too that although there are bounds of success, with regard to tourism development in Malaysia, the politicaladministration system, which is based on the federal constitution also, has some drawbacks. For one, a bottom-up planning in-put would be ideal. In parallel, planning and developing of tourism has to be dynamic due to the ever changing surroundings.
Tourism for Economic Development in East Coast Economic Region ( ECER ) , Malaysia
2012
Tourism is seen as a fast tool for development. Tourism is promoted by a country to spread economic development and reduce inequalities in income distribution in an area. Government of each country has given support in tourism sector for its enhancing and well-recognized economic benefits. Tourism can contribute in both macro and micro level in the economy of a country. Tourism is the second largest foreign exchange earning sector in Malaysia after manufacturing. Tourism activities can be remaining vital tool for economic development of ECER in Malaysia. This paper examines the various issues of tourism in ECER for economic development. The study also analyzes the challenges and prospects of tourism activities for economic development in this region. The data for analysis is perceived from the secondary sources. The study shows that tourism resources, value for money, tourism supply chain, availability of tourist activities and limited natural disaster are potential tourism activiti...
Regional Tourism Development in Southeast Asia
The purpose of this paper is to address the role of tourism to the regional economic development of Southeast Asian economies. The assessment was accomplished by investigating the state of tourism development and by determining the drawbacks of tourism industry existed in Southeast Asia. This paper also explores strategies required to develop tourism collectively in order to achieve gains through establishing favourable environment and mobilizing endowed strategic resources. The assessment suggests the need to give attention on formulating transparent objective, implementation and integration of these objectives into national plans, participation of community people, tourism entrepreneurship and cooperation and integration of governments in developing tourism. Successfully overcoming the difficulties of regional tourism development, Southeast Asian tourism industry has the potential to reap benefit from the economies of scale.
Understanding tourism development policies in Malaysia
Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 2018
The aim of this study is to understand and explain in detail how tourism development has evolved in Malaysia, and in particular, what informed its planning and policy. This study draws extensively on a critical analysis of the official plans for Malaysian tourism development, especially from the period of the First Malaysia Plan (1966-1970) to the Tenth Malaysia Plan (2010-2015), and sets this analysis within a Resource Based View (RBV). This study discovered that Malaysia identified individual capabilities that resulted in short-term advantages in tourism that were capitalised upon, and that its strength has been in its four marketing areas of product, price, promotions and distribution channel. However, some areas did not receive full cooperation from all stakeholders, rendering some long-term marketing objectives unachievable. Thus, the government needs to develop a closer relationship with its stakeholders to strengthen its vision and implementation of tourism planning and policies.
Tourism and Regional Economic Development in Southeast Asia
Tourism, a key economic activity, which significantly contributes to the regional economic development of Southeast Asian economies, has been assessed in this paper in realizing the progress made by this industry. The economic impacts of tourism are felts at all levels of the economies of Southeast Asian nations. This paper reviews the potentiality of tourism in regional economic development, cooperation and prospects of tourism in Southeast Asian economies by examining the nature of the development of tourism and identifying the problems of tourism industry that exist in the Southeast Asian tourism industry. It also explores the strategies needed to develop tourism collectively to achieve gains through the formation of pertaining environment and mobilization of endowed strategic resources. The conclusion of this paper suggests giving attention on a range of issues such as transparent objectives in aiming successful tourism development, implementation and integration of these objectives into national plans, participation of community people, tourism entrepreneurship and co-operation and integration of governments in developing tourism. It considers some aspects of the development of tourism and reveals to do further research in other relevant aspects. The paper reveals, successfully overcoming the tourism development difficulties, Southeast Asian tourism industry has the potentiality to get benefit from economies of scale.
Ten Years After Asian Financial Crisis 1998: Tourism Growth in Malaysia
This paper focuses on the roles of tourism attractions and the importance of international tourism in contributing to the overall development of tourism development in Malaysia since the Asian financial crisis in 1998. Indicating tourism growth is the increasing supply of hotel rooms in Malaysia, which grew 38% since the last ten years, from 98,440 rooms in 1998 to 160,237 in 2008. The development of tourism attractions, however have been very exceptional only at some selected destinations including Pahang and Kuala Lumpur. In terms of the distribution of tourism development growth, it was revealed that each destination was showing different product development stage and each varies in strengths in attracting foreign tourists. The Pahang state, as one of destinations with high growth level is regarded as the most successful among all the 13 states and 2 federal territories (Kuala Lumpur and Labuan). Possession of multi world class attractions have contributed to the high level of tourism growth in Pahang. It was also revealed that despite the strengths of Kedah and Penang in pulling high level of foreign tourists' arrivals, by 2008 these destinations were experiencing low level of tourism growth. This indicates that in sustaining high tourism development growth in the future, balance planning in resort tourism development and increasing population growth in Malaysian cities is needed. Therefore, resort and urban tourisms being the two most important sectors require continuous product evaluations to ensure sustainability of high tourism development growth in Malaysia.
2013
Malaysia is perhaps one of the most unique countries of the world, being strategically situated on the gate-way location of global routes with a wonderful eco-environmental setting. Being a pluralistic society, it inherits its own traditional culture with harmonious integration of the diverse ethnic groups living in a very peaceful and politically stable situation. With all its economic potentials, Malaysia has recently emerged as a newly-developed nation with a huge infrastructural growth in its industrial and manufacturing sectors. Due to these developments and other eloquent features, people from abroad become largely attracted to this land and thus, they frequently arrive here as visitors and tourists. As recently as in the year 2005, it is reported that at least 16.7 million international tourists from outside visited Malaysia bringing about 30 billion ringgit in terms of foreign currency in this country (see Badruddin et.al. 2007). At present, tourism may be regarded as the la...
A Review on Urban Tourism Development in Malaysia
a venue to stimulate multidisciplinary discussions and sharing of tourism related researches and findings to further enhance and enrich the knowledge of the tourism stakeholders, including academicians, practioners, professionals as well as students of tourism. As tourism is regarded as one of the priority areas in the National Key Economic Areas (NKEA) set by the Government, more integrated and directed researches are needed to provide insightful information towards good planning and development of tourism products. The conference theme 'The State of the Art and Its Sustainability' spells out the quest for knowledge on the level of tourism development and researches in this region and the sustainability of the sector. All papers presented went through strict peer-reviewed before final papers being selected.