Hemodynamic responses to resistance exercise in patients with coronary artery disease (original) (raw)
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Resistance exercise and acute blood pressure responses
The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2015
Compare the acute hemodynamic and cardiovascular responses of high load/low repetition resistance training (RT) to low load/high repetition RT. Thirteen healthy men performed four sets of 4 repetition maximum (RM) and 20RM leg--extensions without breath--holding. The RT was conducted in a randomized order and with 48 hours between bouts. Non--invasive beat--to--beat systolic and diastolic blood--pressure (SBP/DBP) was measured on the finger, while non--invasive cardiac output (CO) was assessed beat--to--beat by impedance--cardiography. Mean ± SD resting SBP/DBP and CO were 126 ± 14/73 ± 9 mmHg and 5.6 ± 9 L min --1 , respectively. Exercise SBP/DBP values increased to 154 ± 22/99 ±18 and 203 ± 33/126 ± 19 mmHg following 4RM and 20RM RT, respectively (compared to rest, all;; p < 0.001), and 20RM SBP/DBP values were higher than 4RM values (both, p < 0.001). The SBP increased from the first to the fourth set of exercise following the 20RM load (p < 0.01), but not so for the 4RM...
European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 2005
Background Resistance training has been introduced in cardiac rehabilitation to give more benefit than traditional training. Haemodynamic evaluation of cardiac patients to resistance training has generally consisted of continuous HR monitoring and discontinuous blood pressure measurements. Design and methods Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to resistance training were evaluated using continuous monitoring (Finapres) during low (four sets of 17 repetitions at 40% of the one-repetition maximum strength [1-RM]) and high intensity resistance training (four sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of 1-RM) on a leg extension machine in 14 patients who participated in a rehabilitation programme. Work volume was identical in the low-and high-level resistance training. Results The HR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) during low intensity resistance training were always larger than during high intensity (P < 0.001). Peak SBP increased from set 1 to set 3 and 4 during both low and high intensity resistance training (P < 0.05). Peak HR was larger in set 4 (95 ± 11 bpm) than in set 1 only during low intensity resistance training (91 ± 12 bpm) (P < 0.05). One-minute recovery periods did not allow a return to baseline HR and SBP during both low and high intensity modalities. Conclusions The SBP and HR responses to resistance training are related to the duration of exercise. Sets with r 10 repetitions of high intensity should be preferred to longer sets with low intensity. Pauses between exercise sets should exceed 1 min. Blood pressure should be measured during the last repetitions of the exercise set.
International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science
Background: The isolated effect of resistance training (RT) on heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) is crucial when prescribing suitable training programmes for healthy individuals. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare BP and HRV responses in physically active men after an acute RT session with loads of 5-, 10- or 15-repetition maximums (5RM, 10RM and 15RM). Method: Eighty-one men (age: 21.6±1.1yr; body mass: 74.1±5.8 kg; height: 175.3 ±7.1cm) who performed moderate to vigorous physical activities for at least 30 min a day on most days of the week participated in this study. After the of 5RM loads for the bent-over row (BR), bench press (BEP), Dead-lift (DL) and squats (SQ), participants were divided into three training load groups (15RM = GrpL, 10RM = GrpM or 5RM = GrpH). During the experimental session, each group (n=27) performed 3 sets for each of the four exercise, with 2-min rest intervals between sets and exercises with their assigned training l...
Health, 2013
This aim of the present study was to analyze the hemodynamic responses during resistance exercise performed at different intensities and with different recovery intervals. This study was conducted on twenty-four apparently healthy male individuals (25.50 ± 3.72 years and 76.50 ± 4.50 kg) experienced in strength training. The volunteers performed a 1RM test to determine the training load for the study. Blood pressure and Rate Pressure Product were measured before and at the end of the exercise training. The only significant difference observed was in SBP during strength training at 70% intensity (121.7 ± 8.68, p = 0.039), which was lower than SBP at the remaining intensities of 80% (126.3 ± 7.11) and 90% (127.1 ± 7.51). It was concluded that strength training performed at different intensities and recovery intervals did not significantly alter most variables, changing only the SBP due to the intensity employed.
PubMed, 2016
Resistance (RE) and aerobic exercise (AE) can promote hemodynamic, physiologic and clinical modifications in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The aim of the study is to assess key physiologic and clinical responses during RE at 30% and 60% of 1-RM on a 45° leg press and to compare responses during AE. We evaluated fifteen male subjects with coronary artery disease (60.8±4.7 years) that performed the following tests: (1) incremental AE test on cycle ergometer; (2) 1-RM test on a leg press at 45°; (3) and RE at 30% and 60% of 1-RM for 24 repetitions. Peak cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and the minute ventilation (VE, L/min)/VCO2 ration were measured. We found that both AE and RE at 60% of aerobic and resistance capacity elicited similar hemodynamic and ventilatory responses (p>0.05). However, RE at 30% 1-RM showed more attenuated responses of VO2, VE/VCO2, HR and CO when compared with 60% of aerobic and resistance capacity. Interestingly, the number, percentage and the severity of arrhythmias were higher at 60% 1-RM (P<0.05). Our data suggest that high repetition sets of RE at 60% 1-RM appears to result in hemodynamic, ventilatory, and metabolic changes equivalent to those observed during AE at a comparable intensity.
