Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) in Automotive Applications: Environmental Relevance of the Manufacturing Stage (original) (raw)
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Fuel cell converts chemical energy stored in reactant gases into an electric energy. Fuel cells are used for stationary as well as mobile power supply. Fuel cells are classified in various types. Fuel cell types are classified by the type of electrolyte used in it. Among them, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is most suitable for automotive application. Hydrogen and oxygen are used as fuel in the PEMFC. It is a zero emission power generator as byproduct of the process is water and heat. Moreover, it is compact, lightweight, efficient, high power density, quick startup ability and no corrosive fluid. Hence, PEMFC has attracted automotive industry since a decade. However, it is not yet commercialized due to several issues related to its performance, durability and high cost. Key factors affecting the PEMFC such as water flooding, dehydration, corrosion, degradation of membrane, contamination of cell and reactant gas starvation are studied in this literature survey. This paper consolidates issues affecting performance and durability along with key causes, detection techniques and possible measures for improvement. It also points out to areas for further research and development in this area.
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