The Concept of the Post-Secular and the Contemporary Nexus of Religion, Media, Popular Culture, and Consumer Culture (original) (raw)

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The paper discusses the evolving understanding of religion's role in contemporary Western societies through the concept of the 'post-secular.' It critiques existing secularization theories and emphasizes the need for a more robust empirical foundation for the post-secular concept, particularly by exploring the interplay between religion, media, popular culture, and consumer culture. The authors argue that a deeper integration of these elements may illuminate the complexities of the religious landscape today, moving beyond the limitations of traditional secular perspectives.

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References (196)

  1. Notes * We are thankful to Jan Svanberg, Sofi a Sjö, Tuomas Martikainen, Gordon Lynch, and Mia Lövheim for their helpful and constructive remarks on earlier drafts of this chapter.
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  37. Stig Hjarvard, "h e Mediatization of Religion: A h eory of the Media as Agents of Religious Change, " Northern Lights 6 (2008): 9-26; The Mediatization of Religion: Enchantment, Media and Popular Culture , Northern Lights 2008 (Bristol: Intellect, 2008); cf. Stewart M. Hoover, "Complexities: h e Case of Religious Studies, " in Mediatization: Concept, Changes, Consequences , 123-38.
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  39. Cf. Hent de Vries, "Introduction: Before, Around, and Beyond the h eo- logico-Political, " in Political h eologies: Public Religions in a Post-Secular World , ed. Hent de Vries and Lawrence E. Sullivan (New York: Fordham University Press, 2006), 8.
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  41. Stolow, "Religion, Media, and Globalization, " 544.
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  47. Ibid., 135.
  48. Cf. Lynch, "Religion, Media and Cultures of Everyday Life, " 553; Fairclough, Media Discourse .
  49. Hodkinson, Media , 146.
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  52. Hodkinson, Media , 203.
  53. Cf. Lynch, "h e Role of Popular Music in the Construction of Alternative Spiritual Identities and Ideologies, " Journal for the Scientifi c Study of Religion 45 (2006): 482-83.
  54. E.g., Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) , 121; Lynch, "h e Role of Popular Music, " 482.
  55. E.g., David Lyon, Jesus in Disneyland: Religion in Postmodern Times (Cam- bridge: Polity Press, 2000), 56-64;
  56. Daniel A. Stout, "Beyond Culture Wars: An Introduction to the Study of Religion and Popular Culture, " in Religion and Popular Culture: Studies on the Interaction of Worldviews , ed. Daniel A. Stout and Judith M. Buddenbaum (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 2001), 3-17; Hoover, Religion in the Media Age , 290.
  57. E.g., Stout, "Beyond Culture Wars, " 8; Jeff rey H. Mahan, "Refl ections on the Past and Future of the Study of Religion and Popular Culture, " in Between Sacred and Profane Researching Religion and Popular Culture , ed. Gordon Lynch (London. I.B. Tauris, 2007), 48.
  58. Cf. Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) , 119.
  59. David Morgan, "Studying Religion and Popular Culture: Prospects, Pre- suppositions Procedures, " in Between Sacred and Profane , 24; John Storey, Inventing Popular Culture: From Folklore to Globalization (Oxford: Black- well, 2003).
  60. Gordon Lynch, Understanding h eology and Popular Culture (Oxford: Blackwell, 2005), 14; cf. Lynn Schofi eld Clark, "Why Study Popular Culture? Or, How to Build a Case for your h esis in a Religious Studies or h eology Department, " in Between Sacred and Profane , 8-9.
  61. Cf. Lynch, "Religion, Media and Cultures of Everyday Life, " 548. 56. Ibid., 553.
  62. E.g., Clark, From Angels ; Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) ;
  63. h e Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 2): Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralization, Popular Culture and Occulture (London: Continuum, 2005);
  64. Richard W. Santana and Gregory Erickson, Religion and Popular Culture: Rescripting the Sacred (Jeff erson, NC: McFarland Publishers, 2008).
  65. Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) ;
  66. Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) , 3-4.
  67. Ibid., 68.
  68. Ibid., 84.
  69. Ibid., 85.
  70. Ibid., 119.
  71. Ibid., 53; cf. Hoover, Religion in the Media Age , 28.
  72. Partridge, Re-enchantment of the West (vol. 1) , 53.
  73. Bruce D. Forbes, "Introduction: Finding Religion in Unexpected Places, " in Religion and Popular Culture in America , ed. Bruce D. Forbes and Jeff rey H. Mahan, rev. ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005), 5.
  74. Nikos Passas, "h e Market for Gods and Services: Religion, Commerce, and Deviance, " in Between Sacred and Secular: Research and h eory on Quasi-Religion , Religion and the Social Order, vol. 4, ed. Arthur L. Greil and h omas Robbins (London: Jai Press, 1994), 225.
  75. James A. Beckford, Social h eory and Religion (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 197-98; cf. Turner, Religion and Modern Society , 176-78.
  76. Passas, "Market for Gods, " 224-25.
  77. E.g., Mike Featherstone, Consumer Culture and Postmodernism , 2nd ed. (London: Sage, 2007).
  78. Cf. Turner, Religion and Modern Society , xii, 149-50; Justin Beaumont, "Transcending the Particular in Postsecular Cities, " in Exploring the Post- secular , 11.
  79. E.g., Einstein, Brands of Faith , 35-36.
  80. Ibid.
  81. E.g., Ibid., 120-22.
  82. Erik Sengers, "Marketing in Dutch Mainline Congregations: What Religious Organizations Off er and How h ey Do It, " Journal of Contemporary Religion 25 (2010): 21-35.
  83. E.g., Anne-Christine Hornborg, "Designing Rites to Reenchant Secularized Society: New Varieties of Spiritualized h erapy in Contemporary Sweden, " Journal of Religion and Health (May 2010), http://www.springerlink.com/ content/x1qp028pq0542443/fulltext.pdf (accessed January 18, 2011);
  84. Tom Heller and Geraldine Lee Treweek, Perspectives on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005).
  85. E.g., Linda Woodhead and Paul Heelas, Religion in Modern Times: An Interpretive Anthology (Oxford: Blackwell, 2000), 173-213; Lyon, Jesus in Disneyland , 73-96; Tuomas Martikainen, "Religion and Consumer Culture, " Tidskrift for kirke, religion og samfunn 14 (2001): 111-25; Robert Burton Ekelund and others, h e Marketplace of Christianity (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006).
  86. Max Weber, h e Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1905; repr., Mineola, NY: Courier Dover Publications, 2003).
  87. E.g., Laurence R. Moore, Selling God: American Religion in the Marketplace of Culture (Bridgewater, NJ: Replica Books, 2001);
  88. Mark A. Noll, ed., God and Mammon: Protestants, Money, and the Market, 1790-1860 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001);
  89. John Michael Giggie and Diane H. Winston, Faith in the Market: Religion and the Rise of Urban Commercial Culture (Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002); Ekelund and others, Marketplace .
  90. E.g., Passas, "Market for Gods"; Martyn Percy, "h e Church in the Market Place: Advertising and Religion in a Secular Age, " Journal of Contemporary Religion 15 (2000): 97-119; Martikainen, "Religion and Consumer Culture"; "Consuming a Cathedral: Commodifi cation of Religious Places in Late Modernity, " Fieldwork in Religion 2 (2006): 126-144; James B. Twitchell, Branded Nation: h e Marketing of Megachurch, College Inc., and Mu- seumworld (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004); Shopping for God. How Christianity Went from In Your Heart to In Your Face (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007);
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  98. E.g., Colleen McDannell, Material Christianity: Religion and Popular Culture in America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1995);
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  100. Heather Hendershot, Shaking the World for Jesus: Media and Conservative Evangelical Culture (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004);
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  102. E.g., Einstein, Brands of Faith .
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  104. It should be noted that the term "alternative spirituality" is problematic. It posits that certain types of religiosity (in specifi c institutional expressions of Christianity) are normative and casts types of religiosity that diverge from the model as in some way "deviant. " See Marion Bowman and Steven J. Sutcliff e, "Introduction, " in Beyond the New Age: Exploring Alternative Spirituality , ed. Marion Bowman and Steven Sutcliff e (Edinburgh: Edin- burgh University Press, 2000), 10-11.
  105. E.g., Kimberly Lau, New Age Capitalism: Making Money East of Eden (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000);
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  110. E.g., Casanova, Public Religions ; "Public Religions Revisited, " in Religion: Beyond a Concept , ed. Hent de Vries (New York: Fordham University Press, 2008);
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  113. Turner, Religion and Modern Society , 147.
  114. Cf. Davie, "Resacralization, " 168.
  115. Cf. Ibid., 162-63.
  116. Cf. Murphy, "Discourse, " 404-7;
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