Copunisation of pheasants at different age (original) (raw)
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Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
ABSTRACT The effects of castration on growth performance, carcass characteristics and chemical composition of m. iliotibilais cranialis and m. pectoralis superficialis of pheasants were examined. Forty pheasants reared in commercial pheasantry were included in the experiment. Half of the pheasants were castrated at 8 weeks of age. Values for live weight tended to be higher in castrated pheasants in the 24th week (P<0.1) and values for weight gain were significantly higher between the 16th and 24th weeks (P<0.05). Feed-to-gainratio (8th – 32nd week) was significantly better (P<0.05) in castrated pheasants. Eviscerated weight and dressing percentage at 32nd week were not significantly different between treatments. The chemical composition of m. iliotibilais cranialis and m. pectoralis superficialis showed significantly higher values of fat (P<0.01) and moisture (P<0.05) in castrated pheasants in comparison with intact ones. Protein content of both muscles was higher in intact pheasants (P<0.05). Body part weights were not influenced by the treatment with the exception of heart weight, which was significantly higher in the intact pheasants (P<0.05). We concluded that castration tended to improve growth performance only in the first 24 weeks of the fattening period and, therefore, continuation of fattening after that period is no longer feasible. The most important characteristic of the castrated pheasant’s meat was an increased amount of fat. More studies under different feeding and alternative breeding systems are necessary to improve production.
Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 2017
This study was performed to investigate the effects of crude protein (CP) in diet and sex ratio on egg production, egg and hatching chick weight and hatchability traits in pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus). In this study, the treatment groups were constructed as 15% CP-5:1; 15% CP-7:1; 18% CP-5:1; 18% CP-7:1 for CP and sex (male:female) ratio respectively. The eggs were obtained from 48 weeks old pheasant. In this study, it was determined that there was positive effective on egg production, egg and hatching weight and hatchability of fertile eggs (HFE) for 18% CP. In contrast, fertility (FR) (p<0.05) and hatchability rate of total eggs (HR) (p>0.05), EPEM (p>0.05) and MPEM (p>0.05) tended to decrease with increasing CP. It was found that there was egg production, egg (p>0.05) and hatching weight (p>0.05), FR (p>0.05), HR (p>0.05) and HFE (p>0.05) increased with increasing female for sex ratio. In terms of embryonic mortality, the EPEM (p>0.05) and LPEM (p>0.05) rate decreased with increasing female. For protein levels × sex ratio, it was found that hatchability traits were adversely affected for 15% CP-1:7. Also, it was determined that the lowest EPEM, MPEM and LPEM were determined for 7:1 in 18% CP group. Based on these results, to improve hatchability traits and a lower embryonic mortality rate, it may be beneficial to use 15% CP-5:1 or 18% CP-7:1 for pheasant breeding.
Animal, 2008
This paper analyses the effect of caponisation at 8 weeks on growth and on carcass and meat characteristics of Castellana Negra chickens slaughtered at 29 weeks. Caponisation did not result in weight improvements as compared with uncastrated birds. No changes were observed in the growth rate or in the parameters determining the point of inflection in the growth curve (sexual maturity). Regarding carcass characteristics, castration resulted in a wider breast angle and heavier pectoral muscles in caponised birds than in uncastrated birds, but with no differences in thigh and drumstick weight and length. Capon meat showed a higher fat content than that of cocks, making it juicier and less fibrous. No differences were found in fatty acid content (C 14:0, C 18:0, C 18:1 and C 18:2). Nor were there any differences in colour measurements, pH or water loss from the meat. While cocks' thighs 1 drumsticks were found to be tougher than their breasts, there were no such differences in capons because after castration, thigh 1 drumstick meat became more tender.
Quality of eggs from game pheasants fed diets of different nutritional value
2011
Eggs from game pheasants receiving a diet containing 19.0% crude protein and 11.7 MJ ME (control) or 15.0% crude protein and 12.6 MJ ME were studied. Analysis was made of 60 eggs (30 eggs from each group) collected during the 5th week of egg production. Eggs were examined within 24 h of collection. Pheasants receiving the experimental diet laid eggs with lower (P ≤0.05) weight (26.3 g), length (42.1 mm) and width (33.5 mm) compared to the eggs from pheas - ants fed the control diet (30.8 g, 43.8 mm and 35.6 mm, respectively). The eggs from pheasants receiving the experimental feed had shells that were significantly (P ≤0.05) lighter (2.5 g), thin - ner (0.280 mm), weaker (shell deformation 31.3 µm) and smaller in area (42.1 cm 2 ). The eggs had the same percentages of albumen (52.9%) and similar percentages of yolk (37.4 : 37.6%) in both groups, with albumen and yolk weight being significantly lower in eggs from pheasants re - ceiving the experimental diet. The change in diet compos...
Effect of caponization on meat quality of Greenleg Partridge cockerels
ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 2015, 15 (2). DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2015-0002
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of caponizing of Greenleg Partridge cockerels on slaughter parameters and meat quality. In total 80 Greenleg Partridge cockerels were assigned to two groups with 40 birds per group. Group I (control) consisted of uncastrated cockerels and group II contained birds that were castrated at 8 weeks of age. Birds were kept until 24 weeks of age and fed the same diet ad libitum. Body weight was recorded at 1, 8, 16 and 24 weeks of age. Dressing percentage, proportion of breast and leg muscles, giblets and abdominal fat, and microstructure of the pectoralis superficialis muscle were determined postmortem. Physicochemical characteristics of meat (pH, CIE L*a*b* colour, water holding capacity, drip loss, thawing loss, cooking loss, shear force, texture parameters and chemical composition) were determined and sensory evaluation was performed. The castration of Greenleg Partridge cockerels contributed to increases in body weight, dressing percentage, and carcass muscle and fat content, and changed the colour of bird skin and muscles. The leg muscles of capons were characterized by higher pH24h, better water holding capacity, a tendency for higher fat concentration, and better sensory quality. The breast muscles of castrated cockerels lost more water and were tougher than the same muscles from uncastrated cockerels, but received better scores for flavour. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the caponized Greenleg Partridge cockerels can be used as a valuable material for production of high quality meat.
International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, 2020
The study was conducted to determine the effects of age at surgical caponization on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of ISA Brown cockerels. A total of 108 birds were used for the study and allotted to four treatments of 27 birds each, replicated three times to give 9 birds per replicate. The cockerels were surgically altered at 4, 6 and 8 weeks of age. Birds had access to formulated starter, grower and finisher diets ad libitum during a twenty one week experimental period. The results revealed that final weight and weight gain in the capons were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in uncaponized birds. Birds caponized at 8 weeks recorded the highest in final weight (3.35 kg/bird) and weight gain (2.98 kg/bird), as against the least obtained from the control with 2.53 kg/bird and 2.17 kg/bird respectively. Significant differences were also observed in feed conversion ratio and mortality. Birds caponized at 8 weeks had better feed conversion ratio of 3.98, as against the least (5.65) obtained from the control. The control group of intact roosters also had the least dressed weight percentage (74.25%), while the birds caponized on the 8 week had the highest percentage (81.67%). Caponization similarly improved relative weights of some cut parts and increased the deposition of abdominal fat. It is concluded that surgical caponization with particular reference to that undertaken when the birds were 8 weeks old, significantly improved growth performance and carcass characteristics of ISA Brown cockerels.
Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2021
Male and female mixed 200 pheasants were reared in intensive and outdoor conditions to assess the meat quality and some digestive tract traits. Color, pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity and drip loss were determined as meat quality traits. Production system did not have significant effect on most of meat quality traits. Conversely, most of these traits were affected by slaughter age. Water holding capacity significantly decreased but cooking loss increased by slaughter age. Total digestive system weight rate to body weight was decreased by slaughter age but did not differ between production systems. Small and large intestine lengths were significantly longer in indoor system and significantly decreased by slaughter age.
Growth and development of young game pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)
Archives Animal Breeding
Fifty game pheasants were kept to 8 weeks in confinement housing and later maintained outdoors in a partially roofed aviary. Pheasants received commercial feed mixtures ad libitum. Body weight and dimensions were determined every 4 weeks. Ten pheasants were selected for slaughter at the end of 18 and 20 weeks each. After slaughter, their heads, shanks, feathers, blood, inedible viscera and major internal organs were weighed and digestive tract separated and measured. The carcasses were dissected. Higher body weights and daily gains were found in males than in females on all test days during rearing to 20 weeks of age. Compared to females, males had significantly longer keel from 4 weeks, longer lower thighs and shanks from 8 weeks, and longer trunk with and without neck and greater chest circumference from 12 weeks of age. Older pheasants had a significantly lower proportion of feathers and blood, and higher content of inedible viscera, with significantly relatively shorter (cm 100 g b.w. −1) small intestine, caecum and rectum in males than in females. With advancing age, there was a decrease in the proportion of gizzard (significant) and liver, and in males a significant increase in the proportion of testicles.
Effect of caponization on growth performance and blood parameter in Fayoumi Cock
GSC Advanced Research and Reviews
Caponization is generally supposed to affect the growth performance, carcass composition, and meat quality of male chickens. The present research work was conducted on 90-day-old Fayoumi male birds at Shahedul Alam Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University during the period from August 2018 to October 2018. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of caponization on surgical efficacy and complications, growth performance, and blood parameter changes (CBC, serum protein, and glucose). The experiment was divided into two groups, an experimental group, and a control group with an equal number of birds (n = 10). Only the birds of the experimental group were caponized at the age of 90 days and reared for 62 days until they reached 152 days of age. Each bird in both groups was given equal care, feeding, water, and housing. Each bird was given a separate tag number for record-keeping. The present study revealed that 20% of bir...