Effects of incorporation of modified silica nanoparticles on the mechanical and thermal properties of PMMA (original) (raw)
Related papers
Applications, drawbacks, and future scope of nanoparticle-based polymer composites
Nanoparticle-Based Polymer Composites, 2022
Over the earlier decades, an explosive growth of nanotechnology and nanoparticle synthesis techniques has been witnessed. The infusion of nanoparticles into polymer matrices to fabricate nanoparticle-based polymer composites has been carried out along with the advancement of nanotechnology. Unlike conventional materials, polymer nanocomposites exhibit superior performance because of the outstanding properties of nanoparticles such as high aspect ratio, unique structural attributes, and properties. This chapter focuses on recent state-of-the-art polymer nanocomposite applications that include but are not limited to food packaging, biomedical, drug delivery, sensing, energy storage, flame retardancy, microelectronics, surface coating, pollution remediation, e-textiles, etc. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of nanoparticle-based polymer composites and their potential prospective applications have also been discussed.
2015
Polymer – inorganic nanoparticles composites present an interesting approach, because by combining the attractive functionality of both components result new materials with synergistically improved properties. The objective of this paper was to examine the structure and properties of a new type of composite materials based on thermoplastic polymers and inorganic nanoparticles. It is very difficult for inorganic nanoparticles to disperse in the polymer matrix through conventional mixing, because the nanoparticles have high surface energy and have tendency to agglomerate during mixing. So, surface of inorganic nanoparticles was modified with a capping agent, who it was used to improve the interface between the organic and inorganic phases. Chemical structure, particle size distribution and surface morphology of the obtained composites were characterized using Fourier infrared spectra (FTIR) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
Polymer-Nanoparticle Composites: From Synthesis to Modern Applications
The addition of inorganic spherical nanoparticles to polymers allows the modification of the polymers physical properties as well as the implementation of new features in the polymer matrix. This review article covers considerations on special features of inorganic nanoparticles, the most important synthesis methods for ceramic nanoparticles and nanocomposites, nanoparticle surface modification, and composite formation, including drawbacks. Classical nanocomposite properties, as thermomechanical, dielectric, conductive, magnetic, as well as optical properties, will be summarized. Finally, typical existing and potential applications will be shown with the focus on new and innovative applications, like in energy storage systems.
Thermochimica Acta, 2011
With the rapid development of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials since 1990s, the studies on polymerbased nanocomposites have been extensively focused on their properties' enhancement. Among these, it is well known that nanoparticles can also enhance thermal degradation of nanocomposites. This review is focused on highlighting the effect of different nanoparticles, their dispersion and the used modifiers, on polymer thermal stability. The whole range of polycondensation polymer matrices is covered. Most of these polymers have reactive end groups which can interact with inorganic nanoparticles surface. Hydrogen or covalent bonds can be formed, which can increase the adhesion of nanoparticles with the polymer matrix, resulting in higher dispersion degrees. This, in most cases, leads to substantial enhancement of thermal decomposition properties. Only in nanocomposites containing montmorillonite there are conflicting results and accelerating degradation was also reported. Organoclays also have similar effects on polymers thermal stability and in this case the achieved clay dispersion (intercalated-exfoliated), as well as the used modifier, can alter the thermal decomposition of polymers. The used amount of nanoparticles plays an important role on the thermal stability of nanocomposites. In most cases thermal stability enhancement takes place at low loading (4-5 wt%) of nanoparticles, while at higher contents thermal stabilization becomes progressively smaller.
Preparation of nanoparticle-based polymer composites
Nanoparticle-Based Polymer Composites, 2022
Nanoparticle-based polymer composites are potential candidates for biomedical, energy storage, and photovoltaic applications. Applications of nanoparticle-based polymer nanocomposites depend on both the nanoparticles and the matrix. Applications of those materials can be modified with the physical modifications and functionalization of the surface (capping or stabilizing ligands) of nanoparticles and the sizes of the matrix. Usually, three separate steps comprise the preparation of nanoparticle-based polymer nanocomposites. Nanoparticles and matrix are prepared separately. In the final step, both of those raw materials are combined in various physical and chemical processes. In this chapter, the steps to prepare the nanoparticle-based polymer composites are described elaborately. As the application of nanocomposites is dependent on the constituent materials, so it is necessary to understand the preparation of the constituent materials (nanoparticles and matrix) and the composite alone. Aside from the discussions on matrix and filler materials, the popular approaches undertaken to produce ceramic, metal, and polymer nanocomposites are briefly overviewed. In the discussion of the methodologies, our focus was to highlight the general as well as specific applications of the approaches and associated thermal, mechanical, and process parameters to maintain for successful execution and realization of their particular advantages or customized utilization. In the end, there is a brief section where the potential drawbacks of the approaches are discussed. In short, this chapter provides a brief yet comprehensive overview of the process, applicability, and limitations of nanoparticle-based polymer composites.
Preparation and thermal properties of polystyrene/silica nanocomposites
Thermochimica Acta, 2011
Preparation of the series of polyurethane elastomers and its nanocomposites from castor oil (a vegetable triglyceride) and different isocyanates (aromatic: toluene diisocyanate, TDI and aliphatic: isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI) is described. The synthesis was carried out in bulk and without catalyst by a one-step reactive process. Different elastomers were prepared by using several stoichiometric imbalances. For polyurethane nanocomposites based on TDI, titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticles was used. The thermal properties of the materials are discussed on the basis of simultaneous TG-DSC measurements results and TMDSC data. TMDSC results show that T g increases with increasing r = NCO/OH ratio. Namely, with increasing NCO/OH ratio the cross-linkage density increases and as a consequence, the chain mobility decreases, resulting in a higher T g . It was estimated that the T g of the samples decreased as the nanofiller content increased due to the changes in the segmental mobility in polyurethane materials. Thermal data refers to increased stability of nanocomposites compared with that of the unfilled elastomers.