Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation by Anthocyanins from Defatted Canarium odontophyllum Pericarp and Peel Using In Vitro Bioassays (original) (raw)
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Antioxidative and cardioprotective properties of anthocyanins from defatted dabai extracts
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2013
This study aimed to determine anthocyanins and their antioxidative and cardioprotective properties in defatted dabai parts. Anthocyanins in crude extracts and extract fractions of defatted dabai peel and pericarp were quantified using UHPLC, while their antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress inhibition ability were evaluated by using DPPH and CUPRAC assays as well as linoleic acid oxidation system, hemoglobin oxidation, and PARP-1 inhibition ELISA. Cardioprotective effect of the defatted dabai peel extract was evaluated using hypercholesterolemic-induced New Zealand white rabbits. Six anthocyanins were detected in the defatted dabai peel, with the highest antioxidant capacities and oxidative stress inhibition effect compared to the other part. The defatted dabai peel extract has also inhibited lipid peroxidation (plasma MDA) and elevated cellular antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) in the tested animal model. Major anthocyanin (cyanidin-3-glucoside) and other anthocyanins (pelargon...
Antioxidant Capacities of Peel, Pulp, and Seed Fractions ofCanarium odontophyllumMiq. Fruit
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2010
Antioxidant capacities of ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions of peel, pulp, and seeds of Canarium odontophyllum Miq. (CO) were determined using various in vitro antioxidant models. Ethylacetate fraction of peel (EAFPE) exhibited the highest total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities compared to pulp, seeds, and other solvent fractions. Antioxidant capacities were assayed by total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and hemoglobin oxidation assay. Total phenolic content of ethylacetate fractions was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. This is the first report on the antioxidant activities from CO fruit fractions. Thus, EAFPE can be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and as a possible pharmaceutical supplement.
Antioxidant Capacities of Peel, Pulp, and Seed Fractions of Canarium odontophyllum Miq. Fruit
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2010
Antioxidant capacities of ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions of peel, pulp, and seeds of Canarium odontophyllum Miq. (CO) were determined using various in vitro antioxidant models. Ethylacetate fraction of peel (EAFPE) exhibited the highest total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities compared to pulp, seeds, and other solvent fractions. Antioxidant capacities were assayed by total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and hemoglobin oxidation assay. Total phenolic content of ethylacetate fractions was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. This is the first report on the antioxidant activities from CO fruit fractions. Thus, EAFPE can be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and as a possible pharmaceutical supplement.
Antioxidant effect of anthocyanin on enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 1999
In vitro enzymatic and non-enzymatic polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation was significantly inhibited in a dose dependent manner by purified anthocyanin, a deep-red colour pigment from carrot cell culture. The kinetics showed that anthocyanin is a non-competitive inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Anthocyanin has been found to be a potent antioxidant compared to classical antioxidants such as butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butylated hydroxy toulene (BHT) and alpha tocopherol. This natural agent, in addition to imparting colour to the food, might prevent autooxidation of lipids as well as lipid peroxidation in biological systems.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: To validate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of purified anthocyanin extracted from the cell suspension culture of Clerodendron infortunatum Linn. Methods: A protocol has been developed for the induction of callus proliferation from leaf and nodal explants of C. infortunatum. The explants were inoculated on murashige and skoog (MS) medium supplemented with diverse combinations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benzylaminopurine (BAP) for triggering callus formation. Subsequently, the green compact callus has been sub-cultured in the medium fortified with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)and Kinetin for anthocyanin synthesis. Cell suspension culture was also established and the elicitor, salicylic acid was used for triggering anthocyanin synthesis. Three different chromatographic columns (solid phase extraction by Sepharose C18 column, Oasis-MCX and Amberlite XAD 7+Sephadex LH 120 sorbents) were employed to purify the in vitro synthesized anthocyanin from cell suspension cultures. For purity evaluation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and molar absorptivity assay was used. Further, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity was evaluated comparing with silymarine, as standard in rats. In vitro antioxidant scavenging activity was analysed by 2 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Results: After 1 mo, the leaf explants yielded remarkable green compactcallus on murashige and skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Salicylic acid enhanced anthocyanin synthesis. The mean purity values obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were 90.9%±1.9 and 80.60%±2.3 for Oasis MCX, Amberlite XAD-7+Sephadex LH-20 column respectively. However, the purity calculated by molar absorptivity was found to be less. The highest purity achieved using molar absorptivity analysis was with MCX cartidges i.e., 85.9±3.8%. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) yielded 12 anthocyanin fractions. Remarkable antioxidant scavenging activity was noticed as revealed by 2 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The hepatoprotective activity (25, 50, 100 mg/100g b. w) was compared with silymarine (25 mg/kg b. w) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity. Anthocyanin extract improved the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and recovered the activity of kidney function by decreasing the urea and creatinine content. In addition, the administration of anthocyanin significantly inhibited the oxidative stress via its scavenging of the reactive oxygen species formed by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) stress. Further, a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) accumulation and an increase of glutathione (GSH) content were noticed. Similarly, improved lipid profiles, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were also observed suggesting that anthocyanin significantly suppress the toxicity via its activation of antioxidant enzymes [glutathione transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. Conclusion: The overall results showed that the purified anthocyanin of C. infortunatum function as an antioxidant and thereby hepatoprotective protection against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity in animal models.
Anthocyanin antioxidants from edible fruits
Food Chemistry, 2004
The edible fruits of 12 plants were extracted in methanol and subjected to solvent-solvent partitioning to yield three fractions, hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous. The semi-purified aqueous fractions were separated over Diaion HP-20SS resin to remove sugars and ascorbic acid. These fractions were then screened for antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. Nine of the semi-purified fractions exhibited high antioxidant capacity. Cyanidin-3-O-b-glucopyranoside, an anthocyanin antioxidant, was identified from semi-purified aqueous fractions of the tropical fruit star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito), Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora), and jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora). Delphinidin-3-O-b-glucopyranoside was identified from E. uniflora.
International Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2014
Oxidative stress is developed due to susceptibility of biological substrates to oxidation by generation of free radicals. In degenerative diseases, oxidative stress level can be reduced by antioxidants which neutralize free radicals. Primary objective of this work was to screen four medicinal plants, namely, Andrographis paniculata, Costus speciosus, Canthium parviflorum, and Abrus precatorius, for their antioxidant property using two biological substrates-RBC and microsomes. The antioxidative ability of three solvent extracts, methanol (100% and 80%) and aqueous leaf extracts, was studied at different concentrations by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method using Fenton's reagent to induce oxidation in the substrates. The polyphenol and flavonoid content were analyzed to relate with the observed antioxidant effect of the extracts. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and -carotene in the samples. In microsomes, 80% methanol extract of Canthium and Costus and, in RBC, 80% methanol extract of Costus showed highest inhibition of oxidation and correlated well with the polyphenol and flavonoid content. From the results it can be concluded that antioxidants from medicinal plants are capable of inhibiting oxidation in biological systems, suggesting scope for their use as nutraceuticals.
Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, 2013
Opuntia joconostle fruit is a rich source of biocompounds such as polyphenols including gallic, vanilic, 4-hidroxybenzoic, cafeic, and syringic acids, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and vanillin, besides betalains. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of supplementation polyphenols-rich extracts from different parts of Opuntia joconostle against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in a mouse model. The animals were treated orally with polyphenols-rich extracts at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg BW for 30 consecutive days. On day 30 th the mice received carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) as hepatoxic agent. Biochemical evaluations were carried out 24 h after induction of the oxidative stress. Data showed that methanolic extracts from different parts of Opuntia joconostle exerting protective effect against the CCl 4-induced oxidative stress in mice. Histology examination revealed that the damage decreased in groups treated with polyphenols-rich extracts compared to the group that did not receive any treatment. Opuntia joconostle fruit contains many phenolic compounds, flavonoids and betalains. The protective effect of extracts may be related to the phenolic composition and also by a counteraction with other compounds, such as betalains and flavonoids that increase their antioxidant effect.
Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, 2013
Opuntia joconostle fruit is a rich source of biocompounds such as polyphenols including gallic, vanilic, 4-hidroxybenzoic, cafeic, and syringic acids, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and vanillin, besides betalains. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of supplementation polyphenols-rich extracts from different parts of Opuntia joconostle against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in a mouse model. The animals were treated orally with polyphenols-rich extracts at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg BW for 30 consecutive days. On day 30 th the mice received carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) as hepatoxic agent. Biochemical evaluations were carried out 24 h after induction of the oxidative stress. Data showed that methanolic extracts from different parts of Opuntia joconostle exerting protective effect against the CCl 4-induced oxidative stress in mice. Histology examination revealed that the damage decreased in groups treated with polyphenols-rich extracts compared to the group that did not receive any treatment. Opuntia joconostle fruit contains many phenolic compounds, flavonoids and betalains. The protective effect of extracts may be related to the phenolic composition and also by a counteraction with other compounds, such as betalains and flavonoids that increase their antioxidant effect.