Polymer Nanocomposites: Preparation, properties and applications (original) (raw)
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A review of the recent developments in the field of polymer composites
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© 2018 IJRAR December 2018, Volume 5, Issue 4 www.ijrar.org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, PISSN 2349-5138) IJRAR1BIP175 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org 1071 particulate fillers, to enhance various attributes. The modification in the properties is mainly dependent on the size of nano filler, nature of filler, weight percentage of filler, and facade treatment of the fillers. In the last two decades, there has been a strong importance given to the polymer based nanocomposites, i.e. at least one of the proportions of the filler particles should have size in nanometres. The ultimate manufactured product should not be of nano-scale, but it can be in macroscopic or microscopic shape[7]. The nanometric scaled molecule such as platelet clays, multi walled nano tubes of carbon, and fibers in nano size with extremely elevated aspects ratio with its nano-scaled distribution within the chemical compound matrix has proven to become the basis of structures becau...
Nanotechnology and the Environment [Working Title]
Nanocomposites are the heterogeneous/hybrid materials that are produced by the mixtures of polymers with inorganic solids (clays to oxides) at the nanometric scale. Their structures are found to be more complicated than that of microcomposites. They are highly influenced by the structure, composition, interfacial interactions, and components of individual property. Most popularly, nanocomposites are prepared by the process within in situ growth and polymerization of biopolymer and inorganic matrix. With the rapid estimated demand of these striking potentially advanced materials, make them very much useful in various industries ranging from small scale to large to very large manufacturing units. With a great deal to mankind with environmental friendly, these offer advanced technologies in addition to the enhanced business opportunities to several industrial sectors like automobile, construction, electronics and electrical, food packaging, and technology transfer.
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Thermoplastic polymers are materials of the future, with special properties, depending on the type of elastomer, the degree of reinforcement, the type of reinforcement material, the functionalization of the reinforcing material, the type of functionalization agent, the elastomer-compatibiliser-reinforcing agent ratio, etc. Polycarbonate (PC) and polyamide (PA) are two elastomers with high hardness, immiscible due to differences in polarity, processing temperature, and solubility. These factors lead to a poor dispersion of PC in the PA matrix and vice versa. Mechanical and physical properties of these polymer blends come not only from the combination of polymeric compounds, but also from the developed morphological forms (interface). Therefore, an additive is required to act as a compatibiliser able to effectively reduce elastomer viscosity. In order to observe the influence of the selected compatibiliser on the properties of polymer composites, the latter were characterized physico-mechanically and morphologically. Thus, compatibilisers chosen for this study were polycaprolactone and polyalkyloxazoline. These compatibilisers, with specific surface and free energy, intervene in polymer-polymer interactions, increasing compatibility, forming polymer-compatibiliser-polymer bonds. Considering these properties formulations of polymercompounds were established (P1-P13) based on polyamide/compatibiliser/polycarbonate/fibreglass. Tested polymer composites contain different percentages of polyamide and polycarbonate (90, 70, 50, 30, 10), compatibiliser (caprolactone and oxazoline) 3-7%, and 10-30% fibreglass.
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A Review on Polymer Nanocomposites and Its Applications
International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering, 2023
Multiple phases that have at least one, two, or three dimensions in the nanoscale range make up a nanocomposite material. Phase interfaces are produced when material dimensions are reduced to the nanoscale level, and they are crucial for improving the properties of the material. Understanding the relationship between structure and property is directly influenced by the surface area to volume ratio of the reinforced material employed during the creation of nanocomposites. Opportunities for overcoming barriers in the medical, pharmaceutical, food packaging, electronics, and energy industries are provided by nanocomposties on entirely new scales. Polymeric nanocomposites are frequently created by directly incorporating inorganic nanoscale building pieces into polymers. Surface modification of the nanofillers is crucial in the creation of nanocomposites through dispersive blending. It has the power to make fillers more hydrophobic, improve interfacial adhesion by chemical bonding or chain entanglement, and get rid of the loose structure of filler agglomerates. The state of the art for nanoparticle/polymer composites is reviewed in the current work, along with the specific surface pretreatment methods and their uses. Particular emphasis is placed on the function of modified nanoparticles and the mechanisms involved in the enhancement of the mechanical characteristics and wear resistance of the composites.
Current work aims to evaluate the effect of incorporating Tamarindus indica L. seed powder (TISP) and hybridization of hemp and jute natural fibers upon the characteristics of polymer nano-composites by varying the content (in weight percentage) of both the natural fibers. TISP filled hemp fibers (HF) and jute fibers (JF) reinforced polymer composites were manufactured via compression molding technique and mechanical properties such as flexural strength and modulus, tensile strength and modulus, porosity, hardness, impact strength, and inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) were determined for the hybrid composites. Composites were also characterized by water absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Experimental results showcased that the tensile strength and modulus of the composites are 39.52 MPa and 2.648 GPa and the flexural strength and modulus values are of 89.62 MPa and 9.24 GPa respectively. The impact strength and ILSS values were found to be 2.35 J and 3.62 MPa. Composites containing 40 wt% JF and 10 wt% HF showcased reduced amount of void content because of the appreciable compatibility existed between matrix and the fibers. K E Y W O R D S characterization, hybrid composites, jute/hemp fibers, mechanical properties, tamarind seed nano-powder