A study of prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Aurangabad city, India (original) (raw)
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Background: Anemia in pregnancy accounts for one fifth of maternal deaths worldwide and is a major factor responsible for low birth weight. In India, 16% of maternal deaths are attributed to anemia. The association between anemia and adverse pregnancy outcome, higher incidence of preterm and low-birth weight deliveries have been demonstrated. However, high prevalence of anemia among pregnant women persists in India despite the availability of effective, low-cost interventions for prevention and treatment. A knowledge of the sociodemographic factors associated with anemia will help to formulate multipronged strategies to attack this important public health problem in pregnancy. Aim: To study prevalence of Anemia among pregnant women due to socio-demographic factors in rural areas of Gujarat.
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2013
Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem in developing countries like India and is especially seen among women of childbearing age, during pregnancy and lactation. Nearly two-thirds of pregnant and one-half of nonpregnant women in developing countries have anaemia, which increases the risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Aims & Objective: The study was designed to assess the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women and to report the socio-demographic factors associated with anaemia during pregnancy. Material and Methods: This is a Cross sectional study. The study was conducted in Block Hajan, the rural field practice area under the department of community medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) Soura.482 pregnant women were examined and screened for anaemia. Haemoglobin level, age, education, income, type of family and parity were among the various variables studied. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test using SPSS statistical package version (Chicago 11, IL). Results: A high prevalence (91%) of anaemia (Hb<11g/dl) was observed. The prevalence of anaemia was significantly higher in those aged ≥ 35 years. A highly significant association was found with woman's age, parity, educational and socioeconomic status. However, family type and birth interval were not significantly associated with anaemia. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women and there is need for correcting this to improve the overall health of pregnant women.
National Journal of Community Medicine, 2014
Background: Anaemia in pregnancy accounts for one fifth of maternal death worldwide. The association between anaemia and adverse pregnancy outcome, higher incidence of preterm & low birth weight deliveries has been demonstrated. However, nutritional anaemia in pregnancy remains one of the India’s major public health problems, despite of the fact that this problem is largely preventable. Objective: To determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women and to determine association of anaemia and socio-demographic factors. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who came to outpatient unit of obstetrics and gynecology department during March- May 2013 by using pre-designed, pretested structured schedule. Written consent was taken. Hemoglobin estimation was done by Sahli’s method and anaemia was graded according to WHO criteria. Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS Version 20. Result: - Overall prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women was found to be 63%.It was seen that 23% of women were illiterate and 58.7% of them belong to upper lower class. Factors such as level of education of women, occupation, age at first pregnancy and consumption of Iron Folic Acid were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy. Conclusion: - A very high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy needs mandatory regular supply of IFA tablets to adolescent and pregnant women along with correction of other nutritional deficiencies and timely intervention for reducing the burden of related diseases.
Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia in Pregnancy at Private Hospital Of Bareilly District
Age (yrs)
Back ground: Anemia in pregnancy continues to be the major public health problem in the world & is the commonest medical disorder in pregnancy that has a varied prevalence, etiology and degree of severity in different populations. Objective: To find out the prevalence of anemia amongst pregnant women and sociodemographic factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out in obstetric and gynae OPD of one of the private hospital of Bareilly district during the month of Jan.2010 to May2010. Chi square test was applied for statistical analysis. Results: prevalence of anemia was 43.38% Anemia was found to be more prevalent in women age more than 30 years (80.39%), illiterate (49.53%), working (83.82%) & those belonging to Muslim community. Multiparous women (45%), women with poor personal hygiene (48%) and non-vegetarian diet were slightly more anemic as compare to their contrary one. Conclusion: Despite the measures taken to control anemia in pregnancy in the last two decades, the severity of nutritional anemia continues to remain a public health issue of great magnitude, suggesting that these measures have been largely ineffective. [ Agarwal K et al NJIRM 2011; 2(4) : 29-32]
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2013
To study the prevalence of anemia and socio-demographic factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal hospital. Material and methods: Total 100 pregnant women were selected for the study and the study was carried out from Sep 2011 to Jan 2012. Pretested and prestructured questionnaire was used to collect general information. Blood samples were collected by qualified technician for hemoglobin estimation. Socioeconomic classification by B.G. Prasad was adopted. Classification of anemia by WHO was used. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Overall prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women was found to be 63%. Factors such as level of education and socioeconomic status were found to be significantly associated with prevalence of anemia. Conclusion: There is a need for realization that health system should focus on various factors that contribute to the occurrence of anemia and include them as important mediators in the National Health Policy.