Hypotensive effects of resistance exercises performed at different intensities and same work volumes
The aim of this paper was to compare the effects of two sequences of resistance exercises (RE), with different intensities but same training volume, on post-exercise blood pressure responses. Sixteen young subjects with previous experience in RE were evaluated during three non-following days in chest press, legpress, pulley pull down, leg curl, shoulder press, and biceps curl. On the first day, the load associated with six maximal repetitions (6RM) were determined for each exercise. On the second day, three sets of 6RM were performed (SEQ6), with a two minute interval between the sets. On the last day, the same procedure was repeated, but using 12 repetitions with 50% of 6RM load (SEQ12). Rest BP was measured before the sequences by auscultatory method. Post-exercise resting BP was measured each 10 minutes by ambulatory BP monitoring during 60 minutes. The magnitude and duration of BP variability were compared by repeated ANOVA measures followed by Tuckey post-hoc test (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was observed in the first 20 minutes after SEQ12, but not after SEQ6. SEQ12 elicited significant decline in systolic blood pressure (SBP), at least during the first 50 minutes after the exercise, while significant reductions were observed in all measures after SEQ6. There were no significant differences between the absolute values of DBP and SBP after both sequences. In conclusion: a) RE had hypotensive effects on blood pressure, main-ly SBP; b) the absolute decline of SBP seem not to be influenced by different interactions between workload and number of repetitions; c) higher workloads seem to extend the total time of SBP post-exercise reduction; d) the number of repetitions seems to have more influence on DBP than SBP, but for a short period of time.
Blood pressure assessment during resistance exercise: comparison between auscultation and Finapres
Blood Pressure Monitoring, 2007
Objectives The objective of this study was to test whether the auscultatory method and Finapres provide similar readings for blood pressure response during two resistance exercise protocols of different intensities, and to gain some insight into whether auscultation can be used to monitor cardiovascular stress during resistance exercise. Methods Fourteen patients performed six and 15 maximum repetitions (six and 15, respectively) of one-leg knee extension on different days. Blood pressure (BP) was measured simultaneously with the two methods at rest and during the last repetition of the protocols. Results Neither the systolic blood pressure (SBP) nor the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) differed between methods, both at rest and at six maximum repetitions. Conversely, Finapres recorded higher systolic blood pressure at 15 maximum repetitions (168.8 ± 21.7 mmHg) than auscultation (147.0 ± 14.5 mmHg; P < 0.001). In addition, the blood pressure values obtained by both methods in each exercise protocol (six and 15 maximum repetitions, respectively) were ranked in tertiles and also treated by the gamma (c) nonparametric correlation. We observed a high probability for patients to be ranked on the same tertile regardless of the method used, at both six maximum repetitions (SBP = 0.80, DBP = 0.97) and 15 maximum repetitions (SBP = 0.88, DBP = 0.92). High association between methods was also observed by simple regression when measurements taken at rest and at each intensity were analyzed altogether for both SBP (r = 0.95, r 2 adjusted = 0.89) and DBP (r = 0.79, r 2 adjusted = 0.62). Conclusion Auscultation provides lower BP values than Finapres, especially at the end of a set including 15 maximum repetitions. The former, however, seems appropriate to assess the relative cardiovascular stress imposed by different protocols of resistance exercise. Blood Press Monit 12:81-86 c 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Motricidade, 2016
The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of resistance exercise performed at different intensities on the hemodynamics of normotensive men. The study included 10 normotensive and recreationally-trained men (25.40 ± 6.90 years) performed the following three experimental protocols in a randomized order: a) 60% of 8RM; b) 80% of 8RM; c) 100% of 8RM. All protocols performed six exercises (Leg Press, Vertical Bench Press, Leg Flexion, Close-Grip Seated Row, Leg Extension and Shoulder Press) with three sets of eight repetitions for each exercise. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and double product (DP) were measured at rest, at the end of exercise and during the 60-minute post-exercise. The findings showed that there was a significant reduction in the faster SBP with a longer duration (p< 0.0001) for the 100% of 8RM intensity, but without significant decreases in DBP for all intensities (p> 0.05). There were significantly higher elevations in HR and DP for 100% of 8RM at all times (p<0.0001). We conclude that high intensities (100% of 8RM) promote post-exercise hypotension with faster responses and greater duration and increase HR and DP in normotensive men.
Sports
Resistance exercise may lead to an aneurysm due to dangerous levels of systemic hypertension. Thus, a minimized pressure response during exercise may guarantee safer training. For that, we analyzed an interrepetition rest design (IRD) hypothesizing that it would produce a lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) response in comparison with a continuous design (CD). Additionally, we studied the effect of accumulated repetitions on the increasing SBP rate during the first continuous set. Fifteen healthy participants (age: 24 ± 2 years; SBP: 113 ± 8 mmHg) performed leg presses, with 40 repetitions and 720 s of total rest, structured in an IRD of individual repetitions (resting time: 18.5 s), and in a CD of five sets of eight repetitions (resting time: 180 s). Analyses reported an increase (p = 0.013) in the mean peaks of SBP in the IRD (162 ± 21 mmHg), versus the CD (148 ± 19 mmHg), while both augmented versus baselines (p < 0.001). Additionally, the linear model estimated a progressive increase of SBP of around 7 mmHg per repetition. Summarily, the IRD produced a higher mean of the SBP peaks during the 40 repetitions due to lacking the v-shape advantage in comparison with the CD.