Using adult mosquitoes to transfer insecticides to Aedes aegypti larval habitats (original) (raw)
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African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2013
Dengue is a significant public health issue in urban and suburban areas. It is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Due to lack of specific antiviral treatment or vaccine against dengue, vector control presently appears to be the only effective method for dengue prevention and control. Various methods are in use for vector control depending upon geography and climatic conditions of the endemic areas. Although still widely used are chemical, biological and environmental management techniques, the overall problem remains very challenging. This is due to several limitations associated with existing vector control strategies in terms of cost, delivery and long-term sustainability, however, several new innovative tools are being developed. For example, the release of mosquitoes carrying a dominant lethal system or those harboring Wolbachia, that interferes with dengue virus transmission are in the pipeline. Very often vector control programmes involve the use of entomopathogenic bacteria including Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus thuringiensis which produce highly potent toxins, targeted specifically against mosquitoes larvae. Any vector control strategy should be selected in accordance to scientific evidence and appropriateness for the epidemiological setting. The current review aimed to discuss the merits of various approaches with reference to vector control required for effective dengue outbreak prevention and control.
Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2014
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JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
Aedes mosquitoes are crucial vectors of many significant viral infections. The intensifying and convoluted threat of dengue on a global scale warrants enhanced approaches to mosquito control. This short communication aims to provide an overview of the various types of environmental, biological, plant-based and chemical control strategies employed worldwide to curb dengue outbreaks which are worthy of reflection. The use of synthetic insecticides as the predominant method to reduce the spread of dengue has been widely adopted, albeit with caution. The prolonged dependency and repetitive usage of chemical insecticides has been associated with negative ecological and physiological dangers, necessitating the pursuit of alternative strategies to augment existing methods of mosquito control. This review aims to discuss the effectiveness of existing insecticides and the potential use of natural larvicides of botanical origin against dengue using literature sourced from electronic databases...
Dengue vector control: present status and future prospects
Gaoxiong yi xue ke xue za zhi = The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences, 1994
Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) have been the most common urban diseases in Southeast Asia since the 1950s. More recently, the diseases have spread to Central and South America and are now considered as worldwide diseases. Both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are involved in the transmission of DF/DHF in Southeast Asian region. The paper discusses the present status and future prospects of Aedes control with reference to the Malaysian experience. Vector control approaches which include source reduction and environmental management, larviciding with the use of chemicals (synthetic insecticides and insect growth regulators and microbial insecticide), and adulticiding which include personal protection measures (household insecticide products and repellents) for long-term control and space spray (both thermal fogging and ultra low volume sprays) as short-term epidemic measures are discussed. The potential incorporation of IGRs and Bacillus thuringiensis-14 (Bti)...
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CABI eBooks, 2014
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Vector Control for Prevention of Dengue: Current Status and Future Strategies
When implemented properly, vector control can be an effective strategy for preventing mosquito-borne disease. Yet dengue control failures continue to be the norm rather than the exception. Reliance on prescribed control strategies and targets continues despite a clear understanding that the complex dynamics of dengue virus transmission is inconsistent with universal efficacy. Promising advances in control technology are on the horizon, but it is unlikely these will be effective for use either in isolation or across all epidemiological situations. Locally-adaptive control strategies that combine available tools in a manner suitable for the particular situation will increase the uptake, efficacy, and impact of dengue vector control programs. Widespread adoption of a locally-adaptive approach to dengue vector control will require a paradigm shift from current strategies (1). For vector control programs and personnel to effectively move from broadly-prescribed guidelines to autonomous d...
Building the evidence base for dengue vector control: searching for certainty in an uncertain world
Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), 2018
This review discusses biological and chemical methods for dengue vector control, using recently emerging summary evidence, meta-analyses and systematic reviews to conclude on practical public health recommendations for Aedes control, which is increasingly relevant in an era of widespread Chikungunya, yellow feer and Zika outbreaks. The analysis follows an a priori framework of systematic reviews by the authors on vector control methods, distinguishing vector control methods into biological, chemical and environmental methods. Findings of each published systematic review by the authors, following each individual vector control method, are summarised and compared in the discussion against the findings of existing meta-analyses covering all vector control methods. Analysing nine systematic reviews and comparing to two existing meta-analyses provided low-to-moderate evidence that the control of Aedes mosquitoes can be achieved using 1) chemical methods, particularly indoor residual spraying and insecticide treated materials, and 2) biological methods, where appropriate. The level of efficacy and community effectiveness of the methods in most studies analysed is low, as was the overall assessment of study quality. Furthermore, the results show that too optimise results, larvae and adults should be targeted simultaneously. The quality of service delivery is probably one of the most important features of this analysisand including high coverage. The analysis also highlights the urgent need for standards to guide the design and reporting of vector control studies, ensuring the validity and comparability of results. These studies should aim to include measurements of human transmission datawhere and when possible.
A Critical Assessment of Vector Control for Dengue Prevention
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015
Recently, the Vaccines to Vaccinate (v2V) initiative was reconfigured into the Partnership for Dengue Control (PDC), a multi-sponsored and independent initiative. This redirection is consistent with the growing consensus among the dengue-prevention community that no single intervention will be sufficient to control dengue disease. The PDC's expectation is that when an effective dengue virus (DENV) vaccine is commercially available, the public health community will continue to rely on vector control because the two strategies complement and enhance one another. Although the concept of integrated intervention for dengue prevention is gaining increasingly broader acceptance, to date, no consensus has been reached regarding the details of how and what combination of approaches can be most effectively implemented to manage disease. To fill that gap, the PDC proposed a three step process: (1) a critical assessment of current vector control tools and those under development, (2) outlining a research agenda for determining, in a definitive way, what existing tools work best, and (3) determining how to combine the best vector control options, which have systematically been defined in this process, with DENV vaccines. To address the first step, the PDC convened a meeting of international experts during November 2013 in Washington, DC, to critically assess existing vector control interventions and tools under development. This report summarizes those deliberations.