The ultrastructure of basal cells of rat and dog prostate (original) (raw)

Stereologic and fine-structural studies of prostatic acinar basal cells in the dog

Cell and Tissue Research, 1985

There are two distinct types of epithelial cells in the lining of the glandular acini of the prostate in adult male Beagle dogs, i.e., the columnar secretory epithelial cells and the basal cells. In contrast to the secretory epithelial cells, basal cells exhibit an abundance of micropinocytotic vesicles on their basal surface. Blood capillaries are often found in the stromal tissue in close proximity to these cells and their walls frequently display chains of fenestrations bridged by diaphragms, Stereological analysis shows that the volume density of the basal cells in the reference volume of acinar parenchyma is 0.056, and there are approximately 132.14 million cells per cm 3 of prostatic tissue. An average basal cell has a volume of 373.5 pm 3, and the volume densities of its nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and micropinocytotic vesicles, are 0.49, 0.04, 0.04, 0.094 and 0.013, respectively. These data are distinctly different from those that have been reported for the prostatic secretory epithelial cells of the same animals.

An edgewise look at basal epithelial cells: Three-dimensional views of the rat prostate, mammary gland and salivary gland

Differentiation, 1996

Wholemount immunocytochemical staining was used to visualize basal and luminal epithelial-cellspecific cytokeratin and smooth muscle α-actin expression in the developing and adult rat prostate, in the pregnant rat mammary gland and adult rat salivary gland. The stained samples were examined using an Edge R400 3D microscope. Images were collected in both single-image and stereo-pair formats. Prostatic basal epithelial cells were found to have a cell body covering an area of 52-62 µm 2 . The mean footprint size of basal cells was not significantly different between prostatic lobes. Basal epithelial cells were most dense in the anterior and most sparse in the ventral prostatic lobes. Basal epithelial cells had a large body with many processes, which spread around the duct and projected between luminal cells towards the lumen. These processes closely approached their counterparts from adjacent basal cells. In the developing prostate the differentiation of the basal cells from undifferentiated epithelial cords was observed at the region of ductal widening associated with canalization. Following castration prostatic basal epithelial cells became more closely packed, though the size of individual cells was not significantly changed. There was a two-to four-fold increase in basal cell density by 7 days after surgery. Most prostatic luminal cells were found to have hexagonal bases though some were pentagonal in shape. Luminal cells had a mean basal area of 50 µm 2. In the prostate immunocytochemical staining against smooth muscle α-actin revealed discrete bands of muscle surrounding individual prostatic ducts. In the mammary and salivary glands the epithelium was organized into an alveolar arrangement. In the salivary gland a single basal epithelial cell covered the top of each alveolus with processes arranged down the side of the structure. In the mammary gland several basal cells were draped over each alveolus. The mammary and salivary gland basal cells expressed smooth muscle α-actin, indicating their myoepithelial phenotype. The organization of the mam-mary and salivary gland basal cells placed them in an ideal position to squeeze the alveolar structures.& b d y :

Original Contribution LOCALIZATION AND SHAPE OF BASAL CELLS IN FELINE PROSTATE GLAND

2010

PURPOSE: To study the localization and the shape of basal cell in the prostate gland of the cat with regard to assist the understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant lesions in this animal species. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prostate glands of 12 sexually mature, clinically healthy male European Shorthair cats at the age of 1–2 years, weighing 2.8 tо 4 kg were investigated. The localization and the shape of basal cells were determined in semi-thin and ultrathin cross sections by light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Epithelial basal cells in feline prostate alveoli did not attain the alveolar lumen and formed an incomplete, discrete boundary layer, located in close vicinity to the basal membrane. These cells are observed as an occasional and rare epithelial population in the alveolar part of feline prostate parenchyma. The shape of alveolar basal cells varied from oval and triangular to irregular. Basal cells were also observed in the epith...

Isolation, culture and characterization of epithelial cells derived from rat ventral prostate

The Anatomical record, 1980

Epithelial-cell enriched primary cultures have been established from rat ventral prostate (RVP). Minced ventral prostates were dissociated with 0.5% collagenase in F12K tissue culture medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum. This treatment resulted in the gradual removal of stromal elements from the base of the epithelial cells. After 60 minutes of digestion the aggregates of epithelial cells were washed and plated at high density in F12K plus 10% horse serum. After 48 hours in vitro the unattached cells were removed from the culture dishes, washed, and reinoculated into new culture vessels containing fresh medium. After 96 hours in vitro, the aggregates had attached to the culture vessels and spread out to yield discrete patches of epithelial cells. By 144 hours in vitro the patches of cells had grown and coalesced to form a semi-confluent monolayer of epithelial cells. Ultrastructrual examination of these cultures indicated that adjacent cells were joined by desmosomes and tight j...

Anatomical and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of the Prostate Gland in the Greater Cane Rat (Thryonomys swinderianus)

Anatomia, histologia, embryologia, 2014

This study examined the morphology and immunohistochemical features of the prostate gland in 15 captive-reared male greater cane rat of known reproductive and medical history. Samples of the glands were taken after gross examination and routinely prepared for both histological and ultrastructural analysis. Immunohistochemistry was also carried out on paraffin-embedded sections of the glands using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and mouse monoclonal antibody for the progesterone receptor (PR). The prostate, which constitutes 0.04% of the body weight, was a paired, lobulated, brownish gland having three left and four right lobes that partly cover the pelvic urethra. Based on the amount and arrangement of the secretory epithelial folding and relative to their distances to the urethra, two histological zones, the central and peripheral, were identified. However, the epithelium of both zones was lined by predominantly simple cuboidal cells with occa...

HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF PROSTATE GLAND IN DOGS

Indian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Research, 2021

Prostate gland is the accessory sex gland found in dog. The gland was collected from apparently healthy six sexually mature dogs. The prostate gland was bilobed exocrine gland. Histologically, the prostate gland consisted of stroma and parenchyma. The stroma consisted of capsule, septa and interstitial connective tissue. Parenchyma was enclosed by a thick capsule with outer thin fibrous and inner thick fibromuscular layer. The capsule contained blood vessels, myelinated nerve fibres and nerve ending like meissner’s corpuscle, pacinian corpuscle. Fibromuscular septa entered the parenchyma and divided it into lobes and lobules of different shapes and sizes. Paraenchyma of the prostate gland was consisted of glandular portion and collecting ducts. The gland was compound tubuloalveolar in type. Parenchyma of prostate gland was divided into lobules with many glandular follicles. The glandular follicles showed two zones namely outer and inner zones. The glandular follicles were lined by simple columnar epithelium with oval dark staining nucleus at the basal part and eosinophilic staining part apically. The duct system was ordered into tertiary, secondary and primary ducts. The secretory glandular portion entered into the tertiary duct, to secondary duct and finally to the primary duct. The primary duct then opened into prostratic sinus. The primary, secondary and tertiary collecting ducts and prostratic sinus were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium, simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium and stratified cuboidal epithelium. The prostatic urethra were lined by transitional epithelium. Keywords: Dog, Histology, Prostrate gland

Characterization of canine prostatic cells from normal and hyperplastic glands

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 1980

Secretory and non-secretory epithelial cells and fibroblasts obtained from normal and hyperplastic canine prostate glands and from prostates of 6-week castrated dogs are cultured in monolayers. Prostatic fibroblasts are grown in non-selective culture medium and found at densities of 1.040-1.045 g/ml in Percoll gradients. Enriched populations of each epi~e~~al cell type are obtained by varying the duration of the culture combined with the use of selective MEM D-Val mixture. When separated by centrifugation in Percoll density gradients, the secretory cells (high A.P.) are found at densities of 1.02-l .03 g/ml whereas the non-secretory cells (low A.P.) have densities of 1.05-1.06 g/ml. Both epithelial cell types are present in the normal and hyperplastic glands at the time of explantation. There is no correlation between the prostatic weight and the proportion of each cell type present in the tissue. On the basis of cell density in Percoll gradients and A.P. activity, those prostates with a high percentage of non-sccretory epithelial cells yield better attachment and overa cultures than glands consisting mainly of secretory cells. Our results strongly suggest that non-secretory cells are precursors of the secretory type. In addition, the cells involved in the aging process of the culture are the secretory epithelial cells.

Demonstration of Intermediate Cells during Human Prostate Epithelial Differentiation In Situ and In Vitro Using Triple-Staining Confocal Scanning Microscopy

Laboratory Investigation, 2000

In human prostate epithelium, morphologically basal and luminal cells can be discriminated. The basal cell layer that putatively contains progenitor cells of the secretory epithelium is characterized by the expression of keratins (K) 5 and 14. Luminal cells represent the secretory compartment of the epithelium and express K8 and 18. We developed a technique for the simultaneous analysis of K5, 14, and 18 to identify intermediate cell stages in the prostate epithelium and to study the dynamic aspects of its differentiation in vitro. Nonmalignant prostate tissue and primary epithelial cultures were immunohistochemically characterized using triple staining with antibodies for K5, K14, and K18. Antibodies for K18 and K5 were conjugated directly with fluorochromes Alexa 488 and 546. K14 was visualized indirectly with streptavidin-Cy5. Keratin expression was analyzed by confocal scanning microscopy. The occurrence of exocrine and neuroendocrine differentiation in culture was determined via antibodies to prostate-specific antigen (PSA), chromogranin A, and serotonin. We found that basal cells expressed either K5 ϩϩ /14 ϩϩ /18 ϩ or K5 ϩϩ /18 ϩ . The majority of luminal cells expressed K18 ϩϩ , but colocalization of K5 ϩ /18 ϩϩ were recognized. Epithelial monolayer cultures predominantly revealed the basal cell phenotype K5 ϩϩ /14 ϩϩ /18 ϩ , whereas intermediate subpopulations expressing K5 ϩ /14 ϩ /18 ϩϩ and K5 ϩ /18 ϩϩ were also identified. On confluence, differentiation was induced as multicellular gland-like buds, and extensions became evident on top of the monolayer. These structures were composed of K18 ϩϩ -and K5 ϩ /18 ϩ -positive cell clusters surrounded by phenotypically basal cells. Few multicellular structures and cells in the monolayer showed exocrine differentiation (PSA ϩ ), but expression of chromogranin A and serotonin was absent. We conclude that simultaneous evaluation of keratin expression is useful for analyzing epithelial differentiation in the prostate. During this process, putative stem cells phenotypically resembling K5 ϩϩ /14 ϩϩ /18 ϩ differentiate toward luminal cells (K18 ϩϩ ) via intermediate cell stages, as identified by up-regulation of K18 and down-regulation of K5