Low birth weight and some maternal risk factors (original) (raw)
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Incidence of Low Birth Weight and Its Associated Factors in Jimma University Specialized Hospital
2015
Background: Weight at birth is a good indicator of the newborn's chance for survival, growth and development, as well as long term health and psychosocial development. Low birth weight newborns are at a significantly higher risk of morbidity and mortality contributing a lot to the higher perinatal, neonatal, infant and childhood morbidity and mortality rates specially in the developing countries like Ethiopia. They are also at a higher risk of adulthood illnesses once they survive the early complications. Even if many studies have been done on low birth weight, its associated factors and the short as well as long term outcomes of low birth weight infants in the developed world, little has been done in developing countries like Ethiopia where the burden of the problem is huge. In Ethiopia, few studies have been done on the incidence of low birth weight and associated factors but most of these studies didn't consider many of the factors thought to be associated with low birth weight. Objectives: To determine the incidence of low birth weight and its associated factors in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Methods and materials: A cross sectional study was conducted on 931 newborns who were born in Jimma University Specialized Hospital from March 1 to May 30, 2014 GC. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire. Maternal and neonatal anthropometric measurements were done by using standard beam balance, tape meter and measuring board. Consecutive sampling technique was used to include all eligible newborns and their mothers until the required sample size is obtained. p value of <0.05 was used to consider significance. Results: The mean (± SD) of birth weights were 3017 ± 612gm. The incidence of low birth weight (birth weight <2500) was 24.4%. The factors found to be associated with low birth weight in this study are female gender, maternal urinary tract infections, preterm delivery, maternal antepartal hemorrhage, and multiple gestations. Conclusion and recommendations: The incidence of low birth weight is found to be high in this study. An attempt to increase the rate of ANC attendance and identifying the medical illnesses as well as obstetric complications and addressing them timely is recommended so that the rate and complications of low birth weight could be minimized.
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2017
BACKGROUND The purpose of this observational study was to study aetiological factors associated with low birth weight newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study using data from women who had delivered their children at Dr. Susheela Tiwari Government Hospital. This study was conducted on 202 female patients. The newborns were divided into 2 categories based on birth weight as those with a birth weight of 2.5 kg and above and those with a birth weight of less than 2.5 kg based on gestational age. The data were collected by interviews with the mothers, abstraction of medical records and anthropometry. RESULTS The incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) was higher in anaemic mothers with p value 0.026. 43% of women were primigravida in LBW while in Normal Birth Weight (NBW) there was 26%. In the study, 18% mothers were passive smoker in NBW babies and 34% mothers were passive smoker in LBW babies. Birth interval in NBW babies was 24.2 weeks (mean) and it was 20.1 weeks in LBW babies with p value 0.028. CONCLUSION Anaemia, short birth interval, passive smoking, low maternal age and primiparity are significant risk factors for LBW.
IOSR Journals , 2019
In a prospective hospital based study ,during the period from1 consecutively delivered live newborns werestudied for the incidence of low birth weight neonates and to evaluate the associated risk factors. Eleven hundrednewbornswere classified as low birth weight babies. The incidence expressed per 1000 live births was 353.7 (35.37%). Of these, 850 (77.27%) weresmall for gestational age neonates and 250 (22.72%) were preterm neonates. Five hundred eighty small for gestational age neonates (68.23%) were weighing between 2001 to 2500 gms. Mothers belonging to the age group of 19-24 years delivered the maximum newborn of low birth weight babies (600/1100) and of (510/600) these 86.33% were small for gestational age neonates. There were 50 neonates with lowbirth weight born to mothers below the age of 18 years. Primiparous mothers were found to contribute higher number of low birthweight neonates (400/1100). Spacing as a factor did not show any major difference. Two hundred eighty low birth weight neonates were born to mothers with significant obstetrical problems such as pregnancy induced hypertension, bad obstetricalhistory and premature rupture of membranes. The incidence of 35.37 % of low birth weight babies is high enough to ring alarmbells.
