Psychosocial Factors Associated with an Increased Frequency of Prostate Cancer Screening in Men Ages 40 to 79 Years: The Olmsted County Study (original) (raw)

2008, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among US men. Early detection is associated with drastically improved 5-year survival rates. It is unclear, however, what psychosocial factors motivate or discourage men from taking advantage of both prostate specific antigen testing (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE). The goal of the current study was to identify psychosocial factors that influence screening behavior for prostate cancer in a cohort of 2,447 men. In 1990, a randomly selected cohort of Caucasian men, ages 40-79 years, from Olmsted County, MN were enrolled in the study. These men completed a questionnaire containing queries on family history of prostate cancer, concern about getting prostate cancer and marital status. Medical and laboratory records were reviewed to determine the number DRE exams (1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996) and PSA tests (1989and PSA tests ( -1998. Frequent screening was defined as the upper 25 th percentile for number of DREs (>4) or PSAs (>3). Men who have a family history and men who worry or have concern about prostate cancer were more likely (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.2, 2.0 and OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.4, 2.5) to seek screening compared to those without a family history or worry. The association between family history and frequent screening was similar in men who were married or living with someone (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.2, 2.2), however it was reduced among men who live alone (OR=0.6, 95%CI=0.2, 1.8). These data suggest that psychosocial factors such as family history, worry or concern about prostate cancer and marital status may play an important role in men's decisions about prostate cancer screening.