Female students' disordered eating and the big five personality facets (original) (raw)
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Eating behavior and personality: an exploratory analysis
Personality and Individual Differences, 1988
An exploratory study on a university student sample (N = 67) shows that scores on Restraint, Disinhibition and Hunger of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) of Stunkard and Messick (1985) are not associated with EPQ and MMPI personality dimensions. However, Restraint and EPQ Psychoticism load on the same Varimax-rotated factor and low predictability of TFEQ factor scores was found for some MMPI scales. Restraint and Disinhibition appeared significantly intercorrelated in the whole sample and in the sex-based subsamples. It is suggested that TFEQ scores are complementary to personality tests in the evaluation of eating behavior disorders.
Personality prototype as a risk factor for eating disorders
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 2015
Objective: To establish whether the risk of suffering from an eating disorder (ED) is associated with the high-functioning, undercontrolled, or overcontrolled personality prototype groups. Method: The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 (EDI-2) were administered to 69 patients diagnosed as suffering from EDs (cases) and 89 people free of any ED symptoms (control group). A cluster analysis was carried out to divide the participants into three groups based on their scores in the Big Five personality dimensions. A logistic regression model was then created. Results: Participants in the undercontrolled group had a risk of suffering from an ED 6.517 times higher than those in the high-functioning group (p = 0.019; odds ratio [OR] = 6.517), while those in the overcontrolled subgroup had a risk of ED 15.972 times higher than those in the high-functioning group. Conclusions: Two personality subtypes were identified in which the risk of EDs was six times higher (the undercontrolled group) and almost 16 times higher (the overcontrolled group). Prevention and treatment programs for ED could benefit from focusing on the abovementioned personality profiles.
The Relationship Between Eating Disorder Behavior and Myers-Briggs Personality Type
2008
This study examined the relationship between eating disorder behavior, identified by the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, and personality types, as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI®) instrument, among a sample of female college students. No statistically significant relationships were found between MBTI personality type and eating disorder behavior. Note: For the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI®) instrument, the eight preference categories are the following: Extraversion (E) versus Introversion (I), Sensing (S) versus Intuition (N), Thinking (T) versus Feeling (F), Judging (J) versus Perceiving (P). INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between eating disorders and personality (Cassin & von Ranson, 2005; Claes, Vandereycken, Luyten, Soenens, Pieters, & Vertommen, 2006; Lilenfeld, Wonderlich, Riso, Crosby, & Mitchell, 2006; Södersten, Bergh, & Zandian, 2006; Thompson-Brenner & Westen, 2005; Westen & Harnden-Fisher, 2001; Youssef, Plancherel...
The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire in Eating Disorder Patients
The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was developed to measure a variety of personality variants on three hiosocial dimensions, harm avoidance (HA), novelty seeking (NS), and reward dependence (RD), which are thought to be related to serotonin (5-HJ), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) function, respectively. Patients with eating disorders have been reported to have abnormalities in all of these systems, as well as personality variants described by these dimensions. We therefore administered the TPQ to 147 patients with DSM-III-R defined eating disorders (1 W bulimia nervosa IBN], 27 with anorexia nervosa [AN!, and 10 with BN+AN) and compared their scores to those of 350 female controls. When significant, post hoc Bonferroni t tests were performed using alpha = COS. Al! subtypes of eating disorder patients scored significantly higher on HA than controls (p < .0001, analysis of variance. Only patients with BN (±AN) had significantly higher degrees of NS (p ^ .0001), particularly on the impulsiveness subscale (NS2), although this may, in part, be due to age. No significant differences in total RD were found, although BN patients scored lower on RD3 (attachment vs. detachment) and higher on RD4 (dependence vs. independence) than controls. In addition, AN patients had significantly higher RD2 (persistence vs. irresoluteness) subscale scores. These data support a theory of 5-HT dysregulation in both types of eating disorders and suggest that further research be done on the role of DA and NE in BN.