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd, 2017
Aim: Present study was conducted to know the maternal risk factors and outcome of low birth weight babies in Materials and Method: Two hundred cases of low birth weight babies irrespective of gestational age, without any congenital anomalies were included, after informed consent. Detailed histories regarding maternal risk factors were taken and clinical examination done in all cases. Mothers' height and weight were recorded. The babies were followed up during this hospital stay to determine the morbidity and mortality. Results: Low maternal weight, multiparity, low socio economic status, illiteracy, inadequate antenatal care, maternal anemia, maternal malnutrition, maternal hypertension and PROM were the maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight babies. The most common cause of morbidity and mortality in low birth weight babies were sepsis, MODS, HIE, RDS, NEC, hypoglycemia, PDA, IVH, meningitis and feeding difficulties. Conclusion: Identification of high risk factors and apprsopriate management can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
A study of maternal factors influencing very low birth weight babies
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2017
Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants present one of the greatest medical and ethical challenges to the medical field. Although they represent a small percentage of overall birth and NICU admissions, VLBW infants are often the most critically ill and at the highest risk for mortality and long-term morbidity of any NICU patients. The present study was conducted with aim to find out the maternal risk factors related to VLBW of newborn.Methods: This prospective case control study was conducted in Govt. R.S.R.M Lying in Hospital, which is affiliated to Stanley Medical College, during the period from January 2005- December 2005. The data related to maternal and new born variables were collected and evaluated by using Chi square test. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The incidence of VLBW newborns was found to be 2.08%. The most common cause of VLBW is preterm delivery (84%). Maternal factors like age, weight, parity, literacy, mid arm...
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017
Background and Objective: Birth weight is the most important factor that affects infant and child mortality. The most common cause of low birth is malnutrition before and during the pregnancy period. The present study was conducted to explore the associated risk factors of low birth weight which will be helpful to undertake effective measures to reduce the incidence of the low birth weight babies. Methods: The study was conducted at Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayad Al-Nayan Hospital Muzaffarabad. A sample size of 1603 live births over a period of five months were analyzed. The pregnant women were recruited in the last trimester of their pregnancy and followed up till their delivery. Information regarding maternal age, parity, income of family, gestational age, maternal occupation, degree of illiteracy, birth interval was collected. The birth weight was recorded within 24 hours of delivery. Data analysis was done using Graph Pad Prism version 6.0. Results: Data of 1863 birth out of which 1603 were live births and among these live births, 1442 were normal birth weight babies and 161 number of low birth weight (LBW) were analyzed. The incidence of LBW in this study was (10.04%). LBW was more common in female (n=84) than in male (n=77) babies. However, this difference was statistically insignificant. Among different risk factors maternal age (p<0.05), parity (P = 0.0167), income of family (P = 0.0190), has a statically significant association with incidence of LBW. The gestational age of mother, maternal occupation, degree of illiteracy was found to affect the incidence of LBW babies, however the difference was found to be statistically insignificant for LBW. Birth interval less than three years and low hemoglobin level (P<0.0260) was found to have a significant association with LBW babies. Conclusion: LBW a common problem in Pakistan is an important factor for perinatal mortality and morbidity. Among different risk factors maternal age, parity, income of family, gestational age of mother, maternal occupation, degree of illiteracy, birth interval less than three years were found to be the important risk factors contributing to LBW babies born in Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayad Al-Nayan Hospital Muzaffarabad.
Low birth weight (LBW) defines a heterogeneous group of infants: some are born early, some are born growth restricted, and others are born both early and growth restricted.While the immediate consequences of LBW may be respiratory failure, hypoxia, intra-ventricular hemorrhage, its effect may manifest in adulthood causing a range of non communicable disease like cerebro-vascular accidents, Ischemic heart disease, cancer, metabolic syndrome Our study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of LBW in a secondary referral unit of Burdwan district, West Bengal (India).This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among women delivered between may-june 2016 at a secondary referral unit and mother. A total of 332mothers who delivered during data collection period were included in study. Prevalence of LBW was found to be 27.4%. Maternal age<20 years & ≥30 years, Low Maternal education, Rural residence, BPL status, prematurity, high gravid & parity and maternal anaemia & severe maternal complications adversely & significantly (p<.05) favored occurrence of LBW. ANC registration, ≥ 4 ANCand IFA consumption significantly (p<.05) protected against LBW.
Indian Journal of Community Health
Background: Low birth weight is associated with higher morbidity and mortality including impaired growth and development, malnutrition etc. Worldwide, one- fifth of newborns delivered are low birth weight. Aims & objectives: To estimate frequency of low birth weight & its associated factors among newborns delivered in a tertiary care hospital. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional analysis of 290 newborns delivered in tertiary care hospital, Banda, Uttar Pradesh during period of 15th February 2021 to 31st December 2021 was done for estimating low birth weight frequency & its associated factors including child characteristics, mother characteristics & father characteristics using data from medical record section of hospital. Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, chi square test & independent t- test was used. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 91 out of 290 newborns delivered were low birth weight (27.9%, 95% CI- 23.1%- 33.4%). The following factors we...
