Somalia: The Pitfalls of Human Resources Drain In July 1997, I attended as an observer, the second reconciliation conference of the National Salvation … (original) (raw)
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How Extensive Is the Brain Drain?
How extensive is the 'brain drain,' and which countries and regions are most strongly affected by it? This article estimates the extent of migration, by level of education, from developing countries to the United States and other OECD countries. Our estimates show that is an overall tendency for migration rates to be higher for highly educated individuals. With the important exceptions of Central America and Mexico, the highest migration rates are for individuals with a tertiary education. A number of countries-especially small countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and Central America-lost more than 30 percent of this group to migration. We have also found a sizable brain drain from Iran, Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan Province of China. These numbers suggest that in several developing countries the outflow of highly educated individuals is a phenomenon that policy-makers cannot ignore.
Global Migration of the Highly Skilled: A Tentative and Quantitative Approach
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-bioenergetics - BBA-BIOENERGETICS, 2008
Migration in a globalising world is on the increase, especially migration of the highly skilled. It is quite natural that given certain possibilities, people look for opportunities and chances to improve their lives. Especially when the better educated leave their country in large quantities to try their chances abroad it was labelled in the 1960's as "brain drain" stressing the negative welfare impact on the countries of origin (European at that time). However not always is the impact of migration negative for the country of origin and therefore "brain drain" turned into "brain gain" when it was seen from another perspective. Indeed destination as well as origin countries may profit from migrating highly skilled people. The road in the middle is called "brain strain" emphasising that out migration can be either positive or negative for the origin countries. A synthesis has been found in perceiving migration of the highly skilled in the m...
2007
1 This paper examines the rate of emigration from Isr ael—known as " yerida "— in the years 1995 to 2004. Specifically, we examine how the rate of yerida varies according to education levels, employment st atus, income, marital status, and the number of years living in Israel. T he analysis uses data from the 1995 Israeli census, combined with
2012
The concept of brain drain has been debated for decades and is a worldwide phenomenon. It has particularly adverse consequences on capacity development and economic growth of developing countries. There has been a lot of contentious debate amongst academicians, economists and politicians on what brain drain is, its causes and consequences and strategies to redress the problem. In order to appreciate brain drain as a problem, brain drain will be defined as the physical movement of highly skilled and educated people, human capital, from one country to another in search of better opportunities, principally in the area of employment, with the consequent loss to their country of their knowledge, intellectual richness and diverse innovative skills required for that country's economic development. The concepts in the definition are common among business people, economists and government policy makers and analysts. The key segments of the definition give an indication of the impact of the problem on a developing country that needs all the components necessary for development, especially human capital, hence the need to be addressed. A review of the meaning of the concepts of brain drain and consequences of the phenomenon will be made. This study will also assess the applicability of return and retain focused policies and Diaspora initiatives and strategies suggested to address the brain drain problem. Some suggestions will be given regarding how the Diaspora could be utilized as key strategic assets that could respond to the development needs of Zimbabwe in its capacity building, development, reconstruction and long term growth, thus turning brain drain to brain gain.
The migration of highly educated population (brain drain) poses extremely significant impacts on origin countries’ development, especially in cases in which, owing to their economic and social structures, these countries cannot promote the efficient allocation of their professionals. At the same time, the decision of those migrants to return home or remain abroad is affected by several factors. This paper aims to analyse this phenomenon by using primary data collected from Greece. Our findings indicate that it is not reasonable to expect that a large share of these people is likely to return, especially given the ongoing economic and social crises that further exacerbate the observed mismatch between supply and demand for a highly educated workforce in the country. These empirical results can assist the formulation of specific policy measures in order to reap the benefits of those individuals’ presence abroad, which can undoubtedly enhance the developmental prospects of European countries. This study constitutes the first one on brain drain from Greece, while it is also the first study to compare highly skilled migrants who still work abroad to those who have returned