Long work hours and adiposity Gu et al 2012 (original) (raw)
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Long Work Hours and Adiposity Among Police Officers in a US Northeast City
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2012
Objective: To investigate the associations between long work hours and adiposity measures in police officers. Methods: Participants included 408 officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress study who were examined between 2004 and 2009. Total work hours were abstracted from payroll records and questionnaires. Analysis of variance and covariance models were used. Results: Among male officers who worked the midnight shift, mean values of waist circumference and body mass index increased with longer work hours after adjustment for age, physical activity, energy intake, sleep duration, smoking status, police rank, activities after work (eg, child/family care, sports), and household income. Adiposity measures were not associated with work hours among women on any shift. Conclusion: Working longer hours was significantly associated with larger waist circumferences and higher body mass index among male police officers working the midnight shift.
Atypical Work Hours and Metabolic Syndrome Among Police Officers
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2009
This study examined whether atypical work hours are associated with metabolic syndrome among a random sample of 98 police officers. Shift work and overtime data from daily payroll records and reported sleep duration were obtained. Metabolic syndrome was defined as elevated waist circumference and triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and glucose intolerance. Multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of covariance models were used for analyses. Officers working midnight shifts were on average younger and had a slightly higher mean number of metabolic syndrome components. Stratification on sleep duration and overtime revealed significant associations between midnight shifts and the mean number of metabolic syndrome components among officers with less sleep (p = .013) and more overtime (p = .007). Results suggest shorter sleep duration and more overtime combined with midnight shift work may be important contributors to the metabolic syndrome.
The impact of shift work on nutritional status of police officers
Nauka, bezbednost, policija
The aim of this study was to show the extent of the influence of the shift work on nutritional status and physical activity of police officers. The research included 130 healthy police officers. The respondents were divided into two groups. The first group included 82 officers who were working the first shift. The second group included 48 officers who were working the 12hour shift. The study used customized questionnaire consisting of questions regarding leisure-time physical activity, self-report lifestyle activity level, body height, body mass, and derived body mass index (BMI). The ANOVA analysis showed that the first shift had significantly lower BMI (2.57 kg/m 2 , p = 0.004) than the 12-hour shift. The results showed that physical activity is strongly associated with lower values of BMI in both groups (p < 0.01). Regarding the correlation between age and years of service, only the 12-hour shift showed coherency (p < 0.01). Although there was no difference in the level of physical activity between police officers from different shifts, declines in physical activity were associated with higher values of BMI.
Shift Work and Work Stress Among Police Officers
Annals of Epidemiology, 2013
Purpose: To investigate obesity prevalence and trends by occupational group between 2004 and 2011. Methods: Self-reported weight and height were collected annually for US workers (age!18), from 2004-2011 in the NHIS. Overall gender-and occupation-specific rates of obesity (defined as a body mass index > 30 kg/m2) were calculated with pooled data. Biennial occupation-specific prevalence rates were also calculated and their time trends were assessed. Results: Overall and gender-specific obesity prevalence increased significantly over time among workers, except non-Hispanic others. Non-Hispanic blacks had the highest obesity prevalence regardless of gender. Hispanic males had the largest average yearly increase 1.09% (AE0.17) over 2004-2011. Among males, those who worked in "protective services" and in "transportation and material moving" had the highest obesity prevalence (36.4% and 33.2% respectively). Among females, those in "transportation and material moving" and "healthcare support" had the highest prevalence (34.6% and 33.5% respectively). The largest average biennial obesity increase was in "healthcare support" among males (4.94%AE0.86, p-value¼0.03) and trends by occupational group were not significant in females. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity varies considerably across occupational groups. Weight management programs may be effectively targeted towards occupational groups that exhibit elevated obesity prevalence and those showing more rapid increases in obesity over time.
