Electrocatalytic detection of dopamine at single-walled carbon nanotubes–iron (III) oxide nanoparticles platform (original) (raw)
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The electron transfer and electrocatalytic proiperties of iron oxide nanoparticle (-Fe 2 O 3) catalysts supported on MWCNTs are described. The MWCNT-Fe 2 O 3 and its electrodes were successfully characterised with FESEM, HRTEM, XRD, EDX, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The MWCNT-Fe 2 O 3 based electrodes demonstrated fastest electron transport and current response towards DA compared to other electrodes studied, giving a catalytic rate constant of 16.4 x 10 5 cm 3 mol-1 s-1 , sensitivity of 0.026 AM-1 and limit of detection of 3.3 x 10-7 M. The electrode may be potentially useful for the detection of DA in real drug sample analysis.
Carbon, 2023
This review, with 201 references, describes the recent advancement in the application of carbonaceous nanomaterials as highly conductive platforms in electrochemical biosensing. The electrochemical biosensing is described in introduction by classifying biosensors into catalytic-based and affinity-based biosensors and statistically demonstrates the most recent published works in each category. The introduction is followed by sections on electrochemical biosensors configurations and common carbonaceous nanomaterials applied in electrochemical biosensing, including graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon, carbon nanofibers and carbon nanospheres. In the following sections, carbonaceous catalytic-based and affinity-based biosensors are discussed in detail. In the category of catalytic-based biosensors, a comparison between enzymatic biosensors and non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors is carried out. Regarding the affinity-based biosensors, scholarly articles related to biological elements such as antibodies, deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) and aptamers are discussed in separate sections. The last section discusses recent advancements in carbonaceous screen-printed electrodes as a growing field in electrochemical biosensing. Tables are presented that give an overview on the diversity of analytes, type of materials and the sensors performance. Ultimately, general considerations, challenges and future perspectives in this field of science are discussed. Recent findings suggest that interests towards 2D nanostructured electrodes based on graphene and its derivatives are still growing in the field of electrochemical biosensing. That is because of their exceptional electrical conductivity, active surface area and more convenient production methods compared to carbon nanotubes.
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2014
Magnetic particles (MP) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been extensively exploited in biosensor development. It has been recently suggested that combining MP binding of electroactive molecules with CNT wiring of the MP surface could provide novel sensing formats. Here, we demonstrate the validity of this approach using as a model dopamine (DA). As we show, DA can be electrostatically bound and concentrated using commercially available streptavidin-coated MP. Electrochemical detection of MP-bound DA is then accomplished by CNT wiring using cheap and disposable screen printed electrodes of different sizes and materials. The parameters potentially affecting DA binding, CNT wiring and electrochemical detection have been studied and optimized. The resulting assay takes 45 min, displays LOD of 2 nM DA in saline solution, is unaffected by ascorbic acid and uric acid, and can be operated in diluted urine human samples. Our results confirm that CNT wiring allows efficient detection of electroactive species after MP binding and is compatible with the study of complex real samples.
Dopamine detection by doped single-walled carbon nanotube biosensors: A theoretical study
Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 2019
In this paper, biosensors of the Fe-Nitrogen-doped zigzag (8, 0) carbon nanotube and Fe-doped zigzag (8, 0) carbon nanotube were offered for detection of dopamine molecule. The adsorption property and sensing mechanism of Fe-doped zigzag (8, 0) carbon nanotube and Fe-N-SWCNT (8, 0) with dopamine were investigated based on density functional theory. The obtained results demonstrated that both Fe-SWCNT and the Fe-N-SWCNT had good adsorption for dopamine, also conductivity also grew when they interacted with it. When dopamine is adsorbed on the surface of the single wall carbon nanotube, a large number of electrons transfer from the Fe-N-doped zigzag (8, 0) single carbon nanotube to dopamine, resulting in lessened frontier orbital energy gap and increased electrical conductivity. On the other hand, when dopamine is adsorbed on the surface of the SWCNT, the electrons transfer from dopamine to the Fe-N-SWCNT, the frontier orbital energy gap rises, while the electrical conductivity declines. Thus, Fe-nitrogen-SWCNT (8, 0) is more suitable and sufficient than Fe-SWCNT (8, 0) for dopamine detection.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 2017
A simple and sensitive dopamine (DA) electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on magnetism-assisted modification of screen printed electrode (SPE) with magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mMWCNTs). The mMWCNTs modified electrodes (mMWCNTs/SPE) combines the advantages of SPE and the simultaneous contribution of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and MWCNTs, increasing sensitivity and selectivity of DA detection. The linearity was found between 5μM to 180μM, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.43μM. In the mean time, this modified electrode exhibited excellent selectivity for DA detection with almost no interference from ascorbic acid (AA), which co-exists with DA in many bio-samples and causes common interference. Finally, this novel electrode has been applied to determine DA concentration in spiked human blood serum and satisfactory recovery was found in the range of 97.43-102.94% with the RSDs of less than 2.27%. This work developed a sensitive and reliable electrochemical ana...
Scientific Reports, 2017
The electrocatalytic properties of metal oxides (MO = Fe 3 O 4 , ZnO) nanoparticles doped phthalocyanine (Pc) and functionalized MWCNTs, decorated on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated. Successful synthesis of the metal oxide nanoparticles and the MO/Pc/MWCNT composite were confirmed using UV-Vis, EDX, XRD and TEM techniques. Successful modification of GCE with the MO and their composite was also confirmed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. GCE-MWCNT/ ZnO/29H,31H-Pc was the best electrode towards DA detection with very low detection limit (0.75 μM) which compared favourably with literature, good sensitivity (1.45 μA/μM), resistance to electrode fouling, and excellent ability to detect DA without interference from AA signal. Electrocatalytic oxidation of DA on GCE-MWCNT/ZnO/29H,31H-Pc electrode was diffusion controlled but characterized with some adsorption of electro-oxidation reaction intermediates products. The fabricated sensors are easy to prepare, cost effective and can be applied for real sample analysis of dopamine in drug composition. The good electrocatalytic properties of 29H,31H-Pc and 2,3-Nc were related to their (quantum chemically derived) frontier molecular orbital energies and global electronegativities. The better performance of 29H,31H-Pc than 2,3-Nc in aiding electrochemical oxidation of DA might be due to its better electron accepting ability, which is inferred from its lower E LUMO and higher χ. Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter in mammalian brain tissues that belongs to the family of inhibitory/catecholamine neurotransmitters. It plays an important physiological role in the functioning of central nervous, renal, hormonal and cardiovascular systems as an extra cellular chemical messenger, as well as in drug addiction. Its function is to regulate neural interactions by reducing the permeability of gap junctions between adjacent neurons of the same type 1. Abnormal DA level may relate to many diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's diseases and tardive dyskinesia 2 , where the dopaminergic activity is lower than in healthy individuals. The opposite is true in schizophrenia where the activity of the dopaminergic neurons is increased due to abnormalities in their regulation. Furthermore, the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa has also been associated with altered dopaminergic activities 2-4. Therefore, it is important to rapidly and accurately measure DA concentrations in biological fluids for clinical diagnosis. Although DA is an electrochemically active compound on some electrode surfaces, its electrochemical detection in biological fluids using bare electrode is often ineffective. This is mainly because of interfering species such as ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) 5. As a result, the accuracy of its detection is very low in real sample analysis. The basal concentration of DA is 0.01-1 μ M, while the concentration of AA and UA is 100-1000 times higher than that of DA, hence it is crucial to develop sensitive and selective methods for determination of DA 4. A great contribution to disease diagnosis would be a development of electrochemical sensor that would measure DA at low levels of characteristic of living system (26-40 nmol L −1) 6,7 .
Carbon Nanotubes Grown on Metal Microelectrodes for the Detection of Dopamine
Analytical Chemistry, 2015
Microelectrodes modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are useful for the detection of neurotransmitters because the CNTs enhance sensitivity and have electrocatalytic effects. CNTs can be grown on carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) but the intrinsic electrochemical activity of carbon fibers makes evaluating the effect of CNT enhancement difficult. Metal wires are highly conductive and many metals have no intrinsic electrochemical activity for dopamine, so we investigated CNTs grown on metal wires as microelectrodes for neurotransmitter detection. In this work, we successfully grew CNTs on niobium substrates for the first time. Instead of planar metal surfaces, metal wires with a diameter of only 25 μm were used as CNT substrates; these have potential in tissue applications due to their minimal tissue damage and high spatial resolution. Scanning electron microscopy shows that aligned CNTs are grown on metal wires after chemical vapor deposition. By use of fastscan cyclic voltammetry, CNT-coated niobium (CNT-Nb) microelectrodes exhibit higher sensitivity and lower ΔE p value compared to CNTs grown on carbon fibers or other metal wires. The limit of detection for dopamine at CNT-Nb microelectrodes is 11 ± 1 nM, which is approximately 2-fold lower than that of bare CFMEs. Adsorption processes were modeled with a Langmuir isotherm, and detection of other neurochemicals was also characterized, including ascorbic acid, 3,4dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, serotonin, adenosine, and histamine. CNT-Nb microelectrodes were used to monitor stimulated dopamine release in anesthetized rats with high sensitivity. This study demonstrates that CNT-grown metal microelectrodes, especially CNTs grown on Nb microelectrodes, are useful for monitoring neurotransmitters.
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2005
Multilayer films of shortened multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are homogeneously and stably assembled on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes using layer-by-layer (LBL) method based on electrostatic interaction of positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and negatively charged shortened MWNTs. The assembled MWNT multilayer films were studied with respect to the electrocatalytic activity toward ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) and were further applied for selective determination of DA in the presence of AA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) used for characterization of MWNT films indicates that the assembled MWNTs are almost in a form of small bundles or single nanotubes on the electrodes. Cyclic voltammetric results with assembled MWNT electrode indicate that the strategy based on the LBL method for assembling the MWNT multilayer films on substrate well retains the electrochemical catalytic activity of the MWNTs toward AA and DA, offering some advantages particularly attractive for analytical applications, such as the form of MWNTs assembled on the substrate, i.e., small bundles or single tubes, homogeneity and stability of the as-assembled MWNT films. These features make the assembled MWNTs relatively potential for selective and sensitive determination of DA in the presence of AA.
Talanta, 2010
This work reports on the performance of carbon nanotube modified screen-printed electrodes (SPE-MWCNT) for the selective determination of dopamine (DA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) by adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV). Several operating conditions and parameters were examined including the electrochemical pre-treatment and the previous AA interaction and DA accumulation in the presence AA at physiological conditions. Under the chosen conditions, DA peak current of differential pulse voltammograms increases linearly with DA concentration in the range of 5.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1) with a limit of detection of 1.5 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) in connection with 600s accumulation time. The sensitivity obtained for DA was independent from the presence or absence of AA; therefore, the proposed method can be readily applied to detect DA in real samples. The proposed methodology was successfully used for the quantification of DA in urine samples.
2020
Electrochemical sensors have been prepared using pristine and activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes on glassy carbon electrode. The detection of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid was tested by square wave voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry. Best results were obtained for glassy carbon modified with activated carbon nanotubes electrodes. A linear dependence between current intensities and dopamine concentrations is found in both the absence/presence of ascorbic acid, in the range of 4-100 μM / 6-100 μM, with detection and quantification limits of 0.44 / 0.64 and 1.45 / 2.14 μM, respectively and high sensitivity. The developed electrodes also showed very good performance in separating the oxidation potentials of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid, with peak potential differences of 200 and 170 mV. Dopamine detection in synthetic solutions in the presence of both ascorbic and uric acid gave recovery rates of 98%, indicating that the method is reliable.