[Arthropod community associated with the canopy of Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae) during the flood period of the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil] (original) (raw)
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Neotropical Entomology, 2007
Six trees of the palm species Attalea phalerata Mart. were sampled during high water (aquatic phase) of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso (February 2001), by canopy fogging. The composition, structure, and biomass of the arthropod community associated with their canopies were analysed, as well collections. A total of 63,657 arthropods (643.0 ± 259.87 ind/m 2 ) were collected, representing 25 orders in the classes Insecta, Arachnida, Diplopoda and Crustacea. The dominant groups were Acari (40.0%; 257.2 ± 116.50 ind./m 2 ), Coleoptera (12.0%; 77.5 ± 64.93 ind./m 2 ), Psocoptera (9.2%; 59.0 ± 38.00 ind./m 2 ), Diptera (8.4%; 54.1 ± 18.72 ind./m 2 ), Collembola (8.3%; 53.4 ± 26.24 ind./m 2 ) and Hymenoptera (7.9%; 50.6 ± 21.40 ind./m 2 ), the latter mostly represented by Formicidae (49.2%). Arthropod biomass amounted to 8.86 g dry weight and 0.18 mg/m 2 . Coleoptera, Blattodea, Orthoptera, Araneae and Hymenoptera to strongly affect the composition and structure of this canopy community.
Arthropods associated with the canopy of the palm Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae), in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Six individuals of the palm A. phalerata, in Poconé floodplains of Mato Grosso, were sprayed with a synthetic pyrethroid (0.25% concentration) in order to study the biomass, diversity, and richness of the canopy arthropods. A total of 17,188 (238.7±80.6 ind./m²) arthropods belonging to 22 Orders, was collected in a 72 m² funnel area. Two hours after spraying, 58.9% of the total number fell into the funnels, 37.6% was obtained by shaking the trees, and finally, 3.5% after cutting and washing all the palm leaves. The Coleoptera (27.4%), Hymenoptera-Formicidae (19.0%), Collembola (13.6%), Psocoptera (10.7%), Diptera (9.0%) and Araneae (6.4%) were the predominant. The total biomass was 15.1 g dry weight (0.4mg/m²; 0.13+0.04/tree). A total of 4,715 beetles representing 48 families and 326 morphospecies were obtained. Tenebrionidae (22.9%), Curculionidae (22.0%), Carabidae (10.9%) and Staphylinidae (7.9%) were the most abundant, while Curculionidae (44 spp.), Staphylinidae (40 spp.) and Chrysomelidae (34 spp.) presented the largest number of morphospecies. Herbivores (37.5%) were the dominant in the trophic guilds of adult Coleoptera, followed by predators (35.4%), fungivores (14.6%), and saprophages (12.5%). Although most arthropod Orders were represented in all the palms sampled, analysis of variance showed no significant differences in their composition, however there was a significant difference in their frequency of occurrence.
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2004
Ecological aspects of a community of Araneae (Arthropoda, Arachnida) at the canopy of the palm Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae) in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Six palm trees of Attalea phalerata were sampled during the aquatic phase (high water) in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso (February 2001) using canopy fogging. The objective was to evaluate the composition, spatial distribution, behavioural guilds, biomass and seasonality of the community of Araneae at the crowns of these palm trees, which form monospecific stands that are typical of this region. A total of 1,326 spiders was collected in the 99 m 2 sampling area (13.4 + 8.2 individuals/m 2 ), representing 20 families, of which Salticidae and Araneidae were the most abundant. The total biomass of 704 spiders from three palm trees was 0.6172 mg dry weight (0.0123+ 0.04 mg/m 2 ). In terms of behaviour guilds, ten groups were found, demonstrating the coexistence of many different groups in the same habitat. Members of the Salticidae, Oonopidae and Ctenidae were the dominant hunters and members of Araneidae and Dictynidae, the dominant orb-weavers. Analysis of the spatial distribution showed that the greatest abundance of spiders occurred in the central region of the crown, which probably provided access to the large number of resources available there. A comparison of these results with the ones obtained in the terrestrial phase (low water) revealed a seasonal difference that is influenced by the flood pulse in which there was a difference in the composition of the families in the high and low water.
