Bioactivity of Xanthium indicum koen. (Compositae) leaf (original) (raw)

Abstract The objective of the present study was to explore the bioactivities (antidiarrheal, cytotoxic and antibacterial) of the ethanol extract of Xanthium indicum (Compositae) leaf. Different phytochemical tests were carried out for the detection of different chemical groups present in the ethanol leaf extract of Xanthium indicum. By the preliminary phytochemical tests, reducing sugar, alkaloid, tannin, gum, glycoside and flavonoid were found. In vivo antidiarrhoeal activity was investigated on castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay and disc diffusion method was carried out for the cytotoxic and antibacterial activity test respectively. The crude leaf extract showed mild antidiarrhoeal effect at the dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight compared to the standard drug Loperamide (50 mg/kg). The extract revealed strong cytotoxic effect having LC50 of 20 μg/ml and LC90 of 80 μg/ml and appeared very potent in term of zone of inhibition against Staphylococ...

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