Behavioral Variables Associated with Obesity in Police Officers
Industrial Health, 2014
Past research has documented that non-behavioral variables (such as long work hours, exposure to police stressors) are associated with obesity risk in police officers, but limited research has examined behavioral variables that might be targeted by Employee Assistance Programs for police weight management. The present study compared non-obese and obese officers for behavioral variables found associated with obesity in other adult samples: physical activity (cardiovascular, strength-training, stretching), sleep duration, and consumption of alcohol, fruit and vegetables, and snack foods. Participants included 172 male police officers who completed questionnaires to report height and weight, used to calculate body mass index (BMI = kg/m 2 ) and to divide them into "nonobese" and "obese" groups. They also reported the above behaviors and six non-behavioral variables found associated with obesity risk: age, health problems, family support, police work hours, police stressors, police support. ANCOVAs compared each behavioral variable across obesity status (non-obese, obese), with the six non-behavioral variables used as covariates. Results revealed that cardiovascular and strength-training physical activity were the only behavioral variables that differed significantly between non-obese and obese police officers. The use of self-reported height and weight values may provide Employee Assistance Program with improved cost, time, and officer participation.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This study investigated differences in the body composition of police officers from different occupational groups and the moderation effects of leisure time physical activity (LTPA). A sample of 237 police officers (special anti-terrorist unit, gendarmerie, firefighters, and general duties) participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), percent of body fat (%BF), percent of skeletal muscle mass (%SMM), and index of hypokinesia (IH) were assessed using a multichannel bioelectric impedance analyzer and officers reported the amount of LTPA using an international physical activity questionnaire. The sample was divided in three groups relative to LTPA, sedentary (0–149 min/week), moderately active (150–299 min/week), and very active (300+ min/week). Multiple analysis of variance (4 × 3) was used to analyze if occupational groups differed based solely on occupation, if officers from the same occupation differed in muscularity and fatness based on LTPA, and if any differences in body co...
24-HOUR Work Shifts, Sedentary Work, and Obesity in Male Firefighters
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2016
Background Little is known about the occupational risk factors for obesity in US firefighters. Methods 308 male California firefighters, who participated in a work and obesity project, were chosen. Working conditions were measured with a firefighter-specific occupational health questionnaire. Adiposity was clinically assessed using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percent. Results In a multivariate analysis, the prevalence of obesity by all measures was significantly higher (PRs ¼ 3.69-6.03, P < 0.05) in the firefighters who reported seventeen to twenty-one shifts than those who reported eight to eleven shifts in the past month. Prolonged sedentary work was also a risk factor for obesity by BMI (PR ¼ 4.18, P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a linear dose-response relationship of obesity by BMI and WC with the number of 24-hr shifts and sedentary work. Conclusions Many additional 24-hr shifts and prolonged sedentary work substantially increased the risk for obesity in male firefighters.
Association of Shift Work With Physical Activity Among Police Officers
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2011
Objective: To examine relations of shift work with occupational, sports, and household physical activity (PA) among police officers. Methods: Selfreported PA was assessed among 350 male and female officers (aged 27 to 66). Day, afternoon, or midnight shift was identified from daily payroll records. Results: Shift work was associated with prevalence of hard-intensity (occupational and sport) PA among men, and very hard-intensity sport PA among women, with afternoon workers reporting the highest prevalence. Shift work was independently associated with total hours of hard-intensity PA among men and very hard-intensity PA among women, with afternoon workers reporting the most hours. Conclusion: Results indicated that hard and very hard-intensity PA varied significantly across shifts with afternoon workers being the most active.
Prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in police worker - A cross-sectional study
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2017
Background: Police work generally recognized as a most stressful and dangerous occupation. Despite of sufficient physical activity most police worker is suffering from overweight or obesity. There is a scarcity of knowledge regarding prevalence of obesity in police worker in India. This study was conducted to assess the lifestyle-related health problems of the police personnel. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity (AO) in police worker and to see the association of obesity with nature and duration of service. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study conducted on 245 police personnel working at provincial armed constabulary, Sitapur. After informed consent demographic data of individuals such as age, duration of service, nature of duties, and types of foods were recorded. Anthropometric parameters were measured using standardized techniques. Available data analyze using Chi-square test to see significance of association with...
Adiposity in policing: mental health consequences
International journal of emergency mental health, 2011
Previous research suggests that adiposity is a health problem among police officers. Stress is also a concern in police work and can lead to depression. Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and depression, this has not been adequately addressed in the police population. MAeasures of adiposity (Body Mass Index [BM1], abdominal height, waist circumference) and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] scale) were obtained from a random sample of 115 officers in an urban police department. Ninety nine officers (61 men and 38 women) who had complete data and were not on anti-depressive medication were used. Linear regression analysis was conducted separately for men and women. Covariate adjustments were made for age, alcohol use, smoking, pack-years of smoking, marital status, and physical activity. Statistically significant positive trends were observed in multivariate adjusted mean (+/- SE) depression symptom scores ...