Abstract. The palm trees correspond to an important element in tropical ecosystems, serving as food source and habitat for a wide variety of invertebrates and vertebrates. Considering the role of these plants as hosts of different species, this study evaluated descriptively the composition, trophic guilds and biomass of the community of Coleoptera associated with canopies Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae) in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso. Six palm trees were sampled during the high water season of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso (February 2001), by canopy fogging. A total of 7,670 specimens were collected (77.5 ind./m²), 5,044 adults (65.7%; 50.9 ind./m²) and 2,626 larvae (34.3%; 26.5 ind./m²). Adults (65.7%) represented 43 families and 467 morphospecies. The dominant families were Endomychidae, Nitidulidae, Tenebrionidae, Staphylinidae and Curculionidae, representing 66.9% of the total catch. Saprophages, fungivores and herbivores prevailed over predators. Highest richness of species was found for Staphylinidae, Curculionidae, Tenebrionidae and Chrysomelidae. Highest biomass was found in Scarabaeidae and Tenebrionidae followed by Nitidulidae and Curculionidae. These results indicate that the canopy of A. phalerata is habitat for a wide variety of Coleoptera, as well a reproduction site, as evidenced by the high number of larvae sampled in this study.
EntomoBrasilis, 2014
As palmeiras correspondem a um importante elemento nos ecossistemas tropicais, servindo como fonte alimentar e habitat para uma grande variedade de organismos invertebrados e vertebrados. Considerando o papel destas plantas como hospedeiras de diferentes espécies este estudo objetivou avaliar de maneira descritiva a composição, distribuição em guildas tróficas e a biomassa da comunidade de Coleoptera associada às copas de Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae) no Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso. Ao todo foram amostrados seis indivíduos desta palmeira em fevereiro 2001, empregando-se a metodologia de termonebulização de copas. Obtiveram-se 7.670 indivíduos (77,5 ind./m²), sendo 5.044 adultos (65,7%; 50,9 ind./m²) e 2.626 larvas (34,3%; 26,5 ind./m²). Os adultos foram distribuídos em 43 famílias e 467 morfoespécies. As famílias mais representativas foram Endomychidae, Nitidulidae, Tenebrionidae, Staphylinidae e Curculionidae, correspondendo a 66,9% do total coletado. Dentre as guildas tróficas, saprófagos, fungívoros e herbívoros predominaram sobre predadores. A maior riqueza de espécies foi observada em Staphylinidae, Curculionidae, Tenebrionidae e Chrysomelidae. A maior biomassa foi registrada para Scarabaeidae e Tenebrionidae, seguidos por Nitidulidae e Curculionidae. Esses resultados indicam que a copa de A. phalerata é habitat para uma grande diversidade de Coleoptera, bem como local de reprodução, fato evidenciado pelo elevado número de larvas amostradas neste estudo.
A diversificação de habitats e abundância de recursos encontrados sobre as espécies vegetais geram reservatórios de biodiversidade (SAMWAYS 1994; CHARLES & BASSET 2005), que, em muitos ecossistemas, podem ser estratificados do solo até as copas das árvores (BASSET 1992; RODGERS & KITCHING 1998; CHARLES & BASSEt 2005). A copa das arvores é um dos habitats que tem sido considerado importante para a manutenção e o incremento da riqueza de espécies, onde ocorre o acúmulo de matéria orgânica suspensa, colonizada por vários táxons associados, diretamente ou temporariamente, através de migrações verticais (KITCHING et al.1997; ROISIN et al. 2006; BATTIROLA et al. 2007).
Artropodofauna associada a ninhos de Arara Azul no Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
No Pantanal, 90% dos ninhos de araras azuis são encontradas em um único tipo de árvore, o manduví. Por ter um cerne macio e suscetível à formação de cavidades, são mais utilizados pela espécie. As araras azuis não começam uma cavidade, mas aumentam pequenas cavidades feitas por pica-paus, ou provocados pela quebra de galhos, ou mesmo iniciados por fungos e cupins, os ninhos apresentam forrados com serragem que as araras beliscam da própria árvore. Devido a competição com outras espécies que utilizam o ninho para postura ou como refúgio durante a alimentação, torna-se difícil encontrar cavidades naturais pelas araras. O Projeto Arara Azul desenvolveu e instalou ninhos artificiais, visando balancear esse fator limitante, parte deles foi ocupado por araras-vermelhas, tucanos, gaviões, corujas, patos e urubus, e até pela própria Arara Azul diminuindo a disputa por ninhos naturais. Visando conhecer a artropodofauna associada a serragem presente no interior do ninho foram obtidas doze amostras , seis de ninhos naturais e seis de artificiais, e realizada a trigem e identificação dos indivíduos até a menor categoria possível. Os dados foram submetidos a análises que caracterizou uma maior densidade para os ninhos artificias. Foram encontrados as seguintes ordens e famílias: Diptera (Stratiomyidae); Psocoptera; Hymenoptera (Formicidae); Coleoptera (Elateridae (larva) Tenebrionidae (larva) Sp 1 (larva)) e Acarina nos ninhos artificiais, Coleoptera(Tenebrionidae (larva) Histeridae); Blattodea (ninfa) além de Acarina e um Pseudoscorpionida nos ninhos naturais.