Personality and eating disorders: A decade in review
Clinical Psychology Review, 2005
Personality traits have been implicated in the onset, symptomatic expression, and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). The present article reviews literature examining the link between personality and EDs published within the past decade, and presents a meta-analysis evaluating the prevalence of personality disorders (PDs) in anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) as assessed by self-report instruments versus diagnostic interviews. AN and BN are both consistently characterized by perfectionism, obsessive-compulsiveness, neuroticism, negative emotionality, harm avoidance, low selfdirectedness, low cooperativeness, and traits associated with avoidant PD. Consistent differences that emerge between ED groups are high constraint and persistence and low novelty seeking in AN and high impulsivity, sensation seeking, novelty seeking, and traits associated with borderline PD in BN. The meta-analysis, which found PD rates of 0 to 58 percent among individuals with AN and BN, documented that self-report instruments greatly overestimate the prevalence of every PD.
Personality traits associated with eating disorders and obesity in young Argentineans
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 2018
Purpose Few studies have been conducted on Latin American population to explore how facets of personality, eating disorders, and obesity are related. The main purpose of this study was to explore the personality traits among patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (n = 23), bulimia nervosa (n = 32), and obesity (n = 16), in comparison to control group (n = 82). Methods A total of 153 individuals participated in the study, 125 were female (81.7%) and 28 were male (18.3%). Participants' ages ranged between 18 and 37 years (mean 24.21, SD 4.84) and they were all native Spanish speakers, living in the city of Córdoba, Argentina. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 and the IPIP-NEO Personality Inventory. Results In this study, the subjects diagnosed with anorexia in comparison to control group showed high and significant scores in neuroticism and openness to experience and low scores on agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion. For their part, the subjects diagnosed with bulimia, in comparison to the control group, had higher and significant scores on neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. Lastly, the patients with obesity in comparison to the control group presented high and significant scores on neuroticism and low and significant scores on agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. Conclusions The results obtained from this study support previous research devoted to the study of eating disorders and obesity. This situation favors the valid and relevant nature of the study of personality traits as factors that contribute to explaining behavior disorders associated with eating pathologies. This is a preliminary and necessary step for future research to examine the risky combination of personality traits and anorexia, bulimia, and obesity in the local context using a larger and more generalized sample.
A controlled study of personality traits in female adolescents with eating disorders
Clinical Psychologist, 2013
Background: Among adults, personality traits have been implicated in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs); whether these findings extend to youth is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate personality traits of adolescents with EDs. Methods: A case-control approach was performed by comparing a clinical group of female adolescents with EDs (n = 23) to a control group of adolescents in the general community (n = 26) on personality traits of inhibited, self-demeaning, and borderline tendency. Controls were frequency-matched to cases on age and sex, were drawn from a similar geographic catchment area, and observed in the same year as clinical cases. Results: The clinical group demonstrated significantly higher scores on selfdemeaning (F(1,47) = 41.39, p < .001, h 2 = .075), borderline (F(1,47) = 24.50, p < .001, h 2 = .093), and inhibited (F(1,47) = 13.33, p = .001, h 2 = .014) personality styles. Adjustment for affective symptomatology diminished the strength of these relationships, but personality pathology still demarcated the group with clinical EDs. Conclusions: The well-established link between personality pathology and EDs in adults generalised to adolescents. Key Points 1 Inhibited, self-demeaning, and borderline personality traits were higher in adolescents with eating disorders (EDs) relative to healthy controls. 2 Findings accord with adult-based research and inform the conceptualisation of candidate aetiological and risk factors for EDs. 3 Assessment and consideration of personality traits in ED clinical care is sparse but attention worthy as malleability of personality is greater in early life.
Food Science & Nutrition, 2020
Body weight is an important public health issue that has implications for serious and chronic health conditions. Rates of being overweight or obese are increasing in industrialized nations (Abarca-Gómez et al., 2017; Ng et al., 2014) and accounted for about four million deaths and 120 million disability-adjusted life years worldwide in 2015 (GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators, 2017). Despite the increasing rates of overweight and obesity, thin and ultrathin bodies are often idealized in modern culture, particularly among girls and young women (Grogan, 2016). This incredibly thin body shape is unattainable for the average person and can lead to body dissatisfaction