Cytogenetic analysis of autosomal polymorphism in Graomys griseoflavus (Rodentia, Cricetidae) (original) (raw)
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Mastozoologia Neotropical
Genetic variability in rodents is extremely wide and a fruitful field of research. Graomys griseoflavus is a phyllotine rodent, endemic to South America, polymorphic for Rb rearrangements. However, few individuals and populations were studied cytogenetically to date, considering its wide distribution. We present and compare chromosomal data from Mendoza and Catamarca provinces, contrasting previous hypothesis about its karyo-typic evolution. All populations were polymorphic for Rb rearrangements; in addition, we describe a new fusion from Mendoza. The presence of more than one heterozygous fusion in several localities refute the hypothesis proposed for this species that for a new fusion to be generated the others must occur in homozygosis. The recorded 2n have an irregular geographic distribution. The extra short arms detected are additional factors of chromosome variability. Some external qualitative characters (i.e., coloration) show certain variability. In some quantitative exter...
Comparative Cytogenetics, 2014
Phyllotis xanthopygus (Waterhouse, 1837) is an Andean rodent endemic to South America. Despite its wide geographical distribution in Argentina, few individuals have been studied on the cytogenetic level and only through conventional staining. In this work, chromosome characterization of Argentine samples of this species was performed using solid staining, C-banding and base-specific fluorochromes. Twenty two specimens were analyzed, collected in the provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca, and the north and south of Mendoza. All studied specimens showed 2n=38, having mostly the bi-armed autosomes, metacentric or submetacentric. Fundamental Number varied between 70 and 72. These changes were due to the presence of chromosome heteromorphisms in individuals from southern Mendoza and Jujuy. C-banding revealed pericentromeric blocks of constitutive heterochromatin in most chromosomes. Acrocentric chromosomes involved in heteromorphisms showed high variation in the amount of heterochromatin within and among populations. Additionally, banding with fluorochromes (DAPI and chromomycin A 3 ) revealed homologous localization of AT and GC rich regions among chromosomes of the different populations analyzed. Comparisons among heteromorphic pairs suggested, however, that the variation might be the result of complex chromosome rearrangements, involving possibly amplifications and/or deletions of heterochromatic segments. These results are in accordance with molecular studies that indicate genetic variability within and among the populations of this taxon. A peer-reviewed open-access journal Carolina Alicia Labaroni et al. / Comparative Cytogenetics 8(4): 369-381 (2014) 370
Molecular analysis of chromosomal polymorphism in the South American cricetid,Graomys griseoflavus
Chromosome Research, 1995
Graomys griseoflavus is a South American phyllotine rodent widespread in Argentina that shows a high frequency of Robertsonian fusions (RFs). DNA restriction with EcoRI produced a 250-bp repeated family (EG250) specific for the genus. Southern hybridization and sequencing analysis indicate that the EG250 family is heterogeneous, comprising at least two subfamilies. In situ hybridized EG250 probe showed a centromere location in almost all chromosomes. In all karyomorphs C-banding was negative, but restriction enzyme banding (Re-banding) with Alul and Mbol showed centromeric blocks in the autosomes that will generate Robertsonian fusions. Thus, we found three groups of chromosomes: (a) EG250 and Re-banding negative; (b) EG250 positive and Re-banding negative; and (c) EG250 and Re-banding positive. We consider that group (b) is more the result of chromatin condensation state than that of the frequency of recognition sites for the enzymes used. Restriction enzyme blocks would appear in regions with heterochromatic EG250 subfamilies, while lack of banding would be due to decondensed EG250 subfamilies becoming an easier target for chromosomal restriction. It is suggested that heterochromatic EG250 DNA provides a favourable molecular environment for Robertsonian fusion occurrence.
