Smoking and reproductive life 2004 (original) (raw)
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SMOKING and REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
SA Pharmaceutical Journal, 2007
An estimated 44.5 million adults in the USA smoke cigarettes, and tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in that country. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy continues to be a significant public health concern. Despite decreases in the percentage of women who smoked during pregnancy in the 1990s, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 11.4% of mothers who gave birth during 2002 smoked. A South African study reported that 39% of pregnant women smoked, with considerable variation between racial groups.
Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India)
Most people are aware that tobacco causes cancer, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and major health problems, leading to high morbidity and mortality; however, many are not aware of its ill effects on the reproductive health of men and women as well as their children. This article has summarized the current research evidence from literature search to date, including prevalence of tobacco use, types of tobacco use, its effects on male and female fertility, pregnancy and their progeny in utero, neonatal period, childhood, adolescence, and subsequent well-being, with both active and passive smoking and smokeless tobacco use. Although antitobacco campaigns show horrifying visuals linked to tobacco use, not much progress has been made in controlling its use. Publicizing these harmful effects on pregnancy and progeny, making public aware, screening women coming for infertility or antenatal care on any form of tobacco use, and helping them to quit tobacco use may help ...
Lifecourse influences on women's smoking before, during and after pregnancy
Social Science & Medicine, 2010
The concept of the socioeconomic lifecourse is increasingly informing understanding of the social patterning of cigarette smoking. We investigated lifecourse influences on (i) women's smoking status (smoker/non-smoker) before pregnancy and (ii) quitting in pregnancy in the UK Millennium Cohort study. Our analyses included conventional measures of the socioeconomic lifecourse (woman's childhood circumstances, education, current socioeconomic circumstances) and measures of her domestic lifecourse (age of becoming a mother, current cohabitation status), as well as parity (first/subsequent child). In analyses of quitting, we also included pre-pregnancy cigarette consumption.
Smoking - Prevention, Cessation and Health Effects [Working Title]
Smoking - Prevention, Cessation and Health Effects, 2019
She earned her PhD in Medical Science (Epidemiology) from the University of Malaya. She takes part in the faculty's research methodology, epidemiology, and biostatistical teaching both at undergraduate and graduate levels. Her current research interests and more than 120 publications are in the areas of social epidemiology and behavioral medicine. She has worked on a series of articles concerning risky behaviors (electronic cigarettes use, antisocial behaviors, and unprotected sexual intercourse), public health and preventive behaviors (H1N1 influenza, cervical cancer, human papillomavirus, and HIV infection), behavioral responses to emerging infectious diseases (2009 influenza H1N1 and Zika), and sexual reproductive health (midlife crisis, dysmenorrheal, and premenstrual syndromes).
The West Indian medical journal, 2011
The study was done to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of women within the child bearing age with regard to smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on children's health. A cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative components was designed to collect data from women in the child-bearing age. The sample comprised of persons from the two largest combined family planning and antenatal clinics in Kingston, Jamaica. The women surveyed had a fair level of knowledge about ETS health risks, negative attitudes to smoking in general, and most supported a ban on smoking in public places. Significant knowledge differences existed between young and older women and between smokers and non-smokers. Women with the highest level of knowledge were the non-smokers: of the low knowledge score group (current smokers), 50% were in the 15-24-year age range. There is a need for more public education on smoking and the consequences of environmental tobacco smoke ex...
Tobacco Smoking: Patterns, Health Consequencesfor Adults, and the Long-term Health of the Offspring
Global Journal of Health Science, 2012
Tobacco use started several centuries ago and increased markedly after the invention of the cigarette making machine. Once people start smoking they find it difficult to quit the habit. This is due to the addictive effect of nicotine in tobacco smoke. Various epidemiologic and laboratory studies clearly showed that smoking is associated with various diseases such as heart diseases, asthma and emphysema and the associated increase in morbidity and mortality of smokers. Several studies implicate nicotine as the causative factor in tobacco smoke. Apart from nicotine, various carcinogens also occur in tobacco smoke resulting in an increase in the incidence of cancer in smokers. While the smoking habit is decreasing in developed countries, tobacco use increases in the developing countries. Smoking prevalence is also highest in poor communities and amongst those with low education levels. It is important to note that, although ther is a decline in the number of smokers in the developed countries, there is a three to four decades lag between the peak in smoking prevalence and the subsequent peak in smoking related mortality. It has been shown that maternal smoking induces respiratory diseases in the offspring. There is also evidence that parental smoking may program the offspring to develop certain diseases later in life. Various studies showed that maternal nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation via tobacco smoke of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), program the offspring to develop compromised lung structure later in life with the consequent compromised lung function. This implies that NRT is not an option to assist pregnant or lactating smokers to quit the habit. Even paternal smoking may have an adverse effect on the health of the offspring since it has been shown that 2 nd and 3 rd hand smoking have adverse health consequences for those exposed to it.
Smoking during Pregnancy in Blekinge 1984–88
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 1989
During the past 5-year period, midwives and doetors working in antenatal care in Blekinge county, Sweden, have increased their efforts to help pregnant smokers to stop or reduce smoking. To evaluate the effects of these efforts, all women giving birth during each September from 1984 to 1988 inclusive were asked to fdl in an anonymous questionnaire on smoking habits before and during pregnancy. The answering frequency was 81-869/0. The frequency of never-smokers was constant at 44-4996, while the proportion of women who had stopped smoking before pregnancy increased significantly, from six to 31%. S i u to 139/0 of the responders had stopped smoking during pregnancy, and the persistent smokers smoked significantly less at the end of the period. Thus, during the study there was a gradual reduction in the proportion of pregnant women who smoked, and the smokers smoked less.