Venture Philanthropy: the evolution of high-engagement philanthropy in Europe (in Mandarin) (original) (raw)
Propuesta para la integración de los contenidos en Preparación para la Defensa II en Medicina
Edumecentro, 2012
El estudio tiene como finalidad diseñar acciones para perfeccionar la integración de los contenidos temáticos en Preparación para la Defensa-II de Medicina, acordes con las dificultades y potencialidades detectadas en un primer momento. La investigación es de enfoque cualitativo y emplea como universo al total de docentes y estudiantes que impartieron o recibieron la asignatura en la sede central y los del Proyecto Policlínico Universitario de Santa Clara, y se trabaja con una muestra seleccionada de manera intencional por criterios, se aplican métodos teóricos y otros del nivel empírico como la observación, encuesta, análisis de documentos y el grupo nominal como técnica. Se realiza triangulación metodológica de la información obtenida, la cual permite identificar los contenidos susceptibles de integración, se formulan orientaciones metodológicas con este propósito, y se diseña un curso para los docentes. Los especialistas consultados ofrecen una valoración satisfactoria del producto según los rubros solicitados. Palabras clave: Integración, sistematización, contenidos, tareas docentes integradoras. ________________________________________________________________ PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com EDUMECENTRO 2012;4(3):86-95
Aprendizaje cooperativo para el desarrollo humano social del profesional de las ciencias médicas
Edumecentro, 2009
COMUNICACIÓN Aprendizaje cooperativo para el desarrollo humano social del profesional de las ciencias médicas Cooperative learning for the social human development of the professional of the medical sciences Luis Alberto Alzate Peralta Licenciado en Enfermería. Especialista en Pedagogía de las Ciencias. Candidato a MSc. en Educación Médica Superior. Docente Universidad Simón Bolívar Barranquilla Colombia. Palabras clave: Aprendizaje cooperativo, desarrollo humano social, ciencias médicas, educación médica. La educación de este siglo exige cambios en los paradigmas educacionales desde diferentes aspectos y dimensiones, la concepción del docente como epicentro del conocimiento ha sido una figura que se ha debilitado con el paso del tiempo, principalmente debido al amplio acceso a la información disponible y al incremento de las experiencias acumuladas por la humanidad, por lo tanto los profesores que forman el nuevo recurso humano en salud deberían ser, en todo momento, fundamentalmente educadores, en el más amplio sentido de la palabra, debido a las transformaciones suscitadas en las nuevas formas de interacción social. Su acción no tendría que limitarse a sancionar conductas inadecuadas, o a evaluar fríamente los conocimientos del alumno, por ello, el diálogo profesor-alumno y alumno-profesor es esencial en este empeño, puesto que entender al alumno como persona, tiene una implicación superior que significa que deban comprenderse sus problemas y ayudarlo en su solución. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com
Buoyancy Heat Transfer In Staggered Dividing Square Enclosure
In this research, the Buoyancy heat transfer and flow patterns in a partially divided square enclosure with staggered partitions have been studied numerically. The partitions were distributed on the lower and upper surfaces of the box in staggered manner. The height of the partitions was varied. The conduction heat transfer through the fins (partitions) was also included. It is assumed that the vertical walls of enclosure were adiabatic and its horizontal walls were maintained at uniform but in different temperature. The problem was formulated in terms of the stream function-vorticity procedure. The numerical solution based on the transformation of the governing equations by using finite difference method was obtained. The effect of increasing the partition height and Rayleigh number on contour maps of the stream lines and temperature were reported and discussed. In addition, the research presented and discussed the results of the average Nussult number of the enclosures heated wall at various Rayleigh number and dimensionless partition heights. The results showed that the mean Nussult number increases with the increasing of Rayleigh number and decreases with the increasing of partition heights. The distributed heat by conduction through the partition increases with the increasing of the partition height especially at (H/L ≥ 0.3). A comparison between the obtained results and the published computational studies has been made and it showed a good agreement with percentage error not exceed (0.54%).