Maternal Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight Infants: A Hospital based study in Lucknow
2015
Low Birth Weight is a serious public health problem and is a major issue of concern in maternal and child health. About 50 % of all neonatal deaths occur only due to Low Birth weight and survivors may also have to suffer greater risk of malnutrition, infection, neuro-developmental disorders and chronic health problems in adult life. Low Birth Weight is the single most important predictor of infant's mortality, morbidity and disability in early life as well as important indicator of reproductive and general health status of population. The incidences of low birth weight and mortality rates can be reduced if the factors identified and managed as early as possible. So it is necessary to identify and correct the responsible factors to reduce the burden of low birth weight. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of low birth weight in study area and to determine the risk factors responsible for low birth weight in infants. Methodology: A study on maternal biosocial determinants and mean actual birth weight was conducted on 310 mother-infants pairs in the maternity wards of two hospitals. Respondents were interviewed and information thus collected was entered in SPSS. Chi square test was applied to determine the association of various factors with birth weight of infants. Results: Among the 310 respondent studied a total of 61.3% (190) new born were low birth weight, and rest 38.7 % were normal. 48.1 %(149) of low birth weight was due to preterm birth and only 19.7 % were due to IUGR. The Mean birth weight found in the study was about 2.350 gms. A large percentages of respondents were found undernourished (67.4%) and are unaware of the nutritional information regarding health and pregnancy due to lack of proper education (65.8%).Birth weight was found significantly associated with birth interval, previous history of prematurity, pre-pregnancy weight, hemorrhage, stress and depression, chronic illness of mother, hemoglobin status and pre-pregnancy BMI of mother. Conclusion: We concluded that the prevalence of low birth weight in the study area was 61.3 %. Results indicated that a large proportion of respondents was under nourished and even they were unaware of the role of nutrition in keeping themselves healthy We recommended that improvement in nutritional status, knowledge and life style by increasing access and utilization of policies and programs provided by the government may contributes on a great level in reducing the problems occurred due to prematurity and low birth weight.
THE IMPACT OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AMONG NEW BORN BABIES AT AL SABA CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
Mega Vision Dotcom, 2022
Low birth weight has a vital role in determining of newborns survival in a vulnerable condition. It tells fetal exposure to risk factors such as maternal unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, smoking habit, malnutrition, and diseases as well as lack of attention to prenatal care and delivery (Yanow et al, 2017). It also has a crucial role in estimating whether the newborn is at risk of death and disease during their neonatal period (Katz et al, 2013). Low birth weight (LBW) has been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a birth weight of less than 2500 g irrespective of gestational age (Momeni et al, 2016). This definition is mainly based on epidemiological observations to serve for international comparative health statistics. For clinical care the preferred definition is: small for gestational age defined as a weight and/or length less than –2 standard deviations (SD). However, ascertaining small for gestational age is not straightforward as it requires accurate measurement of anthropometry at birth including weight, length and head circumference (Muchemi et al, 2015). According to results in table and figure 4.9 chapter four, respondents were asked if low birth weight has impact on child mental health. 42.5% majority were not sure, while a sum of 47.5% agreed to the same statement. On the other hand, a sum of 10% disputed the same statement. The results can be concluded that low birth weight has impact on child mental health. In regards to the results shown in table and figure 4.10 chapter four, respondents were asked if low birth weight of the baby may result to malnutrition. A sum of 77.5% agreed to the same statement, 14% were not sure and a sum of 22.5% others disagreed to the statement. The results can be concluded that low birth weight may results to malnutrition in children. Based on this study, it has been identified that low birth weight is sponsored by several factors such poor eating habits, poverty, illiteracy, smoking, doing heavy tasks while pregnant and failure do antenatal care follow up. Lack of family planning and early marriage and single parenthood were some of the factors overlook. The consideration of term preg¬nancy neonates and the exclusion of twin deliveries and stillbirths somehow understate the actual magnitude of low birth weight at the site. Gestational age was collected using the mother knowledge of last menstrual period or the Ballard score due to the absence of ultrasounds, and this is frequently prone to errors.