Genetica, 1990
Cytogenetic analysis was performed on twenty seven specimens of Akodon simulator simulator collected in three different localities of Tucumán Province, Argentina. Diploid number, chromosomal morphology and C and G banding patterns were studied. Eight different karyomorphs were found, with diploid numbers of 2n=38, 39, 40, 41, and 42. All individuals showed the same number of chromosomal arms (FN=42). G-bands enable to identify chromosomal pairs (1, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14) involved in three centric fusions. C-bands revealed that the heterochromatin is located in centromeric regions of the telocentric and biarmed chromosomes. The present study allowed us to document a new example of a floating multiple Robertsonian fusion polymorphism. The data are discussed in relation to the occurrence of Robertsonian polymorphism in natural populations. Polimorfismo autosómico múltiple en poblaciones de Akodon simulator simulator Thomas, 1916 de Tucumán, Argentina (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Se realizó un análisis citogenético de 27 especímenes de Akodon simulator simulator colectados en tres localidades diferentes de la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina. Se determinó el número diploide, la morfología cromosómica y los patrones de bandeo C y G. Se encotraron 8 cariomorfos differentes, con números diploides de 2n=38, 39, 40, 41, y 42. Todos los individuos presentaron el mismo número de brazos cromosómicos (FN=42). Las bandas G permitieron identificar los pares cromosómicos (1, 10, 11, 12, 13, y 14) involucrados en tres fusiones céntricas y las bandas C revelaron que la heterocromatina está localizada en las regiones centroméricas de los cromosomas telocéntricos y de los cromosomas bibraquiados. El presente estudio nos permite analizar un nuevo ejemplo de un polimorfismo robertsoniano. Los datos son discutidos en relación con la presencia de los polimorfismos robertsonianos en la naturaleza.
Genetica, 1990
Cytogenetic analysis was performed on twenty seven specimens of Akodon simulator simulator collected in three different localities of Tucumfin Province, Argentina. Diploid number, chromosomal morphology and C and G banding patterns were studied. Eight different karyomorphs were found, with diploid numbers of 2n = 38, 39, 40, 41, and 42. All individuals showed the same number of chromosomal arms (FN = 42). G-bands enable to identify chromosomal pairs (1, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14) involved in three centric fusions. C-bands revealed that the heterochromatin is located in centromeric regions of the telocentric and biarmed chromosomes. The present study allowed us to document a new example of a floating multiple Robertsonian fusion polymorphism. The data are discussed in relation to the occurrence of Robertsonian polymorphism in natural populations. Resumen Polimorfismo autos6mico mtiltiple en poblaciones de Akodon simulator simulator Thomas, 1916 de Tucum~in, Argentina (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Se realiz6 un andlisis citogen6tico de 27 especimenes de Akodon simulator simulator colectados en tres localidades diferentes de la provincia de Tucumfin, Argentina. Se determin6 el nfimero diploide, la morfologia cromos6mica y los patrones de bandeo C y G. Se encotraron 8 cariomorfos diferentes, con nfimeros diploides de 2n-38, 39, 40, 41, y 42. Todos los individuos presentaron el mismo ntimero de brazos cromos6micos (FN = 42). Las bandas G permitieron identificar los pares cromos6micos (1, 10, I 1, 12, 13, y 14) involucrados en tres fusiones c6ntricas y las bandas C revelaron que la heterocromatina estfi localizada en las regiones centrom6ricas de los cromosomas teloc6ntricos y de los cromosomas bibraquiados. E1 presente estudio nos permite analizar un nuevo ejemplo de un polimorfismo robertsoniano. Los datos son discutidos en relaci6n con la presencia de los polimorfismos robertsonianos en la naturaleza.
CHROMOSOMAL VARIABILITY IN GRAOMYS
Genetic variability in rodents is extremely wide and a fruitful field of research. Graomys griseoflavus is a phyllotine rodent, endemic to South America, polymorphic for Rb rearrangements. However, few individuals and populations were studied cytogenetically to date, considering its wide distribution. We present and compare chromosomal data from Mendoza and Catamarca provinces, contrasting previous hypothesis about its karyotypic evolution. All populations were polymorphic for Rb rearrangements; in addition, we describe a new fusion from Mendoza. The presence of more than one heterozygous fusion in several localities refute the hypothesis proposed for this species that for a new fusion to be generated the others must occur in homozygosis. The recorded 2n have an irregular geographic distribution. The extra short arms detected are additional factors of chromosome variability. Some external qualitative characters (i.e., coloration) show certain variability. In some quantitative external and cranial characters, a low degree of sexual dimorphism was detected. However, there were not significant differences in external and cranial metrics variables among localities indicating low degree of differentiation, as reported in previous works; neither the coefficients of variation of these variables had high values compared to other related species. While a larger sample is needed for these different types of characters, the high chromosomal variability does not seem to correspond with comparable degrees of morphological and mitochondrial variability in G. griseoflavus.