Biological Activities and Phytochemicals of the Fruits of Vitex Plants
The Vitex genus (Lamiaceae) is composed of 270 species, trees or shrubs; that are distributed in tropics worldwide. Vitex has been the source of a large number of compounds with pharmacological activities, many of them associated with their fruits. In spite of the high number of Vitex spp., fruit studies have been mainly focused in a reduced group; Vitex agnuscastus is the best studied, and several fruit-derived drugs, used to treat premenstrual syndrome, are commercialized in the United States of America and Europe. Other species with a good number of studies are V. rotundifolia, V. trifolia, V. negundo and V. doniana. Interesting activities associated with Vitex fruits are antitumoral (e.g., against breast, gastric, colon, leukemia and cervix cells), antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-diarrhea. Identified fruit compounds belong to different phytochemical families such as flavonoids (e.g., casticin, orientin, and isoorientin), terpenes (e.g., rotundifaran, ferruginol), iridoids (e.g., agnoside, aucubin) and essential oils (e.g., 1,8-cineolene, sabinene). Interestingly, these fruits showed dark colors that have been poorly studied; these pigments could be associated with important biological activities based on the actual knowledge about natural pigments. In this review, we are showing the main studies about the chemicals and biological activities of Vitex spp. fruits, and it will be a reference material for future studies.
Numerical solutions of two dimensional Euler equations are obtained for transonic and supersonic flows. The shock capturing method is employed to solve compressible Euler equations by using MacCormack's time marching method that an explicit finite-difference technique. The test case chosen is that of a transonic and supersonic flow through a channel with a circular arc bump on the lower wall, half wedge and extended compression corner. Computational results accurately reproduced the flow field. In three cases, contour plots showing the important features of the flow-field are presented. The algorithm is tested for steady-state inviscid flows at different Mach numbers ranging from the transonic to the supersonic regime and the results are compared with the existing numerical solutions. The method incorporates bounded high resolution of discontinuities and is therefore well suited to all flow regimes ranging from transonic to supersonic.
Era globalisasi membawa pengaruh yang besar terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, termasuk dunia pendidikan. Pendidikan di era global diartikan sebagai pendidikan yang dapat menjawab tantangan globalisasi, yaitu suatu proses yang dapat melahirkan individu yang berbekal pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan nilai-nilai yang diperlukan untuk hidup dan berkiprah dalam era globalisasi. Guru dalam era global memiliki tugas dan fungsi yang lebih komplek, sehingga perlu memiliki kompetensi dan profesionalisme yang standar.
This work presents a comparison of the flow region in baffled and unbaffled bubble columns with Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. The experiments were carried out in column of 15 cm inside diameter and 2m height with aspect ratio (L/D=4.5), using perforated plate gas sparger, 54 holes of 1mm diameter, and with free area of holes to cross sectional diameter of vessel 0.24. The two phase system consists of air and non Newtonian liquid of polyacrylamide (PAA). The gas holdup was measured and the transition point from homogenous to heterogeneous region was calculated under different concentrations of PAA (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1)wt% in baffled and unbaffled columns. The results show that the measured values of gas holdup are increased in the presences of baffles in homogenous region, while, they decrease in heterogeneous region. The transition points of gas holdup and superficial gas velocity were estimated from drift flux plot. It was concluded that they were decreased with increasing viscosity and increased in the presence of baffles.
University of Mosul, 2018
For thousands of years, natural products played a significant role in treatment and prevention of many human diseases. There is a growing trend toward the isolation and identification of natural products isolated from plants and animals, and then testing them to determine their biological activities. Untill 2013,more than 1,300 coumarins have been identified as secondary metabolites in different plants, bacteria and fungi. Natural and synthetic coumarins have been found to possess various pharmacological activities,anti cancer effect is the most important one. The research involves the preliminary phytochemical screening tests for the extract of Creston apple seeds, which were obtained in two ways: the first using serial Soxhlet extraction(once in order of decreasing polarity and secondly in order of increasing polarity) and the second was kinetic maceration , the methods were used using water, methanol, chloroform and hexane as extraction solvents. Three coumarin derivatives acquired from chloroform extract obtained from soxhlet extraction in the order of increasing polarity were isolated via column chromatography. One of the isolated coumarins was chemically modified by esterification, Fries rearrangement and methylation afforded three semisynthetic derivatives. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract iii The chemical structures of the natural and semisynthetic coumarin derivatives were established by detecting their physicochemical properties and by analyzing their FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of aforementioned coumarin derivatives was studied on three cancer cell lines, which are MCF-7, AMN3 and HeLa using MTT assay to measure the metabolic activity of the cell. This is based on the ability of nicotinamide adenine diphosphate - Cellular oxidative enzymes to reduce the titrazoleum dye into insoluble formazine. The results indicated that compounds 3-6 have IC50 values lower than that of 5- fluorouracil against MCF-7 cell line and all compounds have higher IC50 values than that of 5- fluorouracil against AMN3 and HeLa cell lines.
