Nanostructured Conducting Polyaniline Tubules as Catalyst Support for Pt Particles for Possible Fuel Cell Applications (original) (raw)
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Applied Nanoscience, 2012
A microwave reduction route was employed for the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The as-prepared Pt-MWCNT electrocatalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM analysis. Further, the as-prepared catalysts were probed for its electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.5 M CH 3 OH ? 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution. Two kinds of electrocatalysts viz. Pt-MWCNT and Pt-MWCNT/PANI were probed to study the effect of both carbon nanotubes and polyaniline (PANI) towards methanol oxidation. The effect of scan rate, concentration and long-term cycle stability analysis has been investigated in detail. Results show that the presence of MWCNT and PANI improves the electrocatalytic efficiency towards methanol oxidation. Pt-MWCNT/PANI shows high peak current density towards methanol oxidation and good long-term stability even after 600 cycles indicating that the catalyst could be used for practical applications.
Polyaniline Based Pt-Electrocatalyst for a Proton Exchanged Membrane Fuel Cell
Polymers, 2020
Calcination reduction reaction is used to prepare Pt/EB (emeraldine base)-XC72 (Vulcan carbon black) composites as the cathode material of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The EB-XC72 core-shell composite obtained from directly polymerizing aniline on XC72 particles is able to chelate and capture the Pt-ions before calcination. X-ray diffraction spectra demonstrate Pt particles are successfully obtained on the EB-XC72 when the calcined temperature is higher than 600 °C. Micrographs of TEM and SEM illustrate the affluent, Pt nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on EB-XC72 at 800 °C (Pt/EB-XC72/800). More Pt is deposited on Pt/EB-XC72 composite as temperatures are higher than 600 °C. The Pt/EB-XC72/800 catalyst demonstrates typical type of a cyclic voltammograms (C-V) curve of a Pt-catalyst with clear Pt–H oxidation and Pt–O reduction peaks. The highest number of transferred electrons during ORR approaches 3.88 for Pt/EB-XC72/800. The maximum power density of the singl...
Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2003
The nanocomposite material prepared via the intercalation of polyaniline in V 2 O 5 matrix has been used as the support for Pt in methanol oxidation reaction. The average particle size of the Pt as evaluated from the high-resolution transmission electron microscope was found to be 4 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that vanadium is present in the form of V 2 O 5 and Pt in the metallic state. The activity of methanol oxidation of the Pt loaded nanocomposite electrode as evaluated from cyclic voltammetry was found to be 111 mAcm Ϫ2 at ϩ0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl for a Pt loading of 50 gcm Ϫ2 . The chronoamperometric response reveals the better activity and stability of the nanocomposite electrode compared to the bulk Pt electrode.
Synthetic Metals, 2008
This study reports on the preparation of Pt-and Ru-based electrocatalysts through electrodeposition of Pt and Ru particles into the nanofibrous network of polyaniline (PANI)-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS). The sequence of electrodeposition of Pt and Ru particles was changed and the electrocatalysts, PANI-PSS-Pt-Ru and PANI-PSS-Ru-Pt, were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were employed to investigate the morphology, structural and electrochemical properties of the electrocatalysts, PANI-PSS-Pt-Ru and PANI-PSS-Ru-Pt. The distribution of Pt and Ru particles into PANI-PSS matrix was analyzed by the Auger depth profiles. The electrochemical behavior PANI-PSS-Pt-Ru and PANI-PSS-Ru -Pt and the electrocatalytic behavior toward oxidation of methanol were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. PANI-PSS-Ru-Pt exhibited a superior electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxidation as compared to PANI-PSS-Pt-Ru.
Platinum-Based Anode Catalyst Dispersed in Polyaniline for the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Proceedings, 1998
Polymer electrolyte fuel cell anodes containing noble metals, including either Pt, Pt-Ru, or Pt and Sn particles were dispersed in a thin film o f polyaniline (PAni) on carbon cloth and tested as anodic material in a direct methanol fuel cell and polarization curves were recorded. Even if the performance o f these anodes remained in general inferior to that o f conventional electrodes, the curves obtained with Pt-Sn/PAni were encouraging, at least at low current densities.
Electrochimica Acta, 2013
Polyaniline fiber (PANI) was synthesized by chemical interfacial method and doped with para toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) through a sequential doping-dedoping-redoping process resulting in PANI-PTSA. The doped material was utilized to fabricate Vulcan-polyaniline composite of C-PANI-PTSA. Next, through reduction, Pt particles were deposited on to this composite to produce a Pt/C-PANI-PTSA electrocatalyst. To investigate the PANI-PTSA interaction with the carbon support as well as, to consider its effect upon the catalytic activity of Pt/C-PANI-PTSA, electrocatalysts with different ratios of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 wt% were synthesized and their activity was compared with the Pt/C (Electrochem). Results revealed that, the peak current density in methanol electro-oxidation, electrochemical surface area, methanol diffusion coefficient, charge transfer resistance as well as; the stability of the Pt/C-20%PANI-PTSA electrocatalyst were all markedly improved for the synthesized material. Moreover, the Pt/C-20%PANI-PTSA was demonstrated to be more CO tolerant according to the CO stripping voltammetry test. Also powder XRD and TEM techniques were utilized to investigate the crystallite size and the surface morphologies of the catalysts. Finally, the performance of Pt/C-20%PANI-PTSA was compared with Pt/C (Electrochem) in a passive direct methanol fuel cell and the effect of PANI-PTSA on methanol crossover and fuel utilization was analyzed. Ultimately, the Pt/C-20%PANI-PTSA modified catalyst was shown to be more suitable for applying in the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) compared with the commercial Pt/C material.
Pt particles supported on conducting polymeric nanocones as electro-catalysts for methanol oxidation
Journal of Power Sources, 2004
The electrochemical synthesis of conducting nanocones of Pt incorporated poly(3-methyl) thiophene, employing alumina membrane templates and its use as an electrode material for methanol oxidation is reported. The activity (131 mA/cm 2 at +0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl for a Pt loading of 80 g/cm 2 ) of nanocone-based electrode was found to be more than one order of magnitude higher compared to the regular poly(3-methyl) thiophene electrode (12.2 mA/cm 2 at +0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl for a Pt loading of 80 g/cm 2 ). The chronoamperometric response confirms the better activity and stability of the nanocone-based electrode compared to the commercial 20 wt.% Pt/C (E-TEK) and template-free electrode. The XPS data confirmed the presence of Pt in the metallic state. The nanocone morphology of poly(3-methyl) thiophene, helps in the effective dispersion of Pt particles facilitating the easier access of methanol to the catalytic sites.