Seasonal variations of temperature and salinity in the Gulf of Elat (Aqaba) (original) (raw)
Seasonal cycle of hydrography in the Bab el Mandab region, southern Red Sea
The seasonal cycle of temperature - salinity variations in the Bab el Mandab region (southern Red Sea) is described using CTD data collected during four cruises spread over the period May 1995 { August 1997. A two layer system exists during early summer, winter and spring while a three layer system exists during summer. During summer, a large amount of the Gulf of Aden water intrudes into the Bab el Mandab region; up to the northern limit (14:5N). The quantity of Red Sea water that flows into the Gulf of Aden is maximum during the winter and minimum during the summer.
Journal of Marine Research, 1989
Annual budgets of salinity, total inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, nitrates, phosphates and silicates are estimated through the Strait of Bab-e\-Mandab. Two different methods that decouple the summer and winter periods are used. A direct method uses the concentrations of these parameters, the velocity of currents, and the area of a cro~s section in the strait. The calculations for the fluxes and budgets during the summer period were based on data collected during two cruises made in July and September 1982 (MEROU I and 2). An indirect method, based upon matrix inversion and the assumption of a steady-state balance of several properties over a period of one year, is used to calculate the winter and summer budgets of water, salinity, total inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, nitrates and phosphates. The summer budgets obtained by the two different methods are positive for all the properties-a gain for the Red Sea-and are of the same order of magnitude for both methods. For the winter period, budgets are positive for total inorganic carbon and total alkalinity and negative for salinity and nutrients. This gain of total inorganic carbon and total alkalinity through the Strait of Bab-el-Mandab can be quantitatively explained by exchanges of CO2 with the atmosphere and the processes of sedimentation in the basin.
High salinity events in the northern Arabian Sea and Sea of Oman
Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2013
Moored observations in the northern Arabian Sea (NAS) show substantial velocity, temperature and dissolved oxygen fluctuations, accompanied by episodic high salinity intrusions with maximum values Z 37:3 on time scales of 2-10 days after the passage of Cyclone Gonu in 2007. These events are characterized by a rapid increase in temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen followed by an abrupt decline. The mechanisms behind these high salinity events are investigated using a comprehensive dataset of temperature and salinity profiles from ARGO floats and sea surface height anomaly maps. The spatial and temporal distribution of the Persian/Arabian Gulf outflow to the Sea of Oman is also studied using ARGO profiles. Persian Gulf water (PGW) is mainly measured close to the Strait of Hormuz or along the Oman coast on the continental slope in the Sea of Oman. Both mooring and ARGO data show that high salinity PGW can be advected off the slope and into the interior. More high salinity water is measured in the interior of the Sea of Oman within three months after the Gonu passage in summer 2007, which is caused by the combination effect of the oceanic responses to Cyclone Gonu and a clockwise eddy circulation located at northern Ras al Hadd. At other times, the high salinity water appears more in isolated patches and rare in the interior. This study provides a first look at the high salinity events appearing after Gonu and the properties and dynamics of the PGW in the northern Arabian Sea and Sea of Oman.
2017
Observations from an eight-year ocean station at Chabahar showed that both salinity and electrical conductivity (EC) have increased over the past nine years. Meanwhile, pH remained at steady state levels and there was no significant trend in mean annual temperatures. The best repeating pattern of monthly oscillations was depicted in temperature data with the highest and the lowest temperatures occurring at 4th/ 5th and 10th/ 11th months, respectively. Changes in salinity/EC and temperature were moderately correlated. The mean monthly pH levels rarely fell below 8.00. There were no signs of hypoxia during the study period.
Long-term Variations in the Salinity off the Egyptian Mediterranean Coast
Blue Economy, 2023
The variability in seawater salinity, an indicator of the global hydrological cycle, is crucial in basin-scale circulation and many dynamic processes from basin to global scale. Salinity is significant for marine science because fluctuations in salinity can affect physical processes such as climate change, ocean current variations, and water mass formation. From a biological perspective, variations in salinity may pose a threat to marine animals and disrupt their normal functioning. In this study, the long-term variability of salinity in the photic zone (0e200 m) of the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea is examined using an extended data set from 1950 to 2021. On a monthly basis, the western sector of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast usually has lower salinity than its eastern sector. Seasonally, the maximum surface salinity was observed in autumn, while spring was the season with the lowest surface salinity variations. Positive trends in the salinity anomaly variations were found in the upper water layer (0e50 m) and then trends changed to negative patterns along the depths of 100, 150, and 200 m. Therefore, the depth of 50 m is said to divide the surface and subsurface waters with opposite trends. Future research should be undertaken based on our qualitative analysis to foresee and model the progression of salinity in the region.
Some Oceanographic Measurements in the Gulf Waters Around Qatar Peninsula
1983
During the winter of 1979/1980 four cruises were made to the study area. Salinity, temperature and current speed and direction were measured. The areal distribution, as well as the vertical distribution of these parameters and the factors which affect them, are discussed. Fresh water seepage, dissolution of evaporitic deposits and desalination plants, together with evaporation, affect the vertical and horizontal distribution of salinity. Variations in water temperature are mainly due to solar heating. Current system may be mainly wind driven. Tides and bottQlll configuration may have decisive influence on it.
Circulation in the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) during winter—spring
Journal of Oceanography, 2006
This study is devoted to oceanographic features of the semi-enclosed Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The data were recorded in winter-spring 1999 on the R/V Meteor cruise leg 44/2. Temperature and salinity profiles were measured at six positions (I-VI). The shipboard NarrowBand Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (NB ADCP) 150 kHz continuously recorded current profiles down to 350 m en route. The research revealed that the current near the Strait of Tiran front (position VI) represents a semidiurnal signal of an internal tide wave (~12 h period; 0.2 ms -1 amplitude) that might be generated by the barotropic tide at the sill of the Strait. A sequence of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddy pairs is found along the axis of the Gulf of Aqaba during winter-spring seasons. These sub-mesoscale signals are dominant above the main thermocline and might be caused by wind forcing and the narrowness of the Gulf; it might remain in other seasons with different dimensions in relation to the depth of thermocline. The total diameter of each pair was twice the baroclinic Rossby radius (R ≈ 10 km). A single anti-cyclonic eddy was observed in the upper 300 m in the northern tip of the Gulf with a diameter of about 5-8 km.