Comparison of two epidemiological protocols for measuring airway responsiveness and allergic sensitivity in adults (original) (raw)
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Pediatric Dermatology, 2007
The histamine skin response is widely used as a standardized positive control in the performance of skin prick testing. As a part of the Aalst Allergy Study, we investigated whether histamine skin reactivity, using histamine 10 mg/mL, was influenced by age, gender, ethnic origin, environmental exposure, specific sensitization patterns, or other factors. The parents of 2021 nonselected children aged 3.4-14.8 years completed a baseline questionnaire and gave written informed consent for skin prick testing with seven common aeroallergens on their child. Sensitized children had significantly larger histamine wheal sizes than nonsensitized children (mean 4.3 vs 4.0 mm, p < 0.05). A significant difference was found in histamine wheal size between nonsensitized versus multiply sensitized children (p < 0.001), but not between mono-sensitized versus multiply sensitized children (p ¼ 0.105). The only other factors associated with significantly larger histamine wheal sizes were a history of eczema and a history suggestive for asthma on the Brief Pediatric Asthma Screen Plus. The histamine wheal was absent in 8.9% of children. In conclusion, sensitization and some other clinical indicators of atopy were associated with a larger histamine skin wheal. Other conditions including gender and environmental exposure did not have an influence on histamine skin reactivity, which strengthens the use of histamine as a reference in skin prick testing in this age group.
A study of some current methods for assessment of nasal histamine reactivity
Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, 1997
The aim of this study was to investigate the reactivity of the nasal mucosa of patients with pollen allergy compared to healthy controls\ when challenged with histamine outside the pollen season[ Assessments were made with symptom score\ acoustic rhinometry\ nasal peak expiratory and inspiratory~ow "NPEF and NPIF# and rhinomanometry in order to _nd the most sensitive method for the purpose[ Twenty!one patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and 19 healthy controls were challenged with histamine dihydrochloride in increasing concentrations "9[90\ 9[0\ 0[9 mg:ml# locally in the nose[ Our results show no di}erence in mucosal reactivity between the patients and controls regardless of the method used[ When comparing the methods we _nd that NPIF and NPEF are more sensitive to mucosal changes than the other methods we have studied[ Keywords seasonal aller`ic rhinitis histamine provocation mucosal reactivity nasal peak expiratorỹ ow nasal peak inspiratory~ow Data presented over the last few years concerning allergic tributor to the allergic reaction\ instilled locally in the nose rhinitis indicate an increase in the prevalence of the produces a similar response[ The _rst aim of this study was to condition[ 0\1 The reason for this is not yet fully known[ It has compare the mucosal reactivity in patients with allergic rhi! been shown that patients with allergic rhinitis develop an nitis to that in healthy controls outside the pollen season by increasing mucosal reactivity during the pollen season\ an instilling increasing concentrations of histamine into the nose[ up!regulation of the allergic reaction\ called priming 2 which The reaction was monitored by symptom score\ acoustic rhi! remains even when pollen counts drop[ It has been suggested nometry\ nasal peak expiratory~ow\ nasal peak inspiratory that the reactivity of the nasal mucosa of allergic individuals~o w and rhinomanometry[ A pronounced mucosal reaction returns to normal during the non!pollen season 3 which is in can be detected by any of these methods and the results are accordance with their lack of symptoms during this period[ easy to interpret under such circumstances[ However\ smaller However it has been shown in perennial allergic rhinitis\ that changes in nasal patency due to mucosal reactions can be there is a subclinical in~ammation in the mucosa even though overlooked if the method is not sensitive enough[ It is therefore the patients have no symptoms[ 4 A persistent hyper!reactivity important to use a method that picks up a mucosal reaction of the mucosa of individuals allergic to pollen in the non!pollen at an early stage[ Accordingly\ the second aim of this study was season would suggest a
Sensitization Profile to Allergens in Patients Using Multi-Test II
International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology, 2014
Introduction Medical intervention in allergies has broadened its perspective, also focusing in the quality of life of patients. Patients are instructed, before using pharmacotherapy agents, to avoid the causal agent. Objective This study aims to analyze the sensitization profile of patients with allergic complaints and identify possible characteristics specific to each age group and gender. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study included data collected from medical records (from Multi-Test II database, Lincoln Diagnostics Inc. Decatur, Illinois) of 1,912 patients who underwent skin prick test from March to October 2013. Patients were organized and analyzed according to gender, age, and results of the allergens subtypes tested. Results The study was composed of 1,912 patients (60% male and 40% female) of ages between 3 and 87 years. Positive tests were more prevalent in quantity and intensity with the mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, each with 60% of the total analyzed. In second place were pollens, especially Dactylis glomerata and Festuca pratensis. Conclusion The female and male sexes were equally atopic. Fungi and epithelia of dog and cat were not considered potential aeroallergens that could cause symptoms. However, mites are common in Paraná, Brazil. Further studies regarding the pollens are needed, as this study result diverged from the literature.
Clinical aspects of allergic disease
1998
Background: Previous comparisons of devices for percutaneous skin testing have revealed statistically and clinically significant differences, from one device to another, in the size of reactions to histamine and allergen extracts and at negative control sites. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the performance of several skin test devices which are either new, modified, or used with a modified technique. Methods: Twenty subjects were tested five to eight times with each of the devices both to glycerol-saline and to 10 mg/ml histamine base. The devices tested were the MultiTest II, Duo Tip-Test (prick and scarification), Quintest, DermaPik (prick and scarification), and small pox needle. Results: There were highly significant differences among the devices for the size of the reaction to histamine (mean wheal diameter 4.28 to 8.59 mm, p < 0.0001), the standard errors of the wheals to histamine (0.82 to 1.45 mm, p < 0.05) and in the mean wheal size with glycerol-saline (0.00 to 2.48 mm, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Devices for performing skin prick testing vary greatly in several characteristics, including the size of reactions at both positive and negative test sites. Each skin test technician should be tested with the device used in that skin testing laboratory to establish criteria for positive and negative tests. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:153-6.)
Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in Jordanian allergic rhinitis patients
Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de santé de la Méditerranée orientale = al-Majallah al-ṣiḥḥīyah li-sharq al-mutawassiṭ
Identification of the most common aeroallergens to which patients are sensitized in a specific area is important in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the pattern of skin prick test reactivity to various aeroallergens among allergic rhinitis patients attending outpatient clinics in Amman, Jordan. Skin prick test with 18 standardized allergen extracts was performed on 538 patients. Most allergic rhinitis patients in the study sample had polysensitization. Grasses mix (51.4% of patients), thistleweed (46.9%) and olive tree (45.3%) pollens were the most common allergens in this group of patients (all seasonal). Cat allergen was the most common perennial allergen (41.6%), followed by dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (32.9%). These allergens should be given the highest priority when educating allergic rhinitis patients in Amman regarding allergen avoidance strategies.
Skin Prick Test Reactivity to Common Aero and Food Allergens among Children with Allergy
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2014
Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases has risen in the last decades. The objective of this study was to determine the common allergens in children via the skin prick test. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 313 allergic children (4 months to 18 years old) referred to the Asthma and Allergy Clinic of Children’s Medical Center in Tehran. A questionnaire containing demographic data and patient history was completed. The Skin Prick Test (SPT) was selected according to the patients’ history of food and/or aeroallergen sensitivity. Results: Patients (62.4% male, 37.6% female) with symptoms of asthma (n=141, 57.1%), allergic rhinitis (n=50, 20.4%), atopic dermatitis (n=29, 11.7%), and urticaria (n=20, 8.1%) were studied. Positive skin prick test to at least one allergen was 58.1%. The most prevalent allergens were tree mix (26%), Alternaria alternata (26%), weed mix (23.6%), Dermatophagoides farinae (22.9%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (22.9%), milk (21.7%), eggs (20%), and wheat flour (18.3%). Also, common allergens in the patients with different symptoms of allergic disorders were as follows: asthma (tree mix, weed mix, and Dermatophagoides farinae); allergic rhinitis (Dermatophagoides farinae, tree mix, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus); and atopic dermatitis (Alternaria alternata, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and cockroaches). Conclusion: Identifying allergens in each area is necessary and has an important role in the diagnosis and management of allergic disorders and possibility of performing immunotherapy. In this study, the most common aeroallergens were tree mix, Alternaria alternata, and weed mix and also the most common food allergens were milk, eggs, and wheat. Considering these data, appropriate preventive strategies can decrease the cost and morbidity of therapeutic actions.
Repeated histamine inhalation tests in asthmatic patients
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1981
Histamine inhalation tests were performed in 12 asthmatic patients using u 2-min tidal hreuthinn inhalation technique. The test.T were repeated on separate daxs with 30-, 60-, und 120~min intervals between inhalation tests. On another day the inhalation tests were repeated four times with 40-min intervals between tests. The geometric mean provocative concentrations of histamine needed to cause a 2O%,fall in forced expiratory volume in I set (PC,d for the group on the latter study day were 1.67. 1.57, and I.55 mglml (p > 0.25) indicating no chunge in sensitivifi to inhaled histamine with repeated testing. The results suggest that cumulative dose-response curves for drugs potentially affecting the airways or untagonizing histamine cun be constructed within I day using histamine inhalation tests. The data ulso suggested that an individuul PC2,, result may be sensitively assessed by comparing it to u +2 SD range.from the mean of a series of control or placebo PC,,, values.
Evaluation of Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma in Tekirdağ
Journal of Pediatric Research, 2022
Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are the most prevalent allergic diseases, and environmental allergens are important factors in the pathogenesis and the exacerbation of these diseases. Although there are many studies investigating aeroallergen sensitivities in different regions of our country, this study aimed to identify the aeroallergen sensitization in the Tekirdağ province in the part of Turkey in Europe, namely Thrace, where it is important to know aeroallergen sensitivities. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and sixty children with asthma and AR who were followed up and had at least one aeroallergen sensitivity in a skin prick test (SPT) were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had undergone a SPT using the standard extracts, including house dust mites, molds, animal dander, pollens, and latex. Results: The mean age of the patients was 10.2±3.4 (5-18) years, 57.6% of them were male. The diagnoses of the patients were AR in 57.8%, asthma in 22.6% and both in 19.6%. 42.6% (n=196) of the patients were sensitized to more than one allergen. The most common aeroallergens in SPT were house dust mites (63%), grass-rye mix (26.5%), grass mix (26.1%), molds (19.8%), cat epithelium (11.3%), cockroach (8.5%), weed mix (7%), olive tree (7%), dog (5.7%), cupressus (4.3%), tree pollen mix (3.5%), poplar (1.5%), mugwort (1.3%), and latex (0.4%). Although the cockroach, pet, olive tree and multiple allergen sensitivities were more frequent among male children (p<0.05), there was no association between gender and sensitivity to the other allergens. There was no difference between the aeroallergen distributions of the patients according to diagnoses (p>0.05). House dust mites were the most common allergens throughout all seasons. Conclusion: The results of this study will be important in guiding elimination measures against the triggering allergens which are important for the treatment and the course of the disease of the those patients with asthma and/or AR in this region.