Rhinovirus infection interferes with induction of tolerance to aeroantigens through OX40 ligand, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and IL-33 (original) (raw)
2015, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Rhinovirus infection at an early age has been associated with development of asthma, but how rhinovirus influences the immune response is not clear. Tolerance to inhaled antigen is mediated through induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells, and we examined whether rhinovirus infection of the respiratory tract can block airway tolerance by modulating Treg cells. The immune response to intranasal ovalbumin in mice was assessed with concomitant infection with RV1B, and the factors induced in vivo were compared with those made by human lung epithelial cells infected in vitro with RV16. RV1B infection of mice abrogated tolerance induced by inhalation of soluble ovalbumin, suppressing the normal generation of forkhead box protein 3-positive Treg cells while promoting TH2 cells. Furthermore, RV1B infection led to susceptibility to asthmatic lung disease when mice subsequently re-encountered aeroantigen. RV1B promoted early in vivo expression of the TNF family protein OX40 ligand on lung dendr...
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