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Prevalence of anemia and its socio-demographic determinants in pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the pregnant women aged 25 to 35 years, registered at antenatal clinic at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur were included. A predesigned and pre tested questionnaire was used to elicit the information. Various possible causes of anaemia were considered. Data was entered on Microsoft Access and was analysed using the statistical software SPSS version 11.5 for windows vista. Chi square test was used for finding the association between degree of anaemia and various factors. p value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant and p value less than 0.001 was considered to be highly significant. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women is still quiet high (70%), as also found in various other studies done in India. The existing health care resources should be reinforced striclly, with mandatory supply of IFA tablets to adolescent girls & pregnant women, food fortification along with correction of other nutritional deficiencies and timely interventions for reducing the burden of malaria, & other infectious diseases. Unfavourable socio demographic factors are the major barriers to the efforts in place for the prevention of anaemia during pregnancy. Socioeconomic status, literacy of women & awareness related to health concerns are the major determinants that contribute to the problem of anaemia. Therefore public health education/information on reproductive health are important health care measures to be undertaken at the community level, taking care of the fact that the health care should be provided during the important years of adolescence, before marriage & child bearing. Also it is high time for realisation that health system should focus on various factors that contribute to the occurrence of anaemia & include them as an important indicator in the national health care policy.
National Journal of Medical Research, 2025
"Background: Anemia is a leading contributor to maternal mortality in India. Early identification and timely intervention during pregnancy can help prevent ad-verse health outcomes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women and identify associated socio-demographic and obstetric factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among pregnant women. Based on a reported prevalence of 62.6% from NFHS-5 data, a sample size of 239 was calculated. For simplicity and completeness, a total of 250 samples were included in the study. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling, and data were collected using a pretested proforma from Obstretic and Gynecology OPD. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine the prevalence and severity of anaemia, and statistical tests were conducted to assess associations. Results: The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was 78.8%. Moderate anaemia was observed in 66.5% of cases, mild anaemia in 28.9%, and severe anaemia in 4.6%. Significant associations were found between anaemia and factors such as education level, locality, social class, husband’s education, pregnancy interval, and complications in previous pregnancies. Conclusions: A high prevalence of anaemia was observed among pregnant women, with multiple contributing factors identified. Comprehensive interventions, including counselling, screening, and health education, are recommend-ed to address and reduce the high burden of anaemia in this population."
Abstract This study was undertaken in the Department of Physiology in collaboration with Department of Pathology, Dr.S.N.Medical College and Umaid Hospital, Jodhpur (Western Rajasthan) ,India during 2005 to 2006 to compare the severity and distribution of anemia among 500 Pregnant Women aged 18 to 35 years in urban and rural sectors of Western Rajasthan & its association with certain economic factors and religion. A multistage random sample design was used for the purpose of detailed study and World Health Organization (W.H.O) classification was used to define anemia.All the women consulting for the first time excluding those with prior pathology or regular use of medicines were included in the study. In this study anemia was highly prevalent 84% (n=500) in Pregnant women.30-35 years age group women were most affected by anemia. The prevalence of anemia was much more in women belonging to Muslim community (92.3%)as compare to Non-muslim(81.1%)because of less health awareness, extrem...
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health
Background: India serves as a home to 45.7% of anemic pregnant women (aged 15-49) with anemia of any grade during the course of their pregnancy. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors of severe anemia among pregnant women.Methods: Eligible antenatal women irrespective of period of gestation were screened for presence of anemia with help of hemoglobin (Hb) value at the time of admission. Typing of anemia was done. Detailed history was followed by physical examination. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to study the risk factors of severe anemia among the study subjects.Results: Of total, 22.1% women were found to be severely anemic. Severely anemic women having residence in a rural area without road had odds more than twice (AOR=2.14) compared to severely anemic women having residence in a rural area connected with road (p=0.018). Similarly, severely anemic women aged <25 years (AOR=2.70), Illiterate (AOR=3.12), marriage age <...
SAGE Open, 2017
Despite the existence of several policies and programs, anemia among pregnant and lactating women continues to be a serious concern for public health policy in India. The main objective of this study is to examine the prevalence and determinants of anemia among pregnant and lactating versus nonpregnant nonlactating (NP-NL) women for priority setting in health policies of the country. Data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS3) conducted in 2005-2006 has been used for the analyses of this study. The results revealed that the prevalence of anemia was higher among lactating women (63%), followed by pregnant women (59%) than NP-NL women (53%). Younger lactating (71%) and older pregnant women (67%) had a higher burden of anemia. Along with socioeconomic factors, demographic indicators such as children ever born and program factors like nutrition advice and supplementary nutrition during anti natal care and postnatal care emerged as significant predictors in the case of anemia among both pregnant and lactating women, while socioeconomic indicators emerged as critical factors in the case of anemia among NP-NL women. Hence, targeting demographic and program factors, along with key socioeconomic and demographic factors in public health policy, is critical in reducing anemia among lactating and pregnant women, while targeting significant socioeconomic factors is the key for reducing anemia among NP-NL women.