IDENTIFICATION OF STRAINS ISOLATED IN THAILAND AND ASSIGNED TO THE GENERA KOZAKIA AND SWAMINATHANIA (original) (raw)
Related papers
Kozakia baliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel acetic acid bacterium in the a-Proteobacteria
2000
ABSTRACT Four bacterial strains were isolated from palm brown sugar and ragi collected in Bali and Yogyakarta, Indonesia, by an enrichment culture approach for acetic acid bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the four isolates constituted a cluster separate from the genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Acidomonas, Gluconacetobacter and Asaia with a high bootstrap value in a phylogenetic tree. The isolates had high values of DNA-DNA similarity (78-100%) between one another and low values of the similarity (7-25%) to the type strains of Acetobacter aceti, Gluconobacter oxydans, Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens and Asaia bogorensis. The DNA base composition of the isolates ranged from 56.8 to 57.2 mol% G+C with a range of 0-4 mol%. The major quinone was Q-10. The isolates oxidized acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water, but the activity was weak, as with strains of Asaia bogorensis. The isolates differed from Asaia bogorensis strains in phenotypic characteristics. The name Kozakia baliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for the four isolates. Strain Yo-3T (= NRIC 0488T = JCM 11301T = IFO 16664T = DSM 14400T) was isolated from palm brown sugar collected in Bali, Indonesia, and was designated as the type strain.
Annals of Microbiology, 2014
The taxonomic studies on acetic acid bacteria have been mainly carried out on isolates from sources obtained in temperate regions, such as Europe, North America, and Japan. However, few reports have been made on isolates from tropical regions, except for strains of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (Gillis et al.) Yamada et al. 1997 (ϵAcetobacter diazotrophicus Gillis et al. 1989). Moreover, there appear to be no reports on the isolation of strains accommodated in the genus Gluconobacter Asai 1935 from sources of the tropical region. This paper is concerned with the isolation and identification of acetic acid bacteria, especially of strains classified in the genus Gluconobacter from sources collected in Indonesia in the tropical region. Materials and Methods Isolation of acetic acid bacteria from Indonesian sources. The enrichment culture was carried out at pH 3.5 for the isolation of acetic acid bacteria from Indonesian sources. Such sources as flowers, nata de coco, brown sugar, fruits, ragi, and mash of soybean paste were collected in Indonesia and incubated in 7.0 ml of the enrichment culture medium. The medium was composed of 1.0% glucose, 0.5% ethanol, 0.3% acetic acid, 1.5% peptone, 0.8% yeast extract, and 100 ppm of cycloheximide and adjusted to pH 3.5 with
Isolates AH11 T and AH13 T were isolated from flowers of lantana and candle bush respectively collected in Thailand. In phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the two isolates formed an independent cluster, which was then connected to the type strain of Saccharibacter floricola. The calculated pair-wise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of isolate AH11 T were 95.7-92.3% to the type strains of the type species of the 12 genera of acetic acid bacteria. The DNA base composition was from 51.2 to 56.8 mol % G+C, with a range of 5.6 mol %. When isolate AH11 T was labeled, DNA-DNA similarities were 100, 12, 4, 5, and 4% respectively to isolates AH11 T and AH13 T and the type strains of Saccharibacter floricola, Gluconobacter oxydans, and Acetobacter aceti. The two isolates were non-motile and did not oxidize either acetate or lactate. No growth was found in the presence of 0.35% acetic acid w/v. The two isolates were not osmophilic but osmotolerant, produced 2,5-diketo-D-gluconate from D-glucose, and did not oxidize lactate, thus differing from strains of Saccharibacter floricola, which showed weak lactate oxidation. The two isolates contained unsaturated C 18:1 !7c fatty acid as the major fatty acid, and were unique in the presence of a considerable amount of straight-chain C 18:1 2OH fatty acid. Q-10 was present as the major isoprenoid quinone. Neokomagataea gen. nov. was proposed with the two species, Neokomagataea thailandica sp. nov. for isolate AH11 T (¼ BCC 25710 T ¼ NBRC 106555 T ), which has 56.8 mol % G+C, and Neokomagataea tanensis sp. nov. for isolate AH13 T (¼ BCC 25711 T ¼ NBRC 106556 T ), which has 51.2 mol % G+C.
