Virtual autopsy in forensic sciences and its applications in the forensic odontology (original) (raw)
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Virtual autopsy in forensic sciences an its applications in forensic odontology
Revista Odonto Ciencia, 2012
Nowadays, technological advances are becoming more and more important in forensic sciences. Yet autopsy is still one of the very traditional methods. This also applies for dentalautopsies, in which visual, photographic and radiological evidences are collected. In this context, Virtual Autopsy appears as a helpful and complementary tool for dental and medical cadaveric examination. Usinghigh-tech radiological approaches, Virtual Autopsy may provide, through images, an efficient and more accurate view on the individual case. This critical review aims to update the dental professionalspresenting the first national paper with explanations on Virtual Autopsy.
Introductory Chapter: An Overview of Post-Mortem Examination and Autopsy
Post Mortem Examination and Autopsy - Current Issues From Death to Laboratory Analysis, 2018
Forensic medicine explores the legal aspects of medicine, and medicolegal investigation of death is the most significant and crucial function of it. The nature of post mortem examinations are changing and the understanding of causes of death are evolving with the increase of knowledge, availability, and use of various analyses including genetic testing. Postmortem examination practice is turning into a more multidisciplinary approach for investigations, which are becoming more evidence based. Although there are numerous publications about forensic medicine and post mortem examination, this book aims to provide some basic information on post mortem examination and current developments in some important and special areas. It is considered that this book will be useful for forensic pathologists, clinicians, attorneys, law enforcement officers, and medical students.
We present the second part of our review concerning the history of autopsy. During the development of medicine the role of autopsy was obviously changing. Concurrently with the progress in the anatomical knowledge, the anatomists observed and noted both single anomalies and repetitive changes which correlated with symptoms in living patients. This is how anatomopathology came into being. We present the most famous people engaged in autopsy comprehension. We discuss main trends and ideas influencing the phenomenon of autopsy in the analyzed period: from sporadic public dissections, through theatra anatomica, introduction of autopsy to the hospital medicine and separation of anatomopathology as a medical speciality. The golden age of autopsy was the 19 th century and the first half of the 20 th century, with a consecutive decline in frequency. Nevertheless, despite the progress in diagnostics in vivo, it seems that autopsy will keep its important place in medicine according to the old motto "Mortui vivos docent" (the dead teach the living).
Journal of Cancer, 2016
Background: Reports on a marked reduction of the number of autopsies performed worldwide to less than 5% of hospital deaths remain without a satisfactory explanation. The premature disappearance of the autopsy might represent a medical tragedy of a major order. One of the causes for the decrease in autopsies is poorly documented: we suspect that the attending physician might show some reluctance when requesting a consent for an autopsy from the bereaved family. Moreover, this officer might consider that the post mortem will add little information to that already obtained from the computerized tomography scanner or the magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: In order to confirm our hypothesis, we carried out a review of 300 articles indexed as "radiologic-histologic correlation", 118 of which were selected for a significant correlation. From the abstracts, we retrieved the type of the article, the degree of correlation as assessed by the authors and the form of imaging employed, and we computed them.
2018
The virtual autopsy and post-mortem imaging methods are relatively novel methods used in medicine to determine cause and manner of death. They can also be exceptionally useful in the process of identification. Although they have numerous advantages, they are still not implemented in practice to a sufficient extent because the methodology has not yet been validated, and studies that deal with legal and practical implications of those methods are relatively scarce. In this article we describe basic principles and advantages of the methodology, explore related legal and practical issues, and present a case of virtual autopsy in practice on the mummified remains of St. Ivan Olini from Church of St. Blaise in Vodnjan (Croatia).Virtualna obdukcija in postmortalna metoda slikanja sta relativno novi metodi v medicini za ugotovljanje vzroka in načina smrti. Izjemno koristni sta lahko tudi v procesu identifikacije. Kljub številnim prednostim pa se v praksi še vedno ne izvajata v zadovoljivem ...
Virtopsy - an alternative to the conventional autopsy
Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine - ROM J LEG MED, 2010
At present, the autopsy reports are based on a subjective, descriptive method. The technical progress of the imagistic domain led to the development of objective, non-invasive and non-destructive methods, whose utility manifested itself within forensic medicine, too. It developed the concept of virtopsy, an alternative to the conventional autopsy, using the imagistic modern techniques, whose results were quantified in comparison to this. Results show that in case of using this uniform and objective method that preserves the forensic evidence, some data important for the expertise, for instance regarding the morpho-pathological aspects, the vital signs and responses, the cause of death, the reconstruction of events-are superior to those provided by the conventional autopsy, existing though domains which offer fewer information. At the same time, virtopsy represents an alternative for the religious communities that do not accept the autopsy or impose strict conditions. Ethically, virtopsy ranges among the methods which support the respect for the human being, the right to intimacy even after death.
Virtopsy ? Radiology in Forensic Medicine
Imaging Decisions MRI, 2007
During the last few years, modern cross-sectional imaging techniques have pioneered forensic medicine. Magnetic resonance imaging and especially multislice computed tomography are becoming increasingly implemented into post-mortem examinations. These non-invasive techniques can augment and even partially replace a traditional autopsy. Beside the radiological imaging techniques, the methods of three-dimensional surface scanning and photogrammetry are used for the documentation of the external findings of the body. To realize the goal of a minimal-invasive autopsy, other tools like post-mortem biopsy and post-mortem angiography have been developed. In analogy to the clinical use of biopsy and angiography these techniques will permit post-mortem tissue sampling for further analyses and enable post-mortem examinations of the vascular system. With the use of these methods, a minimally invasive, objective and investigatorindependent documentation of forensic cases can be realized to reach quality improvements in forensic pathological investigations.