Irrigating Onions and Potatoes with Chromium and Nickel: Its Effects on Catalase and Peroxidase Activities and the Cross-Contamination of Plants (original) (raw)

Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources

Food Chemistry, 2008

The present study was carried out to assess levels of different heavy metals like iron, manganese, copper and zinc, in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources. The results indicated a substantial build-up of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with wastewater. The range of various metals in wastewater-irrigated plants was 116–378, 12–69, 5.2–16.8 and 22–46 mg/kg for iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), respectively. The highest mean levels of Fe and Mn were detected in mint and spinach, whereas the levels of Cu and Zn were highest in carrot. The present study highlights that both adults and children consuming vegetables grown in wastewater-irrigated soils ingest significant amount of these metals. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable levels proposed by the [Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (1999). Summary and conclusions. In 53rd Meeting, Rome, June 1–10, 1999]. However, the regular monitoring of levels of these metals from effluents and sewage, in vegetables and in other food materials is essential to prevent excessive build-up of these metals in the food chain.

Phytotoxicity of chromium and nickel

2008

The dry and fresh biomass, water content, photosynthetic pigments production and metal accumulation in roots and shoots of mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedlings was evaluated in laboratory experiments with three types of washing wastewaters from cutlery production line with high content of Cr and Ni. All tested washing waters reduced root dry mass, whereas the dry mass of shoots was either not affected or it increased. The effect of tested washing waters was stronger on fresh mass production than on dry mass production. This indicates problems in water reception and translocation. The adverse effect on photosynthetic pigments production increased only slowly with remaining washing wastewater concentration. Almost all Chl a/b ratios were the same as for the control and this indicated no significant differences in the reduction of either a or b chlorophylls. In opposite to chlorophylls carotenoids content was in the presence of tested washing wastewaters increased and overreached their ...

Increased adsorption of nickel and chromium with grape’s organs caused by different amounts of ammonia fertilizers in root zone

2014

Previous amelioration measures of sandy deposols from open coal mine pit around Kostolac TPP (Thermal Power Plant) caused an intensive uptake of nickel and chromium in the organs of annual agricultural plants, making them not suitable for human nutrition. The investigation conducted as a pot and field experiment was with perennial plant species (grapevine), where the immobilization effects of heavy metals (Cr, Ni) were investigated. Poor substrate was supplied with N and P different rates of fertilizers, while K was constant (100 kg/ha). Phosphorus nutrition was focused on the immobilization effects on deposol Cr and Ni availability, by using increasing doses of MAP fertilizer (5.000, 15.000, 30.000 and 45.000 kg/ha). Treatment with zeolite, which has similar immobilization effect as P, was also applied with MAP fertilizer treatments. The analysis of plant material from pot experiment pointed out a significant adsorption of nickel in some organs with higher doses of MAP fertilizer, ...

Leafy Vegetables as Potential Pathways to Heavy Metal Hazards

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENT, 2019

The effect of anthropogenic activity relating to industrial and economic development has had a detrimental impact on the environment and human health, and hence the need for continued research. Five common African vegetables-Murraya koenigii, Ocimum gratissimum, Amaranthus hybridus, Capsicum annuum and Moringa oleifera were used to study absorption of Lead, Cadmium, Cobalt and Zinc from soils inoculated with metal ions. 0.1 M and 0.5 M solutions of the metal ions were used in the inoculation. Each of the plants was collected in the first instance at 8 weeks, and then at 10 weeks of inoculating. Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the metal ions concentrations absorbed in the plants. Cd 2+ was most and Mo-ringa oleifera the least absorbed of the four metal ions, with a highest value of 34.801 ± 0.805 mg/kg occurring in Capsicum annuum. Co 2+ was the least absorbed of the four metal ions, Amaranthus hybridus showed highest absorption of Co 2+ with mean absorption values of 5.566 ± 0.324 mg/kg and 5.670 ± 0.210 mg/kg for 0.1 M and 0.5 M solution of Co 2+ respectively. Ocimum gra-tissimum absorbed Pb 2+ most with the highest mean absorption of 5.290 ± 0.180 mg/kg and 6.354 ± 0.366 mg/kg for 0.1 M and 0.5 M respectively. Absorption increased as the concentration of the inoculant solution increased for all the plants, and decreased on moving from 8 weeks' to 10 weeks' for all the plants except Moringa oleifera. This could as a result of Phytovolatiliza-tion against the report of Padmavathiamma and Li, 2007 [1] that phytovolati-lization occurs in As, Hg and Se. Ocimum gratissimum showed highest absorption with the mean value of 9.334 ± 0.312 mg/kg, when the inoculants concentration increased to 0.5 M, Capsicum annuum showed highest absorption with mean absorption value of 9.916 ± 0.614 mg/kg at 10 th week. Also absorption increased as the concentration of the inoculant solution increased, and also on moving from 8 weeks' to 10 weeks' for all the plants. From the results obtained, all the vegetables absorbed significant amounts of the metal ions. This raises a lot of health concern about the vegetables consumed in

Effect of heavy metal (Ni) on plants and soil: A review

International journal of applied research, 2020

Nickel stands 24 in most abundant elements list in earth crust, and present as 3% of earth composition. By weight it is 5 most copious element after iron. In low concentration Ni is essential element, in natural form nickel occurring in soil and surface water and its concentration is less than 100 and 0.005 ppm. Plants need trace elements to perform their metabolic functions normally, when concentration of trace elements is more than required it will become hazardous and will interfere with plants physiological as well as biological processes ultimately hampered the crop production. The aim of this review was to evaluate the data about nickels functioning in metabolism of plant and its essentiality with its importance for agronomic crops and also contamination of soil with heavy metals.

Carotenoids and Antioxidant Enzymes as Biomarkers of the Impact of Heavy Metals in food Chain

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 2015

Antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) and carotenoids lutein and β-carotene are often used as biomarkers of metal contamination of water and agricultural soils. In this study, the effects of heavy metals present in irrigation water on the aforementioned carotenoids of potatoes Solanum tuberosum L. and carrots Daucus carota L., cultivated in a greenhouse and irrigated with a water solution including different levels of Cr(VI) and Ni(II) were investigated. These results were compared to the levels of the same metabolites that had been assessed in market-available potato and carrot samples. The findings indicated that the levels of the examined metabolites on the treated with Cr and Ni samples, resemble the levels of the same parameters in the market samples, originating from polluted areas. Therefore, the antioxidant enzymes, catalase and peroxidase, and the carotenoids, lutein and β-carotene, could be handled as indicators of heavy metal pollution.