Effect of Crude Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow on Pump Performance
An experimental study of pump performance (i.e. head, discharge, power, etc.) was achieved by using a centrifugal pump with crude oil-water two-phase flow. The crude oil used was from Sherao oil field in Kirkuk (Iraq) with a density of 838 kg/m 3 , dynamic viscosity of 6.0 cP and surface tension of 0.027 N/m at a temperature of 25 o C. A centrifugal pump was used with straight impeller and one suction line and one discharge line. The results show that the pump head and the discharge of two-phase flow decrease as oil volume fraction increased, and the power of the pump increase as oil volume fraction increased.
Phosphate Rock Treatment with Hydrochloric Acid for Increasing P 2 O 5 Content
The present paper deals with the treatment of phosphate obtained from a commercial sample of Akashat phosphate ore in hydrochloric acid. The factors studied are effects of the temperature of dissolution, acid concentration, and the time required for mixing phases. The experiments were performed with 100 kg/m 3 of solid/liquid ratio, the size of the particles ranged 125-140 µm, the initial acid concentrations were 20, 30 and 40 wt% HCl, and the temperature of dissolution was kept constant at 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 o C. The results indicated that the percentage of P 2 O 5 increases as the HCl concentration increased using different time and temperatures. Also, the results showed that the best conditions for P 2 O 5 recovery process according were acid concentration 40%, reaction time of 90 min, and temperature 30 o C.
Corrosion Behavior of Cast Iron in Different Aqueous Salt Solutions
The corrosion behavior of cast iron in different aqueous salt solutions has been studied. Samples of cast iron were exposed in the salt solutions media for 40 days and corrosion rates evaluated, using total immersion test and Tafel extrapolation curves. The concentration of salts taken is 5 g/liter. The total immersion test parameters vise weight loss; corrosion rate as well as Tafel extrapolation parameters, I corr., corrosion potential , corrosion rate have been calculated. Besides these terms, the pH and electrical conductivity have been calculated by standard methods.
Flexural, Impact and Thermal Properties of Polymer Modified Concrete
Abstract This research includes the study of improving mechanical properties, resistance to high temperature, structural behaviour and impact resistance of concrete using styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) with different weight ratios of polymer to cement 3%, 5% and 10%. Two series of polymer modified concrete (PMC) were produced the first level I with moderate compressive strength and the other level II with higher compressive strength. Cubes, prisms and panels were made as follows: Ninety-six (100X100X100 mm) cubes for compressive strength tests, forty-eight (100X100X500 mm) prisms for flexural strength (modulus of rupture), forty-eight (50X50X50 mm) cubes for high temperature tests, thirty-two (500X500X50 mm) panels for low and high velocity impact tests, and eight (95X200X1600 mm) reinforced PMC beams for structural behaviour tests. Results showed an improvement in all properties of polymer modified concrete (PMC) over reference concrete and in particular in low-velocity and high-velocity impact properties. In compressive strength the increase was (7.14%-28.79%) for PH10 and PM5 mixes. In flexural strength the maximum increase was (26.64%) for PH10 mix. In conducting low-velocity impact tests, method of repeated falling mass was used: 1300gm steel ball falling freely from three heights 2400mm, 1200mm and 830mm. In high-velocity impact tests, shooting of 7.62mm bullets was applied to slab specimens from distance of 15m. The improvements were significant in low velocity impact resistance. The maximum increases were (33.33%, 75% and 83.33%) at ultimate failure for falling mass heights 2400mm, 1200mm and 830mm respectively. In high-velocity impact strength tests, maximum reductions recorded in spalling area were (18.5% and 27%) for polymer modified concrete (level I) with moderate compressive strength and polymer modified concrete (level II) with higher compressive strength. Maximum reductions recorded in scabbing area were (11.42% and 35.6%) for polymer modified concrete (level I) with moderate compressive strength and polymer modified concrete (level II) with higher compressive strength, respectively. In the effect of high temperature on concrete tests, PMC (level I) specimens with moderate compressive strength gained a compressive strength greater than reference concrete specimens up to 475 Co. PMC (level II) specimens with higher compressive strength gained a compressive strength greater than reference concrete specimens up to 625 Co. The PMC beams have a stiffer response in terms of structural behaviour, more ductility, and lower cracking deflection than those made by reference concretes.