INVESTIGATION OF GSM SIGNAL VARIATION DEPENDING WEATHER CONDITIONS (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of Mobile GSM Performance under Different Atmospheric Propagation Models
Eurasian Journal of Science and Engineering, 2018
Atmospheric propagation is very effective on the performance of the wireless, mobile, radar, and communication systems. In this paper different atmospheric models are constructed under different atmospheric conditions. The performance of a GSM mobile communication is tested under different atmospheric models. From the obtained results, it is noticed that the coverage of the mobile system antenna is changed highly if the refractive index model of certain country is changed. It is concluded that the atmospheric propagation is very essential parameter to be taken into account when the siting of a mobile GSM network is to be evaluated and designed. This study will be very useful in order to predict the performance of ground radio and airborne systems.
Impacts of Weather and Environmental Conditions on Mobile Communication Signals
Journal of Advances in Science and Engineering, 2018
The impacts of weather and environmental conditions on mobile communication signals were determined in this study. A Glo mobile communication network operating in the 900MHz band was considered. The Glo fixed base transceiver station (BTS) location at Gloworld in Benin City was considered. A frequency-signal tracker software, version 2.5.1 was installed and configured into a notebook Intel palm top, relative parameters data were obtained from 200 meters from the Glo BTS from 28 th of July to 31 st of August 2016, with data obtained hourly. Morning, afternoon and evening, and dry weather, fog weather and raining conditions was based on the statistical central tendency parameters. The average refractivity gradient observed was-61.3 N/km. It was observed that dry weather, signal strength variation was within 32 dBm, fog, variation was within 34 dBm range, while the variation of rain was within 38 dBm range indicating higher variation. It was observed that the more the mobile station move away from the BTS the higher the signal loss and that temperature and refractivity gradient has 0.50 and 0.42 positive correlations. In addition, relative humidity and pressure possesses negative correlations of-0.50 and-0.44 respectively.
Experiments of the Propagation through Forest at GSM Frequencies (2G-3G-4G)
The increasing demand of clear communication in any situation and in any environment leads people to find a better way to communicate. Since the presence of tree canopies can affect the ability of a GSM signals through its way, one of the hardest environment is forested areas. In order to find a better way to communicate, the propagation features of the environment should be known.This study investigates the attenuation characteristics of GSM (2G, 3G and 4G) frequencies in the forest. Some theoretical models from literature were studied and simulated. The electrical field of the transmitted signal was measured in Sakarya. Due to weather and seasonal conditions, experiment was re-modeled with the trees with small, thin trunk and high amount of leaves. Finally, the literature data and experimental data were compared and discussed.
— This work measured experimentally, and calculated theoretically using the existing Friis Fomula, the Attenuation of 92.1 MHz (Ajilete FM) Signals along Gambari(Lat 8 o 29 1 N; Long 4 o 29 1) – Oyo-Road(Lat 7 o 50 1 N; Long 3 o 56 1 E), Oyo State Nigeria. The two results were compared. The experimental Measurement campaign was achieved by using an appropriate design dipole antenna, well matched to (810 GSP Analyser), to determine the attenuation. The calculated results correlated very well with the measurements (Correlation Coefficient Value R 2 =1). But, they are not accurate when compared with the measurements (Chi-square values equal zero for received power, measured attenuation). The inaccuracies of the results for the existing formula with the measurements may be due to hills, valleys, trees and bends along the links. Hence the accuracy of the model used can only be effectively confirmed in areas free of the obstacles mentioned above. By applying LEAST SQUARE fit method to the experimental measured data, the analytical models, P(x)= 0.0154x 2-1.3575x-38.7620 and A(x)= 0132x 2-1.2464x-104.8487, in the form of polynomial of degree two, were obtained respectively for received power and measured attenuation. The analytical model obtained is therefore recommended for use in an area characterised with bends, valleys, hills and trees, since the model has taken into consideration all these factors. In addition, repeater stations should be installed for effective transmission and for wider coverage in forested and valley areas. Moreover, transmitter of higher value like ten kilowatts should be employed for long distance transmission.
A Consideration of Propagation Loss Models for GSM during Harmattan in N'djamena (Chad)
The paper discusses the influence of propagation environment in a GSM mobile network. It considers the measurement and prediction results for a special case of propagation, that is, the harmattan, in a live network. The harmattan precipitation intensity may be so great that visibility at ground level is reduced to less than a hundred meters by dust clusters. In this paper, the path loss during harmattan in N'djamena (Chad) is computed from the received signal strength at various distances for three major roads. The Hata and Free-space models were applied, and compared with received signal measurement data. The results indicate that measurement data and the Hata prediction model agree closely while the free space model generally underestimates the path loss phenomena. The significance here is that various forms of precipitation such as rain, snow, cloud and fog absorb and scatter electromagnetic energy leading to attenuation in its signal strength. The study indicates that harmattan precipitates do inflict attenuation significantly.
Instantaneous GSM Signal Strength Variation with Weather and Environmental Factors
Spatial and temporal changes that transmitted radio signals may go through are attributed to variations in the atmospheric conditions as well as other environmental factors. This work evaluates and establishes some atmospheric and environmental variables that have a dominating impact on temporal signal strength fluctuations that are experienced even on a fixed location. The average refractivity gradient dN/dh computed from hourly measurement taken at a fixed location for seven days was -61.3 N/km and so the average propagation conditions correspond to the normal mode, although super refraction was to be expected at about 10 am and 8 pm. On the overall, the variation in dN/dh does not actually explain the temporal variations in the received signal Pr, since the correlation between the variables is as low as 0.091. Among the environmental factors investigated for their effect on signal strength fluctuations, receiver location has a dominating impact.
2013
Mobile phones are used by a wide range of people. Even children use mobile phone although they are in high risk group. Because of this, use of mobile phone should be evaluated based on valid and safe information and measurements. We can utilize mobile phone in a way we desire, that is, we can turn it off in order to avoid its radiation when we do not want to use it. However, we cannot control base stations; moreover we do not know where they are mounted. So, radiation of base stations has more importance than that of mobile phones in this respect. Additionally, some GSM service providers may prefer to conceal base station in a way people cannot notice when people are probably opposed to mounting of base station very close to their live space. In this paper, signal strength of base stations (900 MHz) in a pilot region were measured and recorded. The selected region was averagely 500,000 m2 and has 4 base stations. 53 measurement points were determined on the streets of the region. Th...
Effects of Climatic Changes on GSM Signal in Lagos Metropolitan Terrain
The nexus of this study is to examine thoroughly the dependence of climatological parameters on GSM signal, especially in a metropolitan terrain. To validate this work, field measurements were carried out in the ITU regions of Lagos metropolitan area. The measurement system consisted of live documented radio base stations (BS) data transmitting at 13GHz, 15GHz and 23GHz in seven sites that constituted a metropolitan environment. The seven sites were segmented into non-urban (rural), suburban, urban, Ex-urban, dense-urban, micro-urban and peri-urban propagation environment. The Rain outage of the annual unavailability of the region of metropolitan data was collected using a Lenovo Laptop with installed path loss software alongside a licensed key called DONGLE. Results of this effort reveal that climate change affects signal propagation.
THE EFFECT OF CLIMATIC CHANGE ON GSM SIGNAL PROPAGATION
This work examines the dependence of climatological parameters in determining GSM signal propagation. To validate the phenomenon, field measurement were carried out considering the ITU regions in Nigeria. The measurement system consisted of live documented radio base stations (BS) data transmitting at 13GHz, 15GHz and 23GHz. Rain outage of the annual unavailability of the region's data was collected using a Lenovo laptop with installed PATHLOSS software, along with a licensed key called DONGLE .The system was connected to the internet in order to get the Google earth data and the regions.
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2014
An exact radio propagation model is important for coping up with new challenges in the field of communication like: appropriate design, deployment and service management strategies for any wireless network. Analysis of outdoor propagation models is important for the purpose of signal coverage prediction, data reception analysis of performance parameters like Rx Lev, Rx Qual, FER, BER, reception schemes, and analysis of signal attenuation under different environments and in the determination of the optimum location for the purpose of installation of base stations. The aim of this work is to carry out a comparative study of different outdoor propagation models with respect to empirical data collected from DIT University (formally Dehradun Institute of Technology), Dehradun by drive testing using TEMS Investigation tools at 1.8GHz. This study involves obtaining the mean received power distribution at specified receiver distance from the respective GSM base station. The measurement process was based on signal strength measurement and the study revealed that out of all the outdoor propagation models. Only COST Hata model, COST Hata W-B model and Ericsson model approximated the measurement characteristics and hence they can be deployed for network planning in this region. Measurement process of signal strength and data collection methodology also discuss in this paper.