Application of molecular methods for routine identification of acetic acid bacteria
International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2006
A. pomorum Ga. xylinus G. assaii A. peroxydans Ga. hansenii A. indonesiensis Ga. europaeus Asaia Kozakia A. tropicalis Ga. oboediens As. bogorensis K. baliensis A. syzygii Ga. intermedius As. siamensis A. cibinongenesis Ga. sacchari As. indonesiensis A. orientalis Ga. entanii As. rugthepensis A. orleaniensis Ga. johannae A. lovaniensis Ga. azotocaptans Swaminathania Saccharibacter A. estuniensis Ga. Swingsii S. salitolerans Sa. floricola A. malorum A. cerevisiae Table 1: Species of AAB 3.3. Identification 3.3.1. Classical methods Classical microbiological taxonomy has traditionally used morphological and physiological differences among the species to discriminate between them. The tests could only discriminate at the species level, although the physiological methods would not be able to distinguish the currently described species. At the genus level, several characteristics can contribute to the differentiation. The Gluconobacter genus cannot completely oxidise acetic acid into CO 2 and water. The main characteristic of Acidomonas is that it can grow in methanol, and Asaia is characterised by its inability to grow in a media with an acetic acid concentration higher than 0.35%. The other two genera, Gluconcetobacter and Acetobacter, can be differentiated on the basis of their ubiquinone content. Ubiquinone Q9 is present in Acetobacter, and ubiquinone Q10 in Gluconacetobacter (Trcek & Teuber, 2002). Kozakia have low similarity values of the % G + C content among the other genera (7-25% lower than the other species), the major ubiquinone is Q10 and have a weak activity in oxidation of lactate and acetate into carbon dioxide and water. The genus Saccharibacter has a negligible or very weak productivity of acetic acid from ethanol and the osmophilic growth properties distinguished this genus from other AAB. Swaminathania genus is able to fix nitrogen and solubilized phosphate in the presence of NaCl. Some of the phenotypic characteristics of the former speceis described in Bergey's Manual are shown in table 2.
Identification of acetic acid bacteria isolated from fruits collected in Thailand
The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, 2004
Since Thailand is located in a tropical area, we have expected that many species of acetic acid bacteria will be found in this country. This study aims at the isolation and identification of acetic acid bacteria from fruits and other source materials collected in Thailand. Acetic acid bacteria were isolated by an enrichment culture approach from many kinds of fruits and other source materials collected in Bangkok and in some provinces of Thailand. The collected source materials were incubated at pH 4.5 and 30°C for 3-5 days in a GEY liquid medium (15 ml) composed of 2.0% D-glucose, 5.0% ethanol, and 1.0% yeast extract. When mi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1999
Bureau of Sugar A new species of the genus Gluconacefobacfer, for which the name Gluconacefobacfer sacchari sp. nov. is proposed, was isolated from the leaf sheath of sugar cane and from the pink sugar-cane mealy bug, Saccharicoccus sacchari, found on sugar cane growing in Queensland and northern New South Wales, Australia. The nearest phylogenetic relatives in the a-subclass of the Pro f eobacferia a re Glucona ce f obacter lique faciens and Gluconace tobacf er diazotrophicus, which have 988-993 O/ O and 97.9-98-5 O/ O 165 rDNA sequence similarity, respectively, to members of Gluconacetobacfer sacchari. On the basis of the phylogenetic positioning of the strains, DNA reassociation studies, phenotypic tests and the presence of the Q l O ubiquinone, this new species was assigned to the genus Gluconacefobacfer. No single phenotypic characteristic is unique to the species, but the species can be differentiated phenotypically from closely related members of the acetic acid bacteria by growth in the presence of 0 0 1 YO malachite green, growth on 30% glucose, an inability to f i x nitrogen and an inability to grow with the L-amino acids asparagine, glycine, glutamine, threonine and tryptophan when D-mannitol was supplied as the sole carbon and energy source. The type strain of this species is strain SRI 1794T (= DSM 127173.
Asaia bogorensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an unusual acetic acid bacterium in the alpha-Proteobacteria
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2000
Eight Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and peritrichously flagellated strains were isolated from flowers of the orchid tree (Bauhinia purpurea) and of plumbago (Plumbago auriculata), and from fermented glutinous rice, all collected in Indonesia. The enrichment culture approach for acetic acid bacteria was employed, involving use of sorbitol medium at pH 3.5. All isolates grew well at pH 3.0 and 30 degrees C. They did not oxidize ethanol to acetic acid except for one strain that oxidized ethanol weakly, and 0.35% acetic acid inhibited their growth completely. However, they oxidized acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water. The isolates grew well on mannitol agar and on glutamate agar, and assimilated ammonium sulfate for growth on vitamin-free glucose medium. The isolates produced acid from D-glucose, D-fructose, L-sorbose, dulcitol and glycerol. The quinone system was Q-10. DNA base composition ranged from 59.3 to 61.0 mol% G + C. Studies of DNA relatedness showed that the isolates constitute a single species. Phylogenetic analysis based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolates are located in the acetic acid bacteria lineage, but distant from the genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Acidomonas and Gluconacetobacter. On the basis of the above characteristics, the name Asaia bogorensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for these isolates. The type strain is isolate 71T (= NRIC 0311T = JCM 10569T).