Compact on-chip 1 × 2 wavelength selective switch based on silicon microring resonator with nested pairs of subrings (original) (raw)
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2x2 Optical Switch Based on Silicon-on-Insulator Microring Resonator
Advanced Materials Research, 2011
In near future, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonator are expected to be basic components for wavelength filtering and switching due to their compact size and wide free spectral range (FSR). In this paper, a 2X2 optical switch by using active microring resonator is proposed. The switch is consists of second order serially cascaded microring coupled to a pair of waveguide. The ON/OFF state of the design is control by electric signal which will vary the refractive index. The device is design to operate at 1.55µm wavelength. With a 500nm x 200nm rib dimensions, the design is proven to have single mode behaviour. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method simulation by RSOFT software is use to characterize the device performance. The results show that the 2X2 optical switch proposed can be an efficient device to be functioning in WDM application.
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2000
We report a 1 2 4 wavelength reconfigurable photonic switch based on thermally tuned microring resonators (MRs) fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. The high refractive index of silicon facilitates the formation of highly confined optical waveguides and MRs. With a fabricated ring diameter of about 10 m, the MRs support 18-nm free-spectral range and 0.15-nm resonant spectral linewidth. Many wavelength channels can be selected through local thermal tuning of resonators for reconfigurable switching and wavelength-division multiplexing/demultiplexing. The switch response time is about 1 ms. The results suggest the feasibility of high port-count photonic circuitry with dynamic wavelength reconfiguration capability for the development of large-scale integrated photonics. Index Terms-Microring resonator (MR), photonic switch, thermooptic, tuning.
Single Microring-Based 2x2 Silicon Photonic Crossbar Switches
— Realizing small-footprint and energy-efficient optical switching fabrics is of crucial importance to solve the data movement challenges faced by optical interconnection networks. This letter demonstrates silicon photonic 2 × 2 full crossbar switching functionality based on a single microring. The ultracompact device is shown to successfully switch data channels from two input ports simultaneously. Data channels in both the multiple and the same wavelength switching experiments are measured to be error-free. Simulation shows that by optimizing some of the microring parameters crosstalk could be reduced. This letter confirms the applicability of a single microring as a 2 × 2 switch element for on-chip optical interconnects.
Multiple-wavelength integrated photonic networks based on microring resonator devices
Journal of Optical Networking, 2007
Microring resonator devices implemented on silicon and silicon-on-insulator substrates have a unique potential to be used in high-bandwidth multiplewavelength integrated photonic networks. A scheme for the wavelength allocation is proposed, and its feasibility is verified experimentally. The important system-level trade-offs that result from the proposed scheme, including those among bandwidth, device footprint, and electrical power consumption, are discussed as well.
Scalability of Silicon Photonic Microring Based Switch
High radix switches are essential for reducing network latency. A possible way to realize them is by using silicon photonic microrings which have been demonstrated to have small foot prints and very fast switching times. By cascading multiple 2 by 2 switches high radix ones can be achieved. However, the scalability of such microring-resonator based switch fabrics is limited by optical power loss and crosstalk. In this work we employ detailed physical layer device models to determine the scalability of such switches. Our results show that a high radix switch with low cross talk and insertion loss is feasible.
Optical Routers based on Microring Resonator for Optical Networks-on-chip
Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2016
Optical technology has boosted the revolution of Optical Networks-on-Chip (ONoC). In this paper, a passive microring resonator (MRR) semiconductor switching element is proposed. The design of a resonator router based on high-order of microring resonators is demonstrated in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI). The suitability of the MRR as the basic building block for ONoC applications was investigated based on the insertion loss, extinction ratio (ER) and FSR. This model was designed on the silicon and modeled using COMSOL software. The result shows that excellent performance was achieved with huge FSR, low insertion loss, 3-dB bandwidth of less than 2nm and high extinction ratio.
Series coupled triple ring resonators are designed and fabricated on a SOI platform as a thermo-optic wavelength selective switch (TO-WSS) having individual ring resonance tunability and narrow band, flat—top spectrum with high channel isolation. Optimal detuning combinations of the ring resonators are identified in the WSS to achieve an effective OFF state with high channel extinction, low switching cross talk, and low loss of OFF state. It is observed that detuned OFF states with a single ring which is adjacent to the input bus waveguide and two rings which are adjacent to the drop waveguide, are more effective for the highest channel extinction, lowest switching cross talk, and zero loss of OFF state in the WSS. A maximum channel extinction of 22 dB, lowest switching cross talk of −30 dB, and a zero loss of OFF state is achieved with a single ring detuned OFF state using a switching power of 48 mW.
High-performance optical wavelength-selective switches based on double ring resonators
Optoelectronics Letters, 2013
In order to improve the performance of optical wavelength-selective switches based on double micro-ring resonators, an asymmetric intra-step-barrier coupled double strained quantum wells (AICD-SQWs) structure is utilized as the active light guiding medium. The AICD-SQW active layer has advantages, such as large change range in absorption coefficient, high extinction ratio, large Stark shift and very low insertion. For predicting the switching characteristics of double ring resonators structure, the absorption coefficient and real refractive index changes of the AICD-SQW active layer are calculated for different applied electric fields for TE input light polarization. Simulation results show that switching characteristics strongly depend on changes in absorption coefficient and real refractive index of active layer. In addition, isolations of 37.44 dB and 26.84 dB are realized between drop and through ports, when drop and through ports are ON and OFF, respectively, and vice versa.
Optics Express, 2013
We demonstrate a hitless wavelength-selective switch (WSS) based on InGaAs/InAlAs five-layer asymmetric coupled quantum well (FACQW) quadruple series-coupled microring resonators. The WSS is driven by the electric-field-induced change in refractive index in the FACQW core layer caused by the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) for high-speed operation. The WSS with high-mesa waveguides is fabricated on a molecular beam epitaxy-grown wafer by dry etching. The fabricated WSS consists of four microrings, each with a round-trip length of 350 μm and five directional couplers with shallow grooves. A boxlike spectral response and hitless switching with higher extinction ratios than a double series-coupled microring resonator are successfully demonstrated. In addition, we propose the improvement of switching characteristics by controlling the coupling efficiencies at the directional couplers.
Low power consumption silicon photonics tuning filters based on compound microring resonators
2013
Scalable integrated optics platforms based on silicon-on-insulator allow to develop optics and electronics functions on the same chip. Developments in this area are fostered by its potential as an I/O technology that can meet the throughputs demand of future many-core processors. Most of the optical interconnect designs rely on small footprint and high power efficiency microring resonators. They are used to filter out individual channels from a shared bus guide. Second-order microring filters enable denser channel packing by having sharper pass-band to stop-band slopes. Taking advantage of using a single physical ring with clockwise and counterclockwise propagation, we implement second order filters with lower tuning energy consumption as being more resilient to some fabrication errors. Cascade ability, remote stabilization potential, energy efficiency along with simple design equations on coupling coefficients are described. We design second-order filters with FWHM from 45 GHz to 20 GHz, crosstalk between channels from-40 dB to-20 dB for different channel spacing at a specific FSR, with energy efficiencies of single ring configurations and compatible with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) state of the art platforms.