The role of facts and HVDC in the future PAN-European transmission system development (original) (raw)
The time and space distribution characteristics of future high proportion of renewable energy sources will bring unprecedented challenges to the electric power system's processing and planning, the basic form of electric power system and operating characteristics will have fundamental changes. Based on the research status quo at home and abroad, this paper expounds the four scientific problems of the transmission network planning with high proportion of renewable energy. Respectively, from the network source collaborative planning, transmission network flexible planning. With the distribution network in conjunction with the transmission network planning, transmission planning program comprehensive evaluation and decision-making methods. This paper puts forward the research ideas and framework of transmission network planning considering the high proportion of renewable energy. At the end, the future high proportion of (renewable energy) grid-connected transmission network's opportunities and challenges are presented.
Transmission and Distribution Networks: AC versus DC
The fast development of power electronics based on new and powerful semiconductor devices has led to innovative technologies, such as HVDC, which can be applied to transmission and distribution systems. The distribution voltage level is smaller than the transmission one, thus the power electronics are less expensive in distribution. The technical and economical benefits of this technology represent an alternative to the application in AC systems. Some aspects, such as deregulation in the power industry, opening of the market for delivery of cheaper energy to customers and increasing the capacity of transmission and distribution of the existing lines are creating additional requirements for the operation of power systems. HVDC offer major advantages in meeting these requirements.
FACTS and HVDC Technologies for the
2011
The fast development of power electronics based on new and powerful semiconductor devices has led to innovative technologies, such as high voltage dc transmission (HVDC) and flexible ac transmission system (FACTS), which can be applied in transmission and distribution systems. This paper has discussed the application of high voltage power electronics FACTS and HVDC controllers, needs of advance FACTS and HVDC based control for future power system and enhancing system stability and its development. HVDC and FACTS offer major advantages in meeting these requirements. Keywords—Flexible ac transmission system FACTS), High-voltage dc transmission (HVDC), FACTS devices, Power system development and reliability, power system controllers
Advanced transmission technologies in Europe: A roadmap towards the Smart Grid evolution
2011 IEEE Trondheim PowerTech, 2011
The progressive re-engineering of the European power transmission system will involve a spectrum of innovative technologies. Their level of application by Transmission System Operators (TSOs) will vary from one control area to the other, also based on past experiences and today's operation constraints. The present paper introduces a Technology Integration Roadmap, developed within the European research project REALISEGRID, with the aim to analyze the evolution of advanced transmission technologies over the next three decades towards their integration into the European power system. This roadmap is based upon a systemic approach which takes into due account two knowledge elements: the transmission system perspective and the technological perspective. It is organized into high level technology components based on a common long-term vision of the European electricity network by 2030, the critical system challenges driving that vision and the overall benefits expected from the implementation of this spectrum of technologies. The present paper proposes an Action Agenda for the next three decades, with potential integration trajectories including milestones as seen by TSOs and manufacturers respectively.
Improvement of Transmission Capacity by FACTS devices in Central East Europe power system
IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2016
The increased demand for power transfer in combination with environmental and economic issues which set constraints to building new lines, force the implementation of new technologies into the existing system in order to improve its power capability. This paper investigates the use of specific FACTS devices and WAMS systems to maximize total transfer capability generally defined as the maximum power transfer transaction in Central-East-Europe power system. Optimal allocation and control of these devices will be very important for TSO or other power market regulators. Effectiveness, optimal allocation and utilization of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for different types of FACTS devices designed for power flow control and increasing transfer capacity were investigated. Paper also compares the economic aspects of these devices.
Why And Why Not To Go For HVDC
Talking about the expansion taking place in power of electronic apparatus, a noteworthy influence has been put up by the evolution of high-power and high-voltage semiconductor technology. Complete or partial deregulated networks have used this approach in order to carry out management and other efficient operations related to electrical grids. High-Voltage Direct-Current (HVDC) transmission of power as well as the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) has advanced forward to fit in the futuristic aspects. In this paper, we have presented a brief as well as deep overview of aspects related to HVDC which can help to decide whether to go for HVDC or for any other option. Firstly, history of the HVDC is discussed which is followed by the introduction of different types of links used by HVDC. The key factors which need to focused upon while taking the any decision related to transmission systems is then explained by analyzing and considering the conceptual, economical, environmental and technical perspectives. Reasons for why and why not to go for HVDC are then presented. It squabbles that HVAC can take a back seat in some scenarios whereas HVDC will stand the test of futuristic challenges as the emphasized advantages of HVDC will always turn out to be winners as compared to its disadvantages. Some of major HVDC transmission systems and HVDC application areas are explained. The paper concludes by pinpointing the open future research challenges related to this technology.
INFLUENCE OF FACTS DEVICES ON ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2020
This report contains the study of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) equipment operation in transmission systems. In the present scenario the demand for electrical energy has increased manifold. This has led to the facing of power transmission limitation crisis by energy transmission systems. The limitations occur due to maintaining a balance between supplying the allowed level of voltage and maintaining stability of the system. Due to the power crisis the FACTS devices play a crucial role in the present scenario. In energy transmission systems FACTS are effective equipments on power control. They help facilitating the improvement in power transmission capability while minimising the transmission losses and impact on the environment. They also aid in the improvement of power quality while maintaining the stability of the system.The principal operating modes and applications of FACTS equipment in transmission and distribution system such as Static Var Compensator (SVC), Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), Thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC), Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is discussed in this report. The characteristics of FC-TCR and UPFC were studied and their models were simulated in Matlab using simulink. In Fixed capacitor Thyristor Controlled Reactor the regulation of power flow was done by changing the firing angle of the thyristor. The compensation obtained was better than that of a normal transmission line. In case of Unified Power Flow Controller the injected voltage and the injected current were the control parameters. The power flow can be regulated by changing the magnitude or phase of the injected voltage while for the injected current the value of the injected current and the shunt resistance are varied for regulating power flow
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)Transmission Systems Technology Review Paper
Synopsis Beginning with a brief historical perspective on the development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems, this paper presents an overview of the status of HVDC systems in the world today. It then reviews the underlying technology of HVDC systems, and discusses the HVDC systems from a design, construction, operation and maintenance points of view. The paper then discusses the recent developments in HVDC technologies. The paper also presents an economic and financial comparison of HVDC system with those of an AC system; and provides a brief review of reference installations of HVDC systems. The paper concludes with a brief set of guidelines for choosing HVDC systems in today's electricity system development.
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research , 2015
The effective solution for the bulk power transmission to a larger distance is only possible with the utilization of the three technologies. Firstly, High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) which gives us fewer losses in order to cover larger distances. Secondly High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Voltage Source Convertor (VSC) which converts the AC Power into DC power and which provide better active and reactive power compensations during transmission of an electrical power to a large distance. Third one is the FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission system) which is actually the combination of series and shunt convertors and can provide better voltage and power stability, and allow the electrical power to be transmitted to a larger distance with fewer losses as compared to simple AC transmission lines. The main idea behind this research is the Load Flow model implementation of the future European super grid technology, using High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC), High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) using voltage source convertors (VSC), and FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission system), and then compare these models with one another in order to prove different facts which will lead us to the conclusion than instead of using Ultra-High Voltage AC we can used Ultra-High Voltage DC as an effective solution for bulk power transmission (Active Power) especially of Renewable energy for Covering larger distances. This Research work also Summarizes an overall picture of the European Super Grid Technology which will be completely implemented in a Practical way in 2050 and which will used these above technologies in order to provide a secure and sustainable Electrical Energy to different European Countries.