Head and chest injury outcomes in struck side crashes (original) (raw)
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Injury Outcomes in Side Impacts Involving Modern Passenger Cars
2007
ABSTRACT This study examines some characteristics of side impact crashes involving modern passenger cars. The UK National Accident Database (STATS 19) and UK In-depth Accident Database (CCIS) were analysed to determine crash characteristics and injury outcomes in side impacts. UK national accident data (300,000 road crash records per year) shows clear improvements in injury outcomes in side impacts when a sample of 'older'vehicle designs are compared to 'newer'vehicle designs.
Factors related to fatal injury in frontal crashes involving European cars
Annual proceedings / Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 2006
Despite considerable improvements in frontal impact crashworthiness, frontal crashes still account for a major number of front seat occupant fatalities in Great Britain. This study attempted to determine the remaining potential for further fatality reduction with passive safety improvements in frontal crashes. No evidence was found to support an increase in crash test speeds. Instead, assessment of scope for survival showed that at least 27% of all fatal drivers and 39% of all fatal front seat passengers have survival potential given attention to older occupant's chest injury tolerance and passenger compartment intrusion under 60 km/h. Considering only fatal frontal crashes that might be assessed with a barrier test, showed an estimated survival potential of at least 49% of belted drivers and 60% of belted front seat passengers. The high proportion of unbelted fatalities suggested that targeting unbelted occupant protection could have additional benefit.
Some characteristics of side-impact crashes involving modern passenger vehicles
2006
This study examines some characteristics of side impact crashes involving modern passenger cars. The UK National Accident Database (STATS 19) and UK In-depth Accident Database (CCIS) were analysed to determine crash characteristics and injury outcomes in side impacts. UK national accident data shows that clear improvements in injury outcomes in side impacts have been observed when a sample of 'older'vehicle designs are compared to 'newer'vehicle designs. The same is true in frontal and non-struck side impact crashes ( ...
2006
Leg injuries in real-world crashes have been studied in order to examine the effects of design and regulation on leg injury outcome. Data from the UK Co-operative Crash Injury Study have been used in this study. Lower extremity injuries are by far the most costly injuries and account for some 43% of injury costs in both front and struck-side crashes. In terms of injury frequency, pelvis and lower extremity injuries account for 25.8% of AIS2+ injuries in frontal crashes in 'newer'vehicles (those manufactured post-1998) and 20.7% of ...
Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1997
Injury type and severity among front outboard occupants of passenger vehicles struck in the side by another passenger vehicle and recorded in the United States National Accident Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System were examined in relation to the location of impact, the angle of impact, occupant gender and age, seat belt use, the weight and body style of the side-impacted vehicle, and the weight and body style of the striking vehicle. Elderly occupants were three times as likely as younger occupants in similar crashes to be seriously injured. Serious injuries were also more likely for occupants seated on the struck side and occupants of lightweight passenger vehicles. After accounting for vehicle weight differences, struck-side occupants of cars were still much more likely to be seriously injured than struck-side occupants of light trucks. However, among occupants seated on the side of the vehicle opposite the impact, the likelihood of serious injury was higher for those seated in light trucks. 0 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd
2010 IRCOBI …, 2010
For the EC 7th Framework Action COVER and to support the THORAX and THOMO projects, the objectives of this work were to: define the current state of knowledge on thorax injuries in frontal impacts; extend that knowledge to define in detail thorax injuries for diverse user groups; and recommend priorities for biomechanical testing, crash test dummy development, and injury risk functions that would be most relevant for future advanced frontal impact dummies. This paper brings together accident data analyses from the UK, Germany, and France to address these objectives. Based on the results of these analyses the authors observed that there was an increased risk for older occupants to sustain a torso injury. There also tends to be a greater torso injury risk for occupants seated in the front passenger seat compared with the driver's seat. Fractures to the ribs and then the sternum were the most frequently occurring types of injury at the AIS 2 severity level. Injuries to the lungs were the most frequently occurring visceral injuries to the torso.
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1993
Improvements to the passive safety of cars in lateral collisions are of great importance. This study of injuries in car side collisions in Sweden by the use of two evaluation methods has been performed to establish the basis for future development of protective systems for this type of accident. The Folksam car accident data file has been used. Injuries were found to be twice as common for near-side than for far-side* occupants in car to car impacts. Serious to fatal (AIS 3-6) injuries to belted front seat occupants in near side impacts (10% of all injuries) were compared with the estimated number of injuries to different parts of the body with risk of serious consequences (RSC)-either deaths or permanent disabilities (4.5% of all injuries). The two injury evaluation methods resulted in different ranking orders. AIS 3-6 injuries were received by the chest (37%), a~omen/~lvis (25%), and the head (15%). The RSC method gave a ranking order of head (25%), neck (2 I%), leg (1 S%), chest ( 149/o), and a~omen/~lvis ( 1 t%). The method of evaluating AIS 3-6 injuries emphasizes only the threat to life.
Chest injuries in real-world side impact crashes: An overview
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1997 …, 1997
Abstract: This study examines 282 individual Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 2 or greater injuries to the chest that occurred in a sample of United Kingdom side impact crashes. The injuries were all sustained by front seat occupants seated on the struck side. Crash characteristics such as collision severity, object struck and injury contact source that were associated with the injuries are examined. Overall, the study reinforces the view that reduction of injury severity should rely on controlling the magnitude and distribution of the ...
An overview of upper extremity injuries to car occupants in UK vehicle crashes
1997
To date, little is known about the biomechanics and epidemiology (in car crashes) of upper extremity injury and yet this body region, consisting of the shoulder, arms and hands is perhaps the most useful and versatile segment of the human body. Injury to this region is rarely life threatening but can produce impairment and disability. In this study, specifically AIS 2+ upper extremity injuries (most of which were fractures) were examined. In frontal struck side and rollover crashes, the risk of these injuries was found